Question 1

Humans bred cows specialized for milk production by allowing female cows that produce large quantities of milk to mate only with male cows with mothers that also produced large quantities of milk, an example of _____________ selection.

Accepted Answer

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Question 2

Examine the figure below.
  
According to this figure, the cytochrome c gene of a dog is most similar in sequence to that of a ___________.

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The answer of Examine the figure below.
  
According to...

Question 3

Vestigial organs have important functions in many organisms.

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Question 4

Scientists disagree on whether evolution occurs.

Accepted Answer

The overwhelming majority of scientists agree that evolution occurs based on extensive scientific evidence. While there may be some disagreements about specific details and mechanisms of evolution, the scientific consensus is that it is a real and ongoing process.

Question 5

Evolutionary changes on a large scale are called ______________.

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Question 6

A(n) _______ is a characteristic of an organism that improves the performance of that organism in its environment, thus improving its reproductive success.

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Question 7

The fossils of organisms that existed when the continents were connected are distributed across _______ [more or fewer?] continents than the fossils of organisms that evolved after the continents separated.

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Question 8

Nonheritable genetic changes can cause evolution within a population.

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Question 9

Mutations occur _______ rather than in a predictable manner that ensures the survival of an individual.

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Question 10

Heritable differences among individuals are generated by _______.

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Question 11

Continental drift is the _______ of Earth's land masses through geologic time.

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Question 12

Two hundred million years ago all of the continents were part of a single giant land mass called ______.

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Question 13

Evolution can cause so many changes among individuals of two populations of the same species that eventually the members of the two populations are no longer able to _______ with each other, thus forming a new species.

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Question 14

Individuals in a given population are genetically identical.

Accepted Answer

Individuals in a given population are typically not genetically identical due to genetic variation, mutations, and recombination during reproduction.

Question 15

Observations of changes over many generations in agricultural crops, such as wild mustard, provide evidence for evolution.

Accepted Answer

Agricultural crops have been selectively bred by humans over many generations, leading to changes in their physical characteristics and genetics over time. This process of artificial selection is a form of evolutionary change, as the traits that are selected for become more common in the population over time. The example of wild mustard is often used to illustrate this process, as it has been selectively bred over thousands of years to produce a variety of different crops, including broccoli, cauliflower, and cabbage.

Question 16

_______ are the preserved remains of formerly living organisms.

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Question 17

The result of _______ _______over evolutionary time spans is that individual organisms with a particular trait survive and reproduce at a higher rate than other individuals.

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Question 18

In the phrase "survival of the fittest," the term "fittest" refers to the individual with the greatest physical strength.

Accepted Answer

In the phrase "survival of the fittest," the term "fittest" actually refers to the individual or species that is best adapted to its environment and therefore more likely to survive and reproduce. It does not necessarily refer to physical strength alone.

Question 19

The proteins and DNA of organisms that share a recent common ancestor are _______ [more or less?] similar than the proteins and DNA of organisms that do not share a recent common ancestor.

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The answer of The proteins and DNA of organisms that...

Question 20

Individuals evolve, not populations.

Accepted Answer

Individuals may possess certain traits that give them a greater chance of survival and reproduction, but the population as a whole evolves over time as the average frequency of these advantageous traits increases.

Quiz 16: How Evolution Works