Question 1

Monique thinks that most people spend lots of money on shoes. This makes her feel better about the fact that she overspends on shoes. Monique's thought process is affected by the cognitive bias known as the ________________ effect.

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Question 2

Suppose you are trying to guess how much money a co-worker makes. You start with your own salary and then add a few dollars since she has been at your workplace longer than you have. That is, you make use of the ________________ heuristic.

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Question 3

The _____ may help explain extrasensory perception (ESP)beliefs, such as when a dream comes true at a later time.

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Question 4

The term ________________ was coined to refer to people's general unwillingness to do much extra conscious thinking (i.e., people's mental laziness).

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Question 5

A person following a diet slips up and indulges in ice cream. He feels he might as well drink a bottle of soda because he has already blown his calorie restrictions for the day. This phenomenon is called ________________.

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Question 6

Explain the theory perseverance effect.

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Question 7

_____, which literally means "thinking about thinking," is a reflective approach to problem solving that involves stepping back from the immediate problem to examine and reflect on the thinking process.

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Question 8

The fundamental attribution error is also called the _____ because people tend to automatically assume that someone's actions are consistent with their personality.

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Question 9

The actor/observer bias holds that actors tend to make _________________ attributions.

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Question 10

Continuing to dislike someone because you heard she was mean to your friend, even though you later find out she was not mean to your friend is an example of _____.

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Question 11

What are knowledge structures?

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Question 12

Believing that mentally ill individuals are violent and dangerous is an example of a(n)_____.

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Question 13

Describe the four most common mental shortcuts that people use and provide an example of each.

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Question 14

Peppa is three years old, and has just begun to understand concepts such as spoon, plate, fork, table, and chair, and how these concepts differ from one another. In other words, she is just beginning to develop ________________.

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Question 15

What is the self-serving bias?

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Question 16

Social psychologists term the way information is presented to others ________________, whereas politicians call it ________________.

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Question 17

Encouraging people to search for disconfirmatory information and use explicit decision rules are examples of _____.

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Question 18

Within the field of social cognition, the term ________________ essentially refers to schemas that are about events.

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Question 19

The first instinct fallacy refers to the false belief that it is better not to change one's first answer even if one starts to think that a different answer is correct.

Accepted Answer

The first instinct fallacy is indeed the belief that one's initial answer on a test or decision is more likely to be correct than a later changed answer, despite evidence showing that changes from wrong to right answers are more common than changes from right to wrong.

Question 20

Trying not to think about pain makes it more difficult for chronic pain patients to stop using prescription opioids. This is known as a(n)__________________.

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The answer of Trying not to think about pain makes...

Quiz 5: Social Cognition