Question 1

The standard deviation of scores for a sample of children is 16, and the arithmetic mean is 100. The distribution of scores is a normal distribution. This means that approximately 34% of the cases will have scores between
A) 92 and 108.
B) 84 and 116.
C) 84 and 100.
D) 100 and 132.

Accepted Answer

C

Question 2

Of the following correlation coefficients, the one with the poorest predictive value is
A) 0.90.
B) 0.12.
C) -0.52.
D) -1.00.

Accepted Answer

A correlation coefficient close to 0 (either positive or negative) indicates a very weak or no linear relationship between the variables. Therefore, a coefficient of 0.12 has the poorest predictive value among the options given.

Question 3

A primary indicator of level of acculturation is the
A) age of the child.
B) socioeconomic status of the family.
C) acculturation of other children in the child's school.
D) intelligence of the child.

Accepted Answer

Socioeconomic status of the family is a primary indicator of the level of acculturation, as it often influences access to resources, education, and opportunities that facilitate the process of adapting to a new culture.

Question 4

The standard deviation, variance, and range are all measures of
A) central tendency.
B) partition values.
C) dispersion.
D) grouping.

Accepted Answer

The standard deviation, variance, and range are all measures of dispersion, which describe the spread or variability of a set of data points around a central value.

Question 5

The finding that children living in areas of the country other than the Southeast typically score higher on achievement tests than children who live in the Southeast (excluding Florida) reflects the importance of __________ in developing representative norms.
A) intelligence
B) geography ​
C) acculturation
D) age

Accepted Answer

Geography influences the development of representative norms because it accounts for regional differences in education, culture, and resources, which can affect achievement test scores.

Question 6

The standard score that has a mean of 50 and a standard deviation of 10 is the
A) T-score.
B) z-score.
C) age equivalent.
D) ratio IQ.

Accepted Answer

The T-score is a type of standard score that has a mean of 50 and a standard deviation of 10. It is often used in educational testing and psychological assessment.

Question 7

Of the following, the best example of an equal-interval scale is
A) height.
B) surnames.
C) ranks in military service.
D) temperature.

Accepted Answer

Temperature is an equal-interval scale because the difference between each unit is the same, such as the difference between 20 and 30 degrees being the same as between 30 and 40 degrees.

Question 8

Given the scores 26, 16, 6, 24, 32, 10, 16, 28, 26, and 16, the mean is
A) 12.0. ​
B) 16.3.
C) 20.0.
D) 22.6.

Accepted Answer

The mean is calculated by summing all the scores and dividing by the number of scores. The sum is 200, and there are 10 scores, so the mean is 20.0.

Question 9

Of the following, the best example of an ordinal scale is
A) height.
B) surnames.
C) ranks in military service.
D) temperature.

Accepted Answer

Ordinal scales are used for ranking order without specifying the exact differences between the ranks. Military ranks clearly illustrate this, as they denote a hierarchy or order without quantifying the exact difference between each rank.

Question 10

Given the scores 26, 16, 6, 24, 32, 10, 16, 26, 28, and 16, the mode is
A) ​16.
B) ​20.
C) ​26.
D) ​28.

Accepted Answer

The mode is the number that appears most frequently in a data set. In this case, 16 appears three times, more than any other number, making it the mode.

Question 11

Johnny, age six years, earns an age equivalent of 7-2 on an intelligence test. The appropriate statement to make based on this information is that
A) Johnny earned the same number of raw-score points as the average of children 7 years, 2 months of age.
B) Johnny has an IQ above 130.
C) Johnny is below the median of children 6-0.
D) Johnny thinks the way a 7-year-2-month-old thinks.

Accepted Answer

Johnny's age equivalent score of 7-2 on an intelligence test means he performed as well as the average child who is 7 years and 2 months old, not that he thinks like one or has a specific IQ.

Question 12

Given the scores 26, 56, 38, 2, 30, 62, 8, 34, 54, and 10, the median is
A) ​44.
B) ​40.
C) ​32.
D) ​28.

Accepted Answer

The median is the middle value in a list of numbers. To find the median, first, sort the numbers: 2, 8, 10, 26, 30, 34, 38, 54, 56, 62. With 10 numbers, the median is the average of the 5th and 6th numbers: (30 + 34) / 2 = 32.

Question 13

The mean age in months for preschool children was reported as 25.5. The standard deviation for Group 1 was 3.4 and for Group 2, 4.9. From this, we may conclude that
A) Group 1 is more variable than Group 2.
B) the mode for Group 1 is higher than that for Group 2.
C) Group 2 is more variable than Group 1.
D) the median age for Group 2 is higher than that for Group 1.

Accepted Answer

The standard deviation is a measure of variability or dispersion in a dataset. A higher standard deviation indicates more variability. Since Group 2 has a higher standard deviation (4.9) compared to Group 1 (3.4), it means Group 2 is more variable than Group 1.

Question 14

Standard scores are considered to be
A) nominal.
B) ordinal.
C) ratio.
D) equal interval.

Accepted Answer

Standard scores are considered to be equal interval because they maintain consistent distances between score units across the scale, allowing for meaningful comparison of differences between scores.

Question 15

The sixtieth percentile is the point in a distribution
A) at which a student has answered 60% of the questions correctly.
B) that marks the distance from the median that includes 60% of the class.
C) below which are 40% of the cases.
D) below which are 60% of the cases.

Accepted Answer

The sixtieth percentile is the point in a distribution below which 60% of the cases fall. This means that 60% of the data points are less than or equal to this value.

Question 16

In norm-referenced testing, the norm sample is used for
A) setting up goals for client achievement.
B) providing a basis for comparison.
C) establishing critical scores.
D) providing diagnostic information.

Accepted Answer

Norm-referenced tests use the norm sample to provide a basis for comparison, allowing an individual's performance to be compared against a predefined group.

Question 17

When we talk about platykurtic curves and leptokurtic curves, we are talking about
A) normal curves.
B) polygrams.
C) kurtosis.
D) kurtic curves.

Accepted Answer

Platykurtic and leptokurtic curves refer to the shape of the distribution in terms of its kurtosis, which is a measure of the "tailedness" of the probability distribution of a real-valued random variable. Platykurtic curves have lower kurtosis than the normal distribution (flatter tails), while leptokurtic curves have higher kurtosis (heavier tails).

Question 18

For norms to be representative, they should include
A) individuals with relevant characteristics and experience.
B) equal numbers of various types of individuals.
C) all possible types of individuals who are in society.
D) comparison data for 50 years ago, as well as for today.

Accepted Answer

Norms should include individuals with relevant characteristics and experience to ensure that they are representative and meaningful for the specific context or population they are intended to describe or guide.

Question 19

When an age equivalent is going to be derived from a target score that is outside the available norm-group scores, the age equivalent for the target score is estimated through
A) standardization.
B) extrapolation.
C) translation to a percentage first.
D) interpolation.

Accepted Answer

Extrapolation is used to estimate values outside the range of the data, which is necessary when the target score is beyond the available norm-group scores.

Question 20

A z score is equal to a(n)
A) deviation IQ.
B) decile.
C) developmental level twice the number of the z-score.
D) standard deviation unit.

Accepted Answer

A z score represents the number of standard deviations a data point is from the mean. It does not directly relate to IQ, deciles, or developmental levels.

Quiz 4: Test Scores and How to Use Them

The standard deviation of scores for a sample of children is 16, and the arithmetic mean is 100. The distribution of scores is a normal distribution. This means that approximately 34% of the cases will have scores between

Of the following correlation coefficients, the one with the poorest predictive value is

A primary indicator of level of acculturation is the

The standard deviation, variance, and range are all measures of

The finding that children living in areas of the country other than the Southeast typically score higher on achievement tests than children who live in the Southeast (excluding Florida) reflects the importance of __________ in developing representative norms.

The standard score that has a mean of 50 and a standard deviation of 10 is the

Of the following, the best example of an equal-interval scale is

Given the scores 26, 16, 6, 24, 32, 10, 16, 28, 26, and 16, the mean is

Of the following, the best example of an ordinal scale is

Given the scores 26, 16, 6, 24, 32, 10, 16, 26, 28, and 16, the mode is

Johnny, age six years, earns an age equivalent of 7-2 on an intelligence test. The appropriate statement to make based on this information is that

Given the scores 26, 56, 38, 2, 30, 62, 8, 34, 54, and 10, the median is

The mean age in months for preschool children was reported as 25.5. The standard deviation for Group 1 was 3.4 and for Group 2, 4.9. From this, we may conclude that

Standard scores are considered to be

The sixtieth percentile is the point in a distribution

In norm-referenced testing, the norm sample is used for

When we talk about platykurtic curves and leptokurtic curves, we are talking about

For norms to be representative, they should include

When an age equivalent is going to be derived from a target score that is outside the available norm-group scores, the age equivalent for the target score is estimated through

A z score is equal to a(n)