Question 1

When people band together in large groups, wear uniforms, don masks, call themselves by numbers rather than names, or otherwise engage in actions that make them feel anonymous, they are said to be engaging in ____.
A)running amok
B)avoidance
C)antisocialization
D)deindividuation

Accepted Answer

Deindividuation refers to the psychological state where individuals in groups feel anonymous and less accountable for their actions, often leading to behavior that is uncharacteristic or more extreme than they would exhibit alone. This can happen in large groups, when wearing uniforms or masks, or when individuals use numbers instead of names, all of which contribute to a loss of self-awareness and a diminished sense of individual identity.

Question 2

When it comes to lying, most people ____.
A)almost never lie
B)lie a few times a month
C)lie at least once a day
D)lie six to eight times a day

Accepted Answer

Research in psychology suggests that lying is a common part of human communication, with studies indicating that most people lie at least once a day. This can range from minor, harmless lies to more significant deceptions, depending on the context and the individual's motivations.

Question 3

Injunctive norms are norms that ____.
A)specify what others approve of or disapprove of
B)specify what others tend to do
C)specify what others assume that you will do
D)hold true almost always and almost everywhere

Accepted Answer

Injunctive norms are norms that specify what behaviors are approved or disapproved of by others. They guide behavior by providing explicit cues about what is considered acceptable or unacceptable within a given context.

Question 4

More than ____ of high school and college students have admitted to cheating, and ____ of all employees have stolen at least once from their employers.
A)75%; 30%
B)50%; 50%
C)90%; 25%
D)75%; 75%

Accepted Answer

The answer of More than ____ of high school and...

Question 5

Research on lying in romantic relationships suggests that ____.
A)when it comes to issues like HIV status about which there 's prejudice, people are especially likely to lie
B)on online dating services, people judged to be attractive are more likely to lie about their appearance than are persons judged as less attractive
C)lying in romantic relationships tends to be reciprocal: if one partner lies, the other also lies
D)there is no relationship between commitment to the relationship and likelihood of lying

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that lying in romantic relationships often tends to be reciprocal, meaning if one partner lies, the other is also likely to lie.

Question 6

Which of the following anti-littering messages would probably be MOST effective?
A)"Most people don't litter; why should you?"
B)"Most people think littering is disgusting; why be disgusting?"
C)"Don't litter; it is just plain wrong."
D)"Don't litter!!!"

Accepted Answer

The message appeals to people's sense of disgust and social norms.

Question 7

_____ is a state of disgrace, loss of self-respect, or loss of respect from others.
A)Guilt
B)Humiliation
C)Anger
D)Loathing

Accepted Answer

Humiliation is the correct answer because it specifically refers to a state where an individual feels disgraced or loses respect from themselves or others.

Question 8

Law enforcement officers must often make judgments about whether individuals are lying. Research involving agents from the U.S. Secret Service, Central Intelligence Agency (CIA), Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), National Security Agency and Drug Enforcement Agency, as well as California police and judges, suggests that ____.
A)federal law enforcement personnel are excellent at detecting lies, although state-level personnel are not
B)only U.S. Secret Service agents can detect lies at better than chance level
C)while judges are excellent at detecting lies, law enforcement personnel, especially at the federal level, are not
D)law enforcement personnel and others in the justice system uniformly perform levels no better than chance at detecting lies

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that only U.S. Secret Service agents have been found to detect lies at better than chance levels, while other law enforcement personnel and those in the justice system do not perform better than chance.

Question 9

What do most high school and college students say about cheating? ​
A)Most say they think it is wrong, but over 75% admit to cheating themselves.
B)Most say they think it is wrong, and only 10% admit to cheating themselves.
C)Most say they think it okay in some situations, and over 75% admit to cheating themselves.
D)Most say they think it okay in some situations, but only 10% admit to cheating themselves.

Accepted Answer

Studies and surveys have consistently shown that while a majority of students acknowledge that cheating is wrong, a significant percentage admit to engaging in some form of cheating themselves. This paradox highlights the difference between students' ethical beliefs and their behaviors under pressure or in challenging academic situations.

Question 10

What is the nature of the relationship between cheating and creativity? ​
A)The type of person who breaks rules is both more creative and more willing to cheat.
B)Creative individuals are less likely to cheat because they can imagine the consequences of being caught.
C)People who are instructed to cheat subsequently perform more creatively, and creativity can also lead to cheating.
D)Aside from the factor of intelligence, no relationship exists between cheating and creativity.

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that there is a bidirectional relationship where cheating can enhance creative performance, and being creative can lead to more cheating behavior.

Question 11

About half of all lies are told by _____ of the population, so-called habitual liars. ​
A)5%
B)​10 %
C)15% ​
D)​20 %

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that a small percentage of the population, around 5%, is responsible for telling about half of all lies. These individuals are often referred to as habitual liars.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT an example of plagiarism?
A)Abby buys a term paper on the internet and turns it in as her own work.
B)Luke borrows a tune from another band and incorporates in his own songwriting without permission.
C)Toby gives a speech that he got from a book of famous speeches and acts as if it was his writing.
D)Shelly fails to prepare for a test and bubbles in answers randomly.

Accepted Answer

Plagiarism involves using someone else's work or ideas without proper attribution. Shelly's action of randomly bubbling in answers on a test does not involve using someone else's work or ideas, hence it is not considered plagiarism.

Question 13

Which statement about lying is true? ​
A)People who lie more often generally have better health.
B)Lying takes more cognitive resources than does telling the truth.
C)People who lie more often typically have better relationships.
D)Lying requires only activation of the automatic system.

Accepted Answer

Lying takes more cognitive resources than telling the truth because it involves creating a false narrative, keeping track of it, and ensuring it aligns with known facts and previous lies, which is more mentally taxing than simply recounting actual events.

Question 14

Research on detecting lying concludes that ____. ​
A)most people are good at knowing when someone is lying to them
B)most people cannot tell when someone is lying to them
C)the polygraph tends to be very accurate at detecting lies
D)textual analysis programs are very poor at detecting lies

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that most people are not very good at detecting lies, often performing at chance levels in experiments.

Question 15

Finnegan goes to apply for a car loan and is shocked when his credit report turns up with a very low rating. As he investigates, he finds out that someone has opened credit cards in his name and with his social security number. This person has charged up huge sums and not paid the balance responsibly. Finnegan has been the victim of ____.
A)identity theft
B)plagiarism
C)broken windows
D)cyberbullying

Accepted Answer

Identity theft occurs when someone uses another person's personal information, such as their name and Social Security number, without their permission to commit fraud or other crimes, such as opening credit cards and accruing debt.

Question 16

Cheating, stealing, and littering are ____.
A)aggressive behaviors
B)antisocial behaviors
C)violent behaviors
D)aberrant behaviors

Accepted Answer

These actions are considered antisocial behaviors because they go against established social norms and can harm or disregard the rights of others.

Question 17

Which scenario is an example of an injunctive norm?
A)Almost everywhere in the world, it is normal for people to bathe regularly.
B)Most people assume that you probably bathe regularly.
C)Most people in your culture bathe regularly.
D)Most people think that it is wise to bathe regularly, and look down on those who do not.

Accepted Answer

Injunctive norms refer to the perception of what behaviors are approved or disapproved by others. Choice D exemplifies an injunctive norm by indicating that there is a societal expectation to bathe regularly, and those who do not follow this norm are judged negatively.

Question 18

More than any other emotion, the emotion of ____ is likely to have been at the root of many horrible wars, genocides, and violent attacks throughout history.
A)guilt
B)humiliation
C)anger
D)loathing

Accepted Answer

Humiliation has often been cited as a deep-seated emotional trigger for conflicts and violence, as it can lead to a strong desire for revenge or assertion of power.

Question 19

Societies that have a culture of honor tend to ____.
A)place a relatively high value on family and community needs rather than one ' s own needs
B)place a relatively high value on respect and virtue
C)be more accepting of virtually all forms of violence
D)be less accepting of virtually all forms of violence

Accepted Answer

CCultures of honor place a high value on respect and virtue, often responding to insults or threats to reputation with aggression, thus being more accepting of certain forms of violence to defend honor.

Question 20

Psychologists use the term ____ to describe the sense of anonymity that often arises when people are in large groups and that makes people especially likely to engage in aggressive, destructive behavior.
A)avoidance
B)deindividuation
C)running amok
D)antisocialization

Accepted Answer

Deindividuation refers to the loss of self-awareness and individual accountability in group settings, which can lead to disinhibited and impulsive behavior, including aggression and destructiveness. This phenomenon explains why people might act out more aggressively or destructively when they feel anonymous within a large group.

Quiz 10: Aggression Antisocial Behavior

When people band together in large groups, wear uniforms, don masks, call themselves by numbers rather than names, or otherwise engage in actions that make them feel anonymous, they are said to be engaging in ____.

When it comes to lying, most people ____.

Injunctive norms are norms that ____.

More than of high school and college students have admitted to cheating, and of all employees have stolen at least once from their employers.

Research on lying in romantic relationships suggests that ____.

Which of the following anti-littering messages would probably be MOST effective?

_____ is a state of disgrace, loss of self-respect, or loss of respect from others.

What do most high school and college students say about cheating?

What is the nature of the relationship between cheating and creativity?

About half of all lies are told by _____ of the population, so-called habitual liars.

Which of the following is NOT an example of plagiarism?

Which statement about lying is true?

Research on detecting lying concludes that ____.

Cheating, stealing, and littering are ____.

Which scenario is an example of an injunctive norm?

More than any other emotion, the emotion of ____ is likely to have been at the root of many horrible wars, genocides, and violent attacks throughout history.

Societies that have a culture of honor tend to ____.

Psychologists use the term ____ to describe the sense of anonymity that often arises when people are in large groups and that makes people especially likely to engage in aggressive, destructive behavior.