Question 1

___________most children begin to be bothered when things do not match with learned expectations.

Accepted Answer

According to developmental psychology, children typically begin to develop a sense of cognitive schemas and expectations at around two years old. This means that they may start to become bothered when things do not match up with what they have learned and expect to see or experience.

Question 2

According to George Herbert Mead, the _______________ takes chances and violates expectations.

Accepted Answer

Mead believed that the "I" is the spontaneous, impulsive aspect of the self that takes risks and deviates from social norms and expectations.

Question 3

______________ refers to the environment or the interaction experiences that make up every individual's life.

Accepted Answer

Nurture refers to the external influences that shape an individual's development and behavior, including their upbringing, socialization, and experiences. Nature, on the other hand, refers to an individual's inherent genetic and biological traits. Engram and internalization are not directly related to this concept.

Question 4

From the sociological point of view, Mead viewed play and games as important to children's social development because they

Accepted Answer

Mead believed that through play and games, children learn to take the role of the other, which is a fundamental aspect of developing social skills and understanding the perspectives of others. Play and games also provide opportunities for children to practice interaction, cooperation, and conflict resolution with their peers, all of which are important in social development. Agility, motor skills, and mental toughness may also be developed through play and games, but they are not the main focus of Mead's sociological perspective.

Question 5

A student expressed her shock over a test mark by exclaiming to the class and professor, 'A 50! I skipped two classes to study for this stupid test!' George Herbert Mead would argue that this remark is a product of the student's

Accepted Answer

The student's remark is a product of her "I", which is the subjective, immediate experience of the self.

Question 6

Thandeka's parents introduced her to soccer as soon as she was able to walk.This strategy corresponds to

Accepted Answer

Thandeka's parents introducing her to soccer is an example of nurture, as they are guiding her development and shaping her interests through their actions and influence. Nature refers to genetic or biological factors that influence behavior, while social contact and internalisation are not the best fit for this scenario.

Question 7

In this stage, children have not yet developed the mental capabilities that allow them to role-take.This stage is the

Accepted Answer

The preparatory stage is the first stage of George Herbert Mead's theory of socialization, which occurs in early childhood before the age of three. This stage is characterized by children being unable to take on the perspectives of others and they primarily interact with the world through their own senses and actions. This lack of ability to role-take is what distinguishes this stage from the play stage, where children begin to develop this skill. Thus, option B is the best choice.

Question 8

During a sociology class, Bandile gets a text message from his friend.He knows the teacher expects students to refrain from texting in class so he ignores the text until the end of class.George Herbert Mead would argue that this behaviour is a product of the student's

Accepted Answer

According to George Herbert Mead's theory of the self, the "me" represents the socialized self, which is aware of the expectations and norms of society. In this scenario, Bandile's decision to ignore the text message and refrain from texting in class is a result of his understanding of the teacher's expectations and norms regarding classroom behavior, which aligns with the "me" aspect of his self.

Question 9

The part of the human brain that allows us to organise, remember, communicate, understand, and create is

Accepted Answer

The cerebral cortex is responsible for a variety of higher order brain functions including organizing sensory input, processing language, understanding complex ideas, and creating new ideas. It plays a crucial role in human behavior, thought, and emotion.

Question 10

According to George Herbert Mead, the 'me' is the part of the self that

Accepted Answer

According to Mead, the 'me' is the socialized aspect of the self that develops through imitation, play, and games. It is the part that is shaped by social expectations and norms.

Question 11

Babies are able to babble the sounds needed to speak all languages

Accepted Answer

Babies are able to babble the sounds needed to speak all languages in the first months of life, as they explore and experiment with the sounds they can produce with their mouth and vocal cords. They will eventually start to mimic the sounds they hear around them, and their babbling will become more and more language-specific as they continue to develop their language skills.

Question 12

According to George Herbert Mead, the key to role-taking is

Accepted Answer

Role-taking involves self-awareness, as it requires an individual to understand and assume the perspective of others, which is central to Mead's theory of social interaction.

Question 13

Thandi sits at the computer, mimicking the behaviour of her mother with no real understanding of what she is doing.Thandi's family encourages this by telling her how cute she is.Thandi is in the

Accepted Answer

In the preparatory stage, children mimic or imitate others, often their parents, without understanding the behaviors they are imitating. This is a foundational stage in the development of self, according to George Herbert Mead's theory of social self. Thandi's actions fit this description, as she is copying her mother's behavior at the computer without real comprehension.

Question 14

George Herbert Mead maintained that children acquire a sense of self when they 'become objects to themselves'.This means that

Accepted Answer

According to Mead, children develop a sense of self when they become aware of themselves as objects to others and imagine how others perceive them. This involves being able to imagine how their words and actions affect others, which is captured in option C. Mimicry and imitation (A) may be part of the process, but they alone do not capture the development of a sense of self. While a connection with a caring adult may be important for child development more broadly, it is not specifically related to Mead's theory of the development of self. The idea of a "spontaneous, creative self" (B) is not explicitly part of Mead's theory.

Question 15

Language, facial expressions, tone of voice, and posture are all examples of

Accepted Answer

Language, facial expressions, tone of voice, and posture are all examples of significant symbols, which are objects, gestures, sounds, or body movements that stand for something else and are widely understood within a culture. These symbols allow for communication and social interaction between individuals. Socialisation is the process by which individuals learn and adopt the norms, values, and beliefs of their culture. Reflexive thinking involves using past experiences to guide present actions and future decision-making. Role taking is the process by which individuals take on the perspectives and expectations of others and adjust their behavior accordingly.

Question 16

The process by which people take as their own and accept as binding the norms, values, beliefs, and language needed to participate in the larger community is termed

Accepted Answer

Internalisation refers to the process of accepting and adopting the norms, values, beliefs, and language of a larger community as one's own. Adaption may refer to the process of adjusting to a new environment, but does not necessarily involve accepting the norms and values of the larger community. Assimilation refers to the process of blending into a larger community and adopting its norms and values, but may involve giving up one's own cultural identity. Acculturation refers to the exchange of cultural features between two groups and the resulting changes in either or both cultures, but does not necessarily involve individuals accepting and adopting the norms and values of the larger community.

Question 17

A small boy tells his mother he wants a Barbie doll for Christmas.His mother tells him that dolls are for girls.This exchange constitutes

Accepted Answer

This exchange constitutes socialisation, as the mother is teaching the child about gender norms and expectations. The child is learning what is considered appropriate behavior and interests for their gender through interactions with their caregiver.

Question 18

Nature refers to __________, and nurture refers to _________.

Accepted Answer

Nature refers to the genetic or hereditary factors that influence who we are—from our physical appearance to our personality characteristics. Nurture refers to the environmental variables that impact our development, including our early childhood experiences, how we were raised, our social relationships, and our surrounding culture.

Question 19

Socialisation takes hold through a process known as

Accepted Answer

Socialisation involves the process of internalisation, where an individual internalises the norms, values and beliefs of their culture or society. This process begins in childhood and continues throughout life. Through socialisation, individuals learn how to behave in a socially acceptable way and develop a sense of self and identity that is shaped by their environment. Nature (B) refers to the genetic and biological factors that influence an individual's development, while nurture (C) refers to the environmental factors that shape an individual's development. Social contact (D) is a necessary component of socialisation, but it is not the only factor involved in the process.

Question 20

__________ is the term for human genetic makeup or biological inheritance.

Accepted Answer

The term for human genetic makeup or biological inheritance is called "nature." This refers to the biological factors that influence a person's physical and behavioral traits.

Quiz 5: Culture and Socialisation