Question 1

Which of the following is NOT good advice when visiting a person who is dying?
A)Be lively and keep the conversation going at all times.
B)Be aware of feelings and nonverbal cues displayed by the person who is dying.
C)Be yourself and relate person to person.
D)Be ready to listen and be respectful.

Accepted Answer

Being lively and keeping the conversation going at all times may not always be appropriate when visiting a person who is dying. It's important to be sensitive to their energy levels, mood, and desires, which might include wanting quiet or rest.

Question 2

When a gene is recessive, it must be paired with a second gene of the same type before its effect will be expressed.

Accepted Answer

A recessive gene must be paired with another recessive allele for the trait it controls to be expressed in the organism's phenotype, as opposed to a dominant allele which can express the trait when present as a single copy.

Question 3

Current guidelines suggest that toilet training goes most smoothly when it begins between 18 and 24 months of age.

Accepted Answer

Research and guidelines from pediatric organizations often recommend starting toilet training between 18 and 24 months, as children are typically developmentally ready during this period.

Question 4

Matt has had a wonderful semester at college. He has made A's or B's on most of his tests and assignments. He enjoys his part-time job and recently got a raise, and he has a steady girlfriend, whom he enjoys spending time with and who is also very supportive. However, Matt's mother called this morning to tell him that his grandfather, to whom he is very close, is very ill. According to the research, Matt's happiness or subjective well-being would be
A)low due to the overwhelmingly negative emotion Matt is feeling regarding his grandfather's illness.
B)neutral, since the intense negative emotion generated by his grandfather's illness cancels out the positive emotions generated by Matt's everyday college experiences.
C)high because Matt is experiencing frequent positive emotions and relatively few negative emotions.
D)unpredictable, since Matt is young, and his emotions tend to fluctuate daily.

Accepted Answer

Matt's happiness or subjective well-being would likely be high because he is experiencing frequent positive emotions from various aspects of his life (academic success, job satisfaction, and a supportive relationship) and relatively few negative emotions, even considering his grandfather's illness. The positive aspects of his life can contribute significantly to his overall subjective well-being, outweighing the negative emotion from his grandfather's illness.

Question 5

Which of the following usually signals that the struggle with death has been resolved, the need to talk about death ends, and silent companionship from others is frequently all the person desires?
A)depression
B)bargaining
C)acceptance
D)denial and isolation

Accepted Answer

Acceptance is typically the stage in the grief process where an individual has come to terms with death, leading to a decrease in the need to discuss it and an increased appreciation for quiet companionship.

Question 6

The brain of a newborn baby has more dendrites and synapses than an adult brain.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The brain of a newborn baby has...

Question 7

The happiest people are those who have
A)had some positive emotional experiences but have overcome many negative experiences.
B)lots of positive emotional experiences and lots of negative experiences.
C)equal numbers of positive and negative emotional experiences.
D)many positive emotional experiences and relatively few negative experiences.

Accepted Answer

The happiest people tend to be those who have experienced many positive emotional experiences and relatively few negative experiences. This balance contributes to a generally positive outlook and greater overall happiness.

Question 8

The emotional reactions to death described by Kübler-Ross are
A)fixed and invariant.
B)comparable to other developmental stage theories.
C)a progression in which each successive stage is more advanced.
D)common but not universal.

Accepted Answer

Kübler-Ross's stages of grief (denial, anger, bargaining, depression, acceptance) describe common reactions to death, but they are not experienced by everyone nor do they always occur in a fixed order, making them common but not universal.

Question 9

The single most important thing you might do for a dying person is to
A)avoid disturbing that person by mentioning death.
B)allow that person to talk about death with you.
C)tell that person about the stages of dying.
D)fill in periods of silence with idle talk during visits.

Accepted Answer

Allowing a dying person to talk about death provides emotional support and a safe space for them to express their feelings and fears, which is crucial for their mental and emotional well-being during such a vulnerable time.

Question 10

Impoverished children tend to be sick more often and show poorer school performance.

Accepted Answer

Impoverished children often face inadequate nutrition, limited access to healthcare, and stressful environments, which can lead to more frequent illnesses and hinder their academic performance.

Question 11

Kanzi would be described as being generally satisfied with her life and reports having frequent positive emotions and relatively few negative emotions. Kanzi is exhibiting
A)self-efficacy.
B)subjective well-being.
C)life actualization.
D)emotional intelligence.

Accepted Answer

Kanzi's description of being generally satisfied with life and experiencing frequent positive emotions with relatively few negative emotions aligns with the definition of subjective well-being. This term refers to how people experience the quality of their lives and includes both emotional reactions and cognitive judgments.

Question 12

In general, one's approach to dying
A)is fixed and invariant.
B)should follow Kübler-Ross's order if the person shows successful coping.
C)will mirror his or her style of living.
D)depends on one's age and gender with young people never reaching acceptance.

Accepted Answer

One's approach to dying often reflects their general approach to life, meaning that personal attitudes, behaviors, and coping mechanisms developed over a lifetime can influence how one deals with the process of dying. This concept suggests that individual differences in living are mirrored in dying, rather than there being a fixed, invariant approach or a specific sequence of stages that applies universally.

Question 13

Mary is very satisfied with her life. She describes her life as "a sunny day with only an occasional dark cloud." Mary is exhibiting
A)self-efficacy.
B)hypomania.
C)subjective well-being.
D)emotional intelligence.

Accepted Answer

Mary's description of her life as "a sunny day with only an occasional dark cloud" indicates a positive overall evaluation of her life, which aligns with the concept of subjective well-being. This term refers to how people experience the quality of their lives and includes both emotional reactions and cognitive judgments.

Question 14

Regarding the dying and their survivors, which of the following statements is FALSE?
A)Understanding the reactions to death can help both the dying and survivors to recognize and cope with periods of depression, anger, denial, and bargaining.
B)Understanding the reactions to death can help persons to realize that close friends or relatives may experience some of the same reactions and emotions before or after that person's death.
C)Understanding the reactions to death helps people to realize that dying persons do not want to share their feelings about dying with others.
D)Many terminally ill individuals benefit from hospice care, which can improve the quality of life in a person's final days.

Accepted Answer

Understanding the reactions to death often reveals that dying persons may indeed want to share their feelings about dying with others, contrary to the statement in option C. This sharing can be a crucial part of the coping process for both the dying and their loved ones.

Question 15

When psychologists attribute development to nurture, they are referring to the effects of heredity.

Accepted Answer

Nurture refers to the environmental influences and experiences that affect development, as opposed to heredity, which is related to genetic inheritance.

Question 16

Abby's mother has watched Abby progress in her development from attempting to pick up a ball using her arms and torso, to using her whole hands, and finally to using her fingertips, which illustrates cephalocaudal development.

Accepted Answer

The progression from using arms and torso, to whole hands, and finally to fingertips illustrates fine motor development and the principle of proximodistal development, not cephalocaudal development. Cephalocaudal development refers to the pattern of growth where areas near the head develop earlier than areas further from the head.

Question 17

Tony has resolved his struggle with dying and is neither happy nor sad, but at peace. At this point, all he desires is the companionship of his family and friends. Tony is exhibiting which emotional reaction to impeding death?
A)depression
B)acceptance
C)bargaining
D)denial and isolation

Accepted Answer

Tony's state of being at peace and desiring only the companionship of his family and friends indicates that he has reached the stage of acceptance in the Kübler-Ross model of the five stages of grief. This model outlines denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance as the typical stages one goes through when facing death.

Question 18

Melissa is visiting her aunt who is in the final stages of terminal cancer. While visiting her aunt, Melissa should do all of the following EXCEPT be
A)willing to just sit in silence with her aunt.
B)ready to listen and relate to her aunt person to person.
C)upbeat and avoid talking about death.
D)aware of her aunt's feelings and nonverbal cues.

Accepted Answer

Being upbeat and avoiding talking about death can prevent important conversations from happening and may not respect the emotional state or needs of someone in the final stages of terminal cancer. It's important to be open to discussing a range of topics, including death, if the person wishes to.

Question 19

According to psychologist Diener and his associates, subjective well-being occurs when people are generally satisfied with their lives and
A)have a great deal of financial wealth.
B)are relatively famous or recognized for their accomplishments.
C)have had few health issues throughout their lives.
D)have frequent positive emotions and few negative emotions.

Accepted Answer

Subjective well-being, as described by psychologist Diener and his associates, is characterized by general life satisfaction, frequent positive emotions, and infrequent negative emotions. It is not directly tied to financial wealth, fame, or health status, but rather to the individual's emotional experiences and overall contentment with life.

Question 20

Regarding people's reactions to their impending death, which of the following statements is FALSE?
A)Not all terminally ill persons display all the reactions described by Kübler-Ross, nor do they always occur in a fixed order.
B)Some people who have accepted death may die angry and raging against the inevitable, or the angry fighter may let go of the struggle and die peacefully.
C)Many of the same reactions described by Kübler-Ross accompany any major loss, including divorce, loss of a job or home, and the death of a pet.
D)Even when death is not sudden, very few people manage to come to terms with dying and to accept it calmly.

Accepted Answer

The statement that very few people manage to come to terms with dying and accept it calmly is false. Many individuals do reach a stage of acceptance regarding their impending death, as described in the stages of grief by Kübler-Ross. This acceptance can vary greatly among individuals, but it is not accurate to say that very few people achieve it.

Quiz 3: Human Development

Which of the following is NOT good advice when visiting a person who is dying?

When a gene is recessive, it must be paired with a second gene of the same type before its effect will be expressed.

Current guidelines suggest that toilet training goes most smoothly when it begins between 18 and 24 months of age.

Which of the following usually signals that the struggle with death has been resolved, the need to talk about death ends, and silent companionship from others is frequently all the person desires?

The brain of a newborn baby has more dendrites and synapses than an adult brain.

The happiest people are those who have

The emotional reactions to death described by Kübler-Ross are

The single most important thing you might do for a dying person is to

Impoverished children tend to be sick more often and show poorer school performance.

Kanzi would be described as being generally satisfied with her life and reports having frequent positive emotions and relatively few negative emotions. Kanzi is exhibiting

In general, one's approach to dying

Mary is very satisfied with her life. She describes her life as "a sunny day with only an occasional dark cloud." Mary is exhibiting

Regarding the dying and their survivors, which of the following statements is FALSE?

When psychologists attribute development to nurture, they are referring to the effects of heredity.

Abby's mother has watched Abby progress in her development from attempting to pick up a ball using her arms and torso, to using her whole hands, and finally to using her fingertips, which illustrates cephalocaudal development.

Tony has resolved his struggle with dying and is neither happy nor sad, but at peace. At this point, all he desires is the companionship of his family and friends. Tony is exhibiting which emotional reaction to impeding death?

Melissa is visiting her aunt who is in the final stages of terminal cancer. While visiting her aunt, Melissa should do all of the following EXCEPT be

According to psychologist Diener and his associates, subjective well-being occurs when people are generally satisfied with their lives and

Regarding people's reactions to their impending death, which of the following statements is FALSE?