Question 1

The largest beneficiaries of affirmative action were_____.

Accepted Answer

White women have been among the largest beneficiaries of affirmative action policies, as these policies have opened up opportunities in education and employment that were previously more difficult for them to access.

Question 2

What is the historical context of the educational debt as discussed by Ladson-Billings? Give examples from the past.

Accepted Answer

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Question 3

According to Michael's story, "People with learning disabilities don't have to work harder. It doesn't take a genius to work in McDonald's." Which idea BEST represents the insight that Connor draws from this statement?

Accepted Answer

Michael's statement reflects his perceptions about the intersection of disability and social class, suggesting that his expectations about work are shaped by these intersecting identities.

Question 4

The hegemonic domain of power justifies the practices of power through a dominant ideology, or a system of ideas and beliefs that underlie common practices that permeate all levels of society. Through hegemonic justification_____.

Accepted Answer

Hegemonic justification leads to the internalization of dominant ideologies by oppressed people, making them see themselves through the lens of the classifications that deem them inferior, thus perpetuating the cycle of oppression.

Question 5

How does Ladson-Billings define the "achievement gap" frequently discussed in the United States?

Accepted Answer

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Question 6

Which of the following is a social determinant of health that can be studied intersectionally?

Accepted Answer

All of the options listed are examples of social determinants of health that can be analyzed through an intersectional lens, which considers multiple factors and their interactions, such as race, gender, socioeconomic status, and more, in influencing health outcomes.

Question 7

In analyzing the structural domain of Michael's story, Connor sees a recurring theme of_____________in Michael's comments about segregated classes, neighborhoods, and workplaces.

Accepted Answer

The recurring theme of "containment" is evident in Michael's comments about segregated classes, neighborhoods, and workplaces, as these examples all relate to the idea of keeping groups separate or contained within certain boundaries.

Question 8

In calling for the application of an intersectional health equity lens, López and Gadsden begin from the assumption that_____.

Accepted Answer

López and Gadsden's call for an intersectional health equity lens is based on the understanding that race, class, gender, and other social identities are interconnected and shape each other, influencing health outcomes and inequities. This perspective recognizes the complexity of factors contributing to health disparities beyond individual behaviors or biological predispositions.

Question 9

What is an implication of Perez et al.'s findings?

Accepted Answer

Perez et al.'s findings suggest that community involvement and volunteerism can have a positive impact on the achievement levels of undocumented students, indicating that schools may enhance these students' academic performance by fostering and organizing such activities.

Question 10

Which is NOT a finding reported by Perez et al. in "Academic Resilience Among Undocumented Latino Students"?

Accepted Answer

Perez et al. in "Academic Resilience Among Undocumented Latino Students" did not report that undocumented Latino youth have uniformly low levels of academic achievement regardless of environmental resources. Instead, their research highlighted the resilience and potential for academic success among undocumented Latino students despite the challenges they face.

Question 11

The primary reason we should be addressing the educational debt is ____________ .

Accepted Answer

The primary reason for addressing educational debt encompasses the impact it has on current educational progress, the value of understanding this debt in relation to past research findings, and the potential it holds for creating a more promising educational future.

Question 12

What are the various things discussed as contributing to the "achievement gap" in American education?

Accepted Answer

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Question 13

Why does Ladson-Billings argue that we, as a society, should not be focusing too specifically on the "achievement gap"?

Accepted Answer

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Question 14

David J. Connor sees Michael's statement, "The way they get your parent . . " as indicating the manipulative bureaucratic power that operates through special education evaluation meetings. This is part of the_____.

Accepted Answer

David J. Connor's interpretation of Michael's statement as indicative of manipulative bureaucratic power in special education evaluation meetings aligns with the concept of the disciplinary domain of power. This domain involves the regulation, surveillance, and correction of individuals within institutional settings, such as schools, which is consistent with Connor's critique of the special education system.

Question 15

By analyzing the interpersonal domain of power, Connor shows that intersections of inequality mean that_____.

Accepted Answer

Intersections of inequality involve multiple identities (e.g., race, gender, class), making it complex for individuals to discern which specific aspects of their identity are contributing to discriminatory treatment. This complexity is a key aspect of intersectionality theory, which posits that various forms of social stratification, such as race, class, and gender, do not exist separately from each other but are interwoven together.

Question 16

Which of the following is NOT representative of the kind of new health research that López and Gadsden hope an intersectional health equity approach will yield?

Accepted Answer

The correct answer is A because López and Gadsden's intersectional health equity approach focuses on understanding and addressing health disparities across various intersections of identity, such as race, gender, and socioeconomic status. Research into the stress of corporate management jobs increasing White men's risk of heart attacks does not align with this approach as it does not explicitly address health disparities among marginalized or underrepresented groups.

Question 17

The process of overcoming the negative effects of risk exposure, coping successfully with traumatic experiences, and avoiding negative trajectories associated with risks is known as psychological_____.

Accepted Answer

Psychological resilience refers to the ability to mentally or emotionally cope with a crisis or to return to pre-crisis status quickly. It involves overcoming the negative effects of stressors, including traumatic experiences, and is key to avoiding negative outcomes associated with exposure to risks.

Question 18

In "Michael's Story" David J. Connor values personal narrative because ____________ .

Accepted Answer

Connor values personal narrative as an authentic, political form of self-representation, emphasizing the importance of individuals telling their own stories to convey their experiences and perspectives.

Question 19

Perez et al.'s study reported in "Academic Resilience Among Undocumented Latino Students" focuses on the role of______.

Accepted Answer

Perez et al.'s study emphasizes the importance of protective resources in helping undocumented Latino students achieve academic success despite the challenges and stresses associated with their undocumented status.

Question 20

The risk factors faced by undocumented immigrant youth that can limit their academic achievement stem primarily from_____.

Accepted Answer

Undocumented immigrant youth often face institutional and societal exclusion and rejection due to their undocumented status, which can significantly limit their academic achievement by restricting their access to educational resources, support systems, and opportunities for higher education.

Quiz 3: Social Institutions and Social Issues