Question 1

People who receive extremely low scores on IQ tests almost always perform better the second time around.This pattern can be attributed to ________________.

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The answer of People who receive extremely low scores on...

Question 2

Once a dieter has slipped up and indulged at the ice cream shop, he or she is likely to engage in ________________.

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The answer of Once a dieter has slipped up and...

Question 3

Suppose that you are trying to guess how much money a co-worker of yours makes.You have no idea how much she makes off-hand.To try to guess, you start with your own salary and then add on a few rands since she has been at your workplace longer than you have.That is, you make use of the ________________ heuristic.

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The answer of Suppose that you are trying to guess...

Question 4

The ________________ fallacy refers to the false belief that it is better not to change one's first answer even if one starts to think that a different answer is correct.

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The answer of The ________________ fallacy refers to the false...

Question 5

The term ________________ was coined to refer to people's general unwillingness to do much extra conscious thinking (i.e., people's mental 'laziness').

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The answer of The term ________________ was coined to refer...

Question 6

There are a number of heuristics, errors, and biases upon which people routinely rely that suggest that they are not naturally skilled at making estimates of statistical probabilities.Identify and discuss at least three of these.

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The answer of There are a number of heuristics, errors,...

Question 7

Recent research suggests that the basic distinction people make in attribution processes is between _________________ and _________________ behaviour.

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The answer of Recent research suggests that the basic distinction...

Question 8

Within the field of social cognition, the term ________________ essentially refers to schemas that are about events.

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The answer of Within the field of social cognition, the...

Question 9

Hilda is on a low carbohydrate diet, which restricts her from eating foods such as white bread, potato chips, and porridge.The more Hilda thinks about the fact that she cannot eat such foods, however, the more desperately she begins to crave them.Social psychologists refer to this kind of pattern as a(n) __________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Hilda is on a low carbohydrate diet,...

Question 10

The first instinct fallacy refers to the false belief that it is better not to change one's first answer even if one starts to think that a different answer is correct.

Accepted Answer

The first instinct fallacy is indeed the belief that one's initial answer on a test or decision is more likely to be correct than a later changed answer, despite evidence showing that changes from wrong to right answers are more common than changes from right to wrong.

Question 11

The actor-observer bias holds that actors tend to make _________________ attributions.

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The answer of The actor-observer bias holds that actors tend...

Question 12

Define scripts and schemas, explain how they enable us to better process information, and give an example of each.

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The answer of Define scripts and schemas, explain how they...

Question 13

The state of having too much information to make a decision or remain informed about a topic is known as ________________.

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The answer of The state of having too much information...

Question 14

What sorts of cognitive biases do people engage in that help them to feel better about themselves (i.e., what cognitive biases work to satisfy the motivation for self-enhancement)?

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The answer of What sorts of cognitive biases do people...

Question 15

Social psychologists call how information is presented to others ________________, while politicians call it ________________.

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The answer of Social psychologists call how information is presented...

Question 16

When the illusory correlation occurs after only one exposure to a behaviour performed by a member of an unfamiliar group, the ________________ has occurred.

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The answer of When the illusory correlation occurs after only...

Question 17

The tendency to judge the frequency or likelihood of an event by the ease with which relevant instances come to mind is called the ________________ heuristic.

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The answer of The tendency to judge the frequency or...

Question 18

Describe the ironic consequences of thought suppression, and what strategies might work better to accomplish that same goal.

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The answer of Describe the ironic consequences of thought suppression,...

Question 19

Paulina is three years old.She is just beginning to understand concepts such as 'dog', 'cat', 'chair', and 'sofa', and to understand how these concepts differ from one another.In other words, she is just beginning to develop ________________.

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The answer of Paulina is three years old.She is just...

Question 20

Define and give an example of three heuristics that are discussed in the textbook.

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The answer of Define and give an example of three...

Quiz 5: Social Cognition