Question 1

Doubt or skepticism about theories until they have been scientifically tested is known as a __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Doubt or skepticism about theories until they...

Question 2

The scientific method of explanation develops and tests theories about how __________ facts or events are related.

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The answer of The scientific method of explanation develops and...

Question 3

Ethnography is the systematic description of a society's

Accepted Answer

Ethnography involves a detailed study and observation of a particular society's customary behaviors, beliefs, and attitudes. It aims to understand the social and cultural structures that shape the lives of individuals within that society. Ethnographers employ various methods such as participant observations, interviews, and surveys to collect data for analysis. While the built environment, potential for development, and history of social change can be aspects of a society that are studied by ethnographers, they are not the main focus of the discipline.

Question 4

A push poll really constitutes more of a campaign tactic than a scientific public opinion survey. Which of the following is a tactic used during push polls to sway opinion for a particular candidate or position?

Accepted Answer

Push polls use loaded or leading questions to sway opinions rather than to gather unbiased data. A loaded question is worded in a way that suggests a particular answer, while a leading question is phrased in a way that subtly suggests a preferred response.

Question 5

In the social sciences, case studies sometimes help future researchers analyze similar situations to

Accepted Answer

Case studies are used to inform the future by providing insights, understanding and guidance for future research, policy and practice. By analyzing similar situations and their outcomes, researchers can learn from past mistakes, identify successful strategies and make informed decisions to improve future situations. While case studies may contribute to promoting social change or ending social problems, their primary purpose is to provide information and generate knowledge. Preventing war is not necessarily a focus of social science case studies.

Question 6

Ethnographic studies are usually produced by social scientists from which discipline?

Accepted Answer

Ethnographic studies typically focus on the analysis and interpretation of cultural practices and beliefs. Anthropology, as a discipline, emphasizes the study of human cultures and societies, making it the most likely discipline for producing ethnographic studies. While sociology and psychology may also incorporate ethnographic methods, anthropology is the most closely associated discipline with this type of research. Philosophy, while it may intersect with cultural analysis, is not typically associated with the production of ethnographic studies.

Question 7

Explain the relationship between the sample and the universe?

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Question 8

Explain the scientific method.

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Question 9

A case study is an in-depth investigation of a particular event in order to understand it as fully as possible. Which of the following would NOT be the focus of a case study?

Accepted Answer

A case study typically focuses on a single entity or specific event, such as a decision, town, or society. All businesses in a single town would be too broad of a scope for a case study, as it would likely involve too many different entities and events to analyze in depth.

Question 10

Ethnographic studies are usually produced by __________ who have spent time living with, interviewing, and observing the people of a society.

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Question 11

Few people are willing to admit that they know nothing about the topic or that they really have "no opinion." They believe they should provide an answer even if they have little interest in the topic itself. The result is that polls often seem to

Accepted Answer

Polls can create public opinion by prompting individuals to form an opinion on a topic they previously had no interest in or knowledge about, as they feel compelled to provide an answer.

Question 12

Each person in the universe having an equal chance of being selected in the sample for interviewing occurs in a __________.

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Question 13

Careful reports from field research can provide qualitative information that is often missing from experimental and survey research. Field researchers can observe and report on which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Field researchers can observe and report on attitudes, myths, and symbols, making option D the best choice.

Question 14

Why does the scientific method deal only with empirical facts and events?

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Question 15

Field research often involves participant observation, during which the researcher both observes and participates in the society being studied. Which of the following is an ethical issue of the participant researcher?

Accepted Answer

The ethical issue revolves around whether or not the researcher should disclose their identity as a researcher to the participants. This is crucial because it touches on issues of consent, trust, and the potential influence the researcher's presence may have on the behavior of those being studied.

Question 16

Participant observation in field research most often leads to which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Participant observation in field research often involves ethical dilemmas because the researcher is interacting and possibly interfering with the natural behavior of the participants. This can lead to concerns about informed consent, deception, and privacy. While participant observation can provide rich and detailed data, there may be some concerns about the generalizability and validity of the findings.

Question 17

A(n) __________ applies to every circumstance.

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The answer of A(n) __________ applies to every circumstance....

Question 18

___________ reflects the range of responses in which a 95 percent chance exists that the sample reflects the universe.

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The answer of ___________ reflects the range of responses in...

Question 19

What is the difference between a universal statement and a probabilistic statement?

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Question 20

Explain why the classic scientific research design uses both an experimental group and a control group.

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Quiz 2: Social Sciences and the Scientific Method