Question 1

Henry is treated for hypertension by using a procedure in which he receives information about small decreases in his blood pressure presented visually on a screen. What treatment is Henry receiving?

Accepted Answer

Biofeedback is a technique where individuals are provided with real-time feedback about physiological processes, such as blood pressure, to learn how to control these processes consciously. In this case, Henry is receiving visual feedback on his blood pressure, which is a classic example of biofeedback.

Question 2

Which type of headache typically occurs in cycles that may produce incapacitating attacks several times a day?

Accepted Answer

Cluster headaches occur in cyclical patterns or clusters, which can lead to severe pain often on one side of the head. These attacks can happen several times a day during a cluster period.

Question 3

Depressed individuals have elevated ____ that can increase risk of asthma.

Accepted Answer

Depressed individuals often experience elevated negative emotional states, such as sadness, anxiety, or hopelessness, which can contribute to physical health problems, including an increased risk of asthma. Stress and negative emotions can affect the immune system and inflammatory processes, potentially exacerbating or triggering asthma symptoms.

Question 4

In relaxation training, participants ____.

Accepted Answer

In relaxation training, participants learn techniques to relax their muscles and manage stress in various situations, rather than all at once or by imagining calm situations.

Question 5

The rate of coronary heart disease is five times greater in Japanese Americans who become acculturated than in those who retain their traditional values. This fact supports which view of psychophysiological disorders?

Accepted Answer

The fact that the rate of coronary heart disease is significantly higher in Japanese Americans who become acculturated compared to those who retain their traditional values supports the sociocultural view. This view emphasizes the impact of social and cultural factors on health, suggesting that changes in lifestyle, diet, stress levels, and social support associated with acculturation can influence the development of psychophysiological disorders.

Question 6

If a child has one parent with asthma, what is the likelihood that this particular child will also develop asthma?

Accepted Answer

A child with one parent who has asthma has a one in three chance, or approximately a 33% likelihood, of developing asthma. This is due to the genetic component associated with asthma, where having a family history of the condition increases the risk.

Question 7

Treatment of psychophysiological disorders usually consists of ____.

Accepted Answer

Psychophysiological disorders involve both physical and psychological aspects. Therefore, treatment typically includes medical interventions for the physical condition and psychotherapy to address the psychological factors, such as stress and anxiety, contributing to or resulting from the medical condition.

Question 8

Marquis is receiving relaxation training for his headaches. Which of the following best illustrates what he should do?

Accepted Answer

Clenching certain muscle groups and then releasing them is a technique used in progressive muscle relaxation, a common method in relaxation training aimed at reducing tension and stress, which can help alleviate headache symptoms.

Question 9

Efforts to combine medical and psychological treatments for psychophysiological disorders have proved to be ____.

Accepted Answer

Combining medical and psychological treatments for psychophysiological disorders has been successful because it addresses both the physical and psychological aspects of these disorders, leading to more comprehensive and effective treatment strategies.

Question 10

Thinking you are in control ____ the ability to work through a stress response.

Accepted Answer

Believing you are in control can positively impact your ability to manage stress, enhancing your capacity to navigate through a stress response effectively.

Question 11

Which of the following is a maladaptive, chronic response to stress?

Accepted Answer

Hypervigilance is a maladaptive, chronic response to stress because it can lead to anxiety, insomnia, and other health problems.

Question 12

What genetic factors could be involved in the development of PTSD?

Accepted Answer

The SS genotype of the serotonin transporter gene has been associated with a higher risk of developing PTSD, as it may affect serotonin levels and stress response.

Question 13

Who is more likely to be affected by stress disorders?

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that women are more likely to be affected by stress disorders compared to men. This is due to a variety of factors including biological, psychological, and social reasons.

Question 14

Dee and Jay, a married couple, both have asthma. What is the likelihood that each of their children will also have the disease?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Dee and Jay, a married couple, both...

Question 15

Deirdra's husband leaves her after she is diagnosed with breast cancer. She sees the world as unfair and is depressed. Her therapist suggests she join a group that helps members learn new coping skills and stress management. The therapist is suggesting what approach?

Accepted Answer

The therapist is suggesting a cognitive-behavioral approach, which focuses on changing thought patterns and behaviors to improve emotional regulation and develop personal coping strategies.

Question 16

Which emotion has been particularly implicated in coronary heart disease?

Accepted Answer

Hostility has been particularly implicated in coronary heart disease as it is associated with stress responses that can negatively affect heart health.

Question 17

Which groups have the highest risk of developing asthma?

Accepted Answer

Puerto Ricans and African Americans have higher rates of asthma and more severe cases compared to many other ethnic groups, due to a combination of genetic, environmental, and socioeconomic factors.

Question 18

What effect do negative emotions have on stress?

Accepted Answer

Negative emotions, such as fear, anger, or sadness, can intensify the body's stress response. They can trigger or amplify the body's reaction to stress, leading to increased levels of stress hormones like cortisol and adrenaline, which in turn can affect physical and mental health.

Question 19

The increase in the prevalence of asthma has been blamed on a number of factors, including ____.

Accepted Answer

Cockroaches are a common trigger for asthma, especially in children.

Question 20

A longitudinal study by Maddi (2002) showed that after almost half of a company's workforce was let go due to downsizing, of those who remained, two-thirds became ill and the other third thrived. Those who did well have which three characteristics?

Accepted Answer

The three characteristics that helped individuals thrive despite stressful conditions in Maddi's study are commitment, control, and challenge. These are key components of psychological resilience, enabling individuals to adapt to and overcome adversity.

Quiz 6: Trauma and Stress-Related Disorders