Question 1

Which statement best summarizes the fundamental argument in Hernando do Soto's work?

Accepted Answer

D

Question 2

What explanation would Francis Fukuyama most likely give for the difficulty in establishing liberal democracies in Iraq or Afghanistan?

Accepted Answer

Fukuyama would most likely point to the fact that not enough time has passed for the development of an institutional balance in Iraq or Afghanistan, which is necessary for the establishment of a stable liberal democracy.

Question 3

Who wrote The Mystery of Capital?

Accepted Answer

Hernando de Soto wrote The Mystery of Capital, exploring the importance of property rights and legal systems in promoting economic development.

Question 4

Where is the Balkan Peninsula?

Accepted Answer

The Balkan Peninsula is located in southeastern Europe.

Question 5

What was Peter Frank referring to with the words "unshakable structure"?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What was Peter Frank referring to with...

Question 6

Which term refers to the process by which democracy takes root and becomes formalized?

Accepted Answer

Consolidation refers to the process by which democracy takes root and becomes formalized. This includes the establishment of democratic institutions, the rule of law, and the development of a democratic culture. Consociationalism refers to a system of government that seeks to accommodate diverse interests and identities, while concurrent majority refers to the idea that decisions should require the agreement of a majority of different groups or interests. Direct democracy refers to a form of government in which citizens make direct decisions on policy.

Question 7

According to Larry Diamond,what is much of the developing world now characterized by?

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to Larry Diamond,what is much of...

Question 8

According to authors such as Larry Diamond and Iris Marion Young,which of the following is NOT necessary in the transitional process or in a full-fledged practising democracy?

Accepted Answer

Larry Diamond and Iris Marion Young argue that an educated elite is not a necessary requirement for the transitional process or for a full-fledged practicing democracy. However, the other three factors (strong civil society, democratic dialogue, and state institutions) are considered essential for the success of democracy.

Question 9

According to Larry Diamond,what state has the world slipped into?

Accepted Answer

Larry Diamond argues that the world has slipped into a "democratic recession," characterized by a decline in the number of democracies globally and a rise in authoritarianism. This is not the same as chaos or economic depression, and while some countries may be experiencing elements of totalitarianism, it is not a global trend.

Question 10

Which of the following examples fits closest with the argument of Iris Marion Young?

Accepted Answer

Iris Marion Young's argument is primarily centered around the concept of oppression and how it is perpetuated through systemic and institutional means. The conflict between Tamils and Sinhalese in Sri Lanka is a clear example of how systemic oppression can result in violent conflict between different groups. The other examples listed are certainly examples of injustice, but they do not directly relate to the ideas presented in Young's work.

Question 11

Which of the following situations would Larry Diamond NOT use as an example of democratic recession?

Accepted Answer

Larry Diamond would not use a situation where a developing country is unable to afford public goods as an example of democratic recession. This situation is not related to the erosion of democratic institutions or processes.

Question 12

What was Amartya Sen's argument about economic development?

Accepted Answer

Amartya Sen's argument about economic development is that it must expand human capabilities and the real freedom that people enjoy. He believes that economic development should not only focus on increasing income, but also on improving education, healthcare, and gender equality. Sen argues that true economic development should empower people to choose and pursue their own goals, rather than simply providing them with material goods or infrastructure.

Question 13

Given international experience with fraudulent elections,which of the following would best indicate that elections were free and fair?

Accepted Answer

The peaceful transition of power from the opposition party to the governing party indicates that the elections were conducted fairly and that the will of the people has been respected. This is a critical component of free and fair elections. The other options do not necessarily indicate fair elections - high voter turnout could be due to coercion or manipulation, the presence of diverse voters does not guarantee fairness, and the incumbent winning does not necessarily indicate a legitimate election.

Question 14

Which term refers to the phenomenon of strong and parochial ties between ethnic,religious,and national groups that leads to the disintegration of the political order due to conflict among such groups?

Accepted Answer

Balkanization is the term that refers to the phenomenon of strong and parochial ties between ethnic, religious, and national groups that leads to the disintegration of the political order due to conflict among such groups. This term comes from the Balkan Peninsula, which experienced conflicts between different ethnic and religious groups in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, leading to the breakup of the Ottoman Empire and the formation of new nation-states. The term is now used more broadly to describe the fragmentation of a larger political entity into smaller, often antagonistic, subgroups.

Question 15

Which term refers to the successful transition to democracy?

Accepted Answer

The term that refers to the successful transition to democracy is democratization. This process involves the establishment of democratic institutions, values, and practices within a society. Other options such as democratic surplus, constitutionalization, and nationalization do not refer specifically to the transition to democracy.

Question 16

What argument did the book The Third Wave make?

Accepted Answer

The book The Third Wave argues that we are in the midst of a great epoch of democratization that began in 1974, with countries transitioning from authoritarianism to democracy.

Question 17

Which of the following conclusions can be drawn from Benazir Bhutto's writing?

Accepted Answer

Throughout her writing, Benazir Bhutto emphasizes the importance of reconciling Islamic values with democratic values in order to create a more stable and peaceful society. She argues that it is possible to find common ground between the two and that religions with values similar to democratic values can coexist with liberal democracy. She does not argue that Islam is inherently incompatible with liberal democracy or that a return to traditional, fundamentalist beliefs will end conflict within Islam. While she acknowledges that religion can pose challenges for liberal democracy, she does not suggest that all religion poses a challenge.

Question 18

An important example of the rule of law is the principle that the government cannot incarcerate individuals and let them languish in prison; they must be charged and tried in court or released.What is the term for this principle?

Accepted Answer

The principle described in the question is known as habeas corpus, which is the legal right for individuals to challenge their detention or imprisonment in court. It ensures that the government cannot arbitrarily detain individuals without a trial or due process of law.

Question 19

Which of the following examples would best support Seymour Martin Lipset's argument about democratization?

Accepted Answer

Larry Diamond's observation aligns with Seymour Martin Lipset's argument about democratization, which suggests that economic development and social changes are conducive to democracy. Diamond's observation about authoritarian governments rewarding friends and hoarding wealth for personal gains illustrates the kind of governance and societal structure that democratization seeks to reform, highlighting the contrast between authoritarian regimes and democratic ideals.

Question 20

After rigorous debate in the legislature,which included statements from special-interest and minority groups,a proposed government bill on banking regulations is defeated in the House of Commons.What is this an example of?

Accepted Answer

The answer of After rigorous debate in the legislature,which included...

Quiz 18: Transitions to Democracy