Question 1

There are two types of justice
A) instant and delayed
B) equal and unfair
C) substantive and procedural
D) substandard and procedural

Accepted Answer

The two types of justice are substantive and procedural. Substantive justice refers to the fairness of the outcome or decision, while procedural justice refers to the fairness of the process or procedures used to reach that outcome or decision. This is the most widely accepted and recognized categorization of justice. The other options do not accurately represent the two types of justice.

Question 2

Two constantly converging possibilities are
A) fate and probability
B) imagination and reality
C) fate and choice
D) what is and what will be

Accepted Answer

Fate refers to predetermined events or outcomes, while choice refers to the ability to make decisions and have agency. These two concepts constantly converge as our actions and decisions can influence the course of our lives, but sometimes external factors or events outside of our control can also shape our outcomes. Probability and imagination involve elements of chance and creativity, respectively, but do not necessarily have the same inherent tension or interplay as fate and choice. What is and what will be are more abstract concepts that do not necessarily involve agency or predetermined outcomes in the same way as fate and choice.

Question 3

Police officers often think that they are constantly under scrutiny and being watched. But this is a myth. Discuss why police officers are taught to believe this myth-why it might be a good thing that many believe it and why it might be a bad thing. How does this discussion plug into our analysis of the importance of individual police officer character?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Police officers often think that they are...

Question 4

In Aristotle's terms, who are your exemplars? Who in the contemporary world are your role models? Discuss where and how we get our heroes today.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In Aristotle's terms, who are your exemplars?...

Question 5

Dealing with people justly and fairly is
A) necessary to keep a balance of different ideas of what is good and supporting ways of deciding indifferences
B) necessary to keep a balance of different ideas of what is good and supporting ways of deciding differences
C) necessary to keep an imbalance of different ideas of what is good and supporting ways of deciding differences
D) necessary to keep an imbalance of different ideas of what is good and supporting ways of deciding indifferences

Accepted Answer

Dealing with people justly and fairly is necessary to maintain a balance of different ideas and perspectives on what is good. This helps to ensure that everyone's voice is heard and that decisions are made in a fair and equitable manner. Supporting ways of deciding differences also helps to promote a democratic process and fosters a sense of community and belonging. Overall, fairness and justice are essential values that help to create a more harmonious and equitable society.

Question 6

A person's imagination
A) can limit their range of options
B) is unrelated to their options
C) is unaffected by outside factors
D) is unaffected by their personal experiences

Accepted Answer

A person's imagination may limit their range of options if they are not able to think beyond their own preconceived notions and beliefs. For example, if someone grew up believing that only certain careers were acceptable, their imagination may be limited when it comes to exploring different job opportunities.

Question 7

Humans adapt
A) through phototropism
B) through reaction
C) through redaction
D) through reflection

Accepted Answer

The answer of Humans adapt
A) through phototropism
B) through reaction
C) through...

Question 8

Circumstances in life
A) should trigger a natural range of response
B) should never dictate one's response
C) are irrelevant to one's response
D) should dictate the one and only correct response

Accepted Answer

Different circumstances in life can trigger different emotions and responses from individuals. While it is important to control our actions and reactions, it is natural to feel a certain way in response to certain circumstances. It is important to acknowledge our emotions and process them in a healthy way.

Question 9

Procedural justice encompasses
A) the rules of the game
B) society's specific rules of conduct
C) unfair playing conditions
D) society's individual rules of conduct

Accepted Answer

Procedural justice refers to the fairness of the procedures used to make decisions and enforce rules. It pertains to the rules of the game, or the process by which society's specific rules of conduct are implemented and enforced. Therefore, choice A is the best answer. Choices B and D are incorrect because they use the term "individual" instead of "specific," and choice C is incorrect because it refers to playing conditions, which are not relevant to the concept of procedural justice.

Question 10

Justice is
A) a moral concept
B) a legal concept
C) a Nicomachean concept
D) unrelated to satisfactory relationships

Accepted Answer

Justice is a moral concept because it deals with the fair and equitable treatment of individuals and groups in society.

Question 11

Justice is all of the following except
A) the requirement for fairness
B) always the same, regardless of the individuals or the circumstances
C) a moral concept
D) essential to the possibility of satisfactory relationships and to the possibility of the development of community between people

Accepted Answer

Justice is not always the same and can vary depending on the individuals and circumstances involved. It requires careful consideration and application of principles to ensure fairness and moral judgment, but it is not a fixed concept that never changes.

Question 12

The law must
A) have a conscience that keeps its operations consistent with American ideals of justice
B) be a living entity that is not stagnant but that responds to the heartbeat of life on the street, to people's hopes and dreams
C) be tempered with a feeling for life's circumstances that allows human empathy to modify its application
D) all of the above

Accepted Answer

All of the above choices are important components for a just and effective legal system. The law should have a conscience and be consistent with American ideals of justice, which include fairness, equality, and protection of individual liberties. It should also be responsive to the realities of people's lives and be informed by empathy and understanding of their circumstances. Finally, the law should not be stagnant but should evolve and adapt to changing social and cultural conditions. These three qualities together ensure that the law is fair, just, and effective in serving the needs and aspirations of the people it governs.

Question 13

Personality
A) consists of the innermost indicators of an individual's makeup
B) is an absolute indicator of the inner person
C) is another word for character
D) consists of the outermost indicators of an individual's makeup

Accepted Answer

The answer of Personality
A) consists of the innermost indicators of...

Question 14

The Declaration of Independence states that we have the right to "life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness." This idea of "happiness" is analogous to that of "the good," which we have been discussing here. We each define it for ourselves. What do you define as "the good" in your life? What are your long-terms goals? What would you like your life to look like in the future?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The Declaration of Independence states that we...

Question 15

A rather critical differentiation is made between "equality of treatment" and "justice." Create your own examples of how justice might not be served by equal treatment. How might injustice be created by treating people in exactly equal ways?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A rather critical differentiation is made between...

Question 16

The nature of one's original community builds in a
A) false sense of security
B) demand for some form of justice or fair treatment
C) demand for some form of injustice or unfair treatment
D) language barrier

Accepted Answer

One's original community often instills a sense of belonging and familiarity, but it can also create a demand for justice or fair treatment as individuals seek to maintain their rights and values within that community.

Question 17

When police officers decide to ignore deviance and leave people alone
A) their decision is reviewed by their supervisors
B) they are applying ethical formalism
C) they are applying absolutism
D) their actions are not reviewed by others

Accepted Answer

When police officers decide to ignore deviance and leave people alone, their actions may not be reviewed by others because they are not actively intervening in the situation. However, if their decision is deemed unethical or leads to negative consequences, it may be reviewed in hindsight. This approach could be seen as a form of discretion, where the officers are using their judgment to determine if intervention is necessary in a particular situation.

Question 18

Consider Aristotle's list of "the virtues." Do you agree with his conceptualization? Would you add anything to this list? For example, he does not specifically discuss integrity, which many people have always believed is an additional, absolutely critical element of good character. To have integrity is to live one's life in agreement with one's philosophy. To be hypocritical is to lack integrity. Or what about kindness? Isn't kindness toward others another critical element of good character?
Construct an essay that discusses what you might add to this ancient list. (Instructors: Have your class share and discuss their conceptualizations of this Aristotelian concept of "the virtues" and of what other ideas your students might wish to add to it.)

Accepted Answer

The answer of Consider Aristotle's list of "the virtues." Do...

Question 19

Integrity is
A) a whole number
B) unimportant in police work
C) that characteristic of wholeness, unity, and completeness
D) the source of grits

Accepted Answer

Integrity refers to the quality of being honest and having strong moral principles. It is often associated with the sense of wholeness, unity, and completeness in one's character or actions. Therefore, choice C is the correct answer, while choices A, B, and D are incorrect.

Question 20

When examining our own personal histories, our recollections are always colored
A) with fear
B) with clouded judgment
C) with Crayola crayons
D) with a sense of unrealized possibilities, by the things that might have been

Accepted Answer

Our personal recollections often involve reflecting on what could have been, highlighting a sense of unrealized possibilities.

Quiz 5: What Is Character

There are two types of justice

Two constantly converging possibilities are

In Aristotle's terms, who are your exemplars? Who in the contemporary world are your role models? Discuss where and how we get our heroes today.

Dealing with people justly and fairly is

A person's imagination

Humans adapt

Circumstances in life

Procedural justice encompasses

Justice is

Justice is all of the following except

The law must

Personality

A rather critical differentiation is made between "equality of treatment" and "justice." Create your own examples of how justice might not be served by equal treatment. How might injustice be created by treating people in exactly equal ways?

The nature of one's original community builds in a

When police officers decide to ignore deviance and leave people alone

Integrity is

When examining our own personal histories, our recollections are always colored