Question 1

Which visual ability is best developed in neonates?

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that neonates have a preference for faces and can discriminate between different facial expressions shortly after birth. This ability is important for forming early bonds with caregivers and social interaction. Clarity of vision, depth perception, and color perception are not fully developed in neonates and continue to develop throughout infancy.

Question 2

Research has shown that the best-known method of reducing the risk of SIDS is

Accepted Answer

Placing infants on their backs to sleep has been shown to greatly reduce the risk of SIDS. Breastfeeding is also beneficial but not as effective as placing infants on their backs for sleep. Having blankets and stuffed toys in cribs can increase the risk of suffocation and should be avoided. Sleeping with parents can also increase the risk of SIDS and is not recommended.

Question 3

Which of the following soothing techniques do mothers use most often with newborns?

Accepted Answer

Holding and rocking is the most common soothing technique used by mothers with newborns. This is because it mimics the experience of being in the womb where the baby is constantly moving and being held. It has also been shown to have calming effects on the infant's heart rate and stress levels. Feeding and pacifying may be used in conjunction with holding and rocking, but on its own, it may not always be effective in soothing a baby. Distracting and vocalizing may also be used, but they are not as commonly used as holding and rocking.

Question 4

Studies have suggested that when newborns are exposed to pain, they

Accepted Answer

Studies have indicated that newborns exposed to pain may have an increased sensitivity to pain later in life. This is thought to be due to changes in the nervous system that occur as a result of early painful experiences.

Question 5

SIDS is

Accepted Answer

SIDS stands for sudden infant death syndrome, which is the sudden and unexplained death of an apparently healthy infant. It is not a teratogen, developmental stage or a disease.

Question 6

Some Native American tribes believe that swaddling an infant and placing him or her in a pouch or on a cradle board stabilizes body temperature and can result in the infant getting more _______ stimulation.

Accepted Answer

Swaddling an infant and placing them in a position where their movement is restricted but their vision is unobstructed allows for enhanced visual stimulation. They can observe their surroundings more effectively, which is crucial for visual development.

Question 7

Mendel's findings led to the law of segregation, which states that for each inherited trait, there are two elements of heredity.

Accepted Answer

Mendel's law of segregation states that there are two elements of heredity for each inherited trait, specifically one inherited from each parent.

Question 8

Newborns recognize their mother and father's voices because

Accepted Answer

The answer of Newborns recognize their mother and father's voices...

Question 9

The bidirectional relationship between child and environment, which will shape the course of development, begins

Accepted Answer

The bidirectional relationship between child and environment begins before birth because the child is already influenced by the mother's environment and experiences in the womb.

Question 10

Distracting an infant is an effective soothing technique when ___

Accepted Answer

The answer of Distracting an infant is an effective soothing...

Question 11

Which of the following is not a classification of human reflexes?

Accepted Answer

The classification of human reflexes includes reflexes that disappear during the first year of life and never return, reflexes that are permanent throughout life, and reflexes that are composed of behaviors that are initially reflexive but become voluntary with time. There is no classification of reflexes that disappear during the first year of life and return in adolescence.

Question 12

The genes a person has for a trait are called the phenotype.

Accepted Answer

The genes a person has for a trait are called the genotype. The phenotype is the physical expression of the genotype.

Question 13

An infant's grasping reflex disappears

Accepted Answer

The grasping reflex typically disappears within 4 to 6 months in infants.

Question 14

Developmental psychologists do not focus much on the behavior of

Accepted Answer

The answer of Developmental psychologists do not focus much on...

Question 15

Sucking and rooting reflexes have value for an infant's

Accepted Answer

The answer of Sucking and rooting reflexes have value for...

Question 16

Infants develop a clear preference for sweet tastes

Accepted Answer

Infants develop a preference for sweet tastes in the womb, as evidenced by prenatal flavor exposure research showing that flavors from the mother's diet can be transmitted to amniotic fluid and swallowed by the fetus, influencing taste preferences after birth.

Question 17

Infants' crying bouts typically peak and then diminish when they are about

Accepted Answer

Infants' crying bouts typically peak around 5 or 6 weeks old and then gradually diminish as they grow older and develop more effective ways of communicating their needs and as their caregivers become more adept at meeting those needs.

Question 18

A relatively weak and rhythmic type of crying by infants signals

Accepted Answer

A weak and rhythmic crying pattern in infants is usually associated with hunger, as it is a signal for the need for food. Pain crying is usually louder and more urgent in nature, while attention-seeking crying may be more variable in intensity and tone. Anger crying may also be more intense and have a harsher tone.

Question 19

During meiosis, chromosomes do not duplicate themselves during the second division of cells.

Accepted Answer

Meiosis involves two rounds of division, but chromosomes are not duplicated during the second division. Instead, the cells produced by the first division (meiosis I) proceed directly into meiosis II, where they are divided again to produce four haploid cells.

Question 20

Which of the following neonatal reflexes is permanent?

Accepted Answer

The withdrawal from pain reflex is a permanent reflex that helps protect the body from harm by automatically withdrawing from painful stimuli. The other reflexes listed (rooting, swimming, climbing) are all primitive reflexes that disappear within the first few months of life as the infant's nervous system matures.

Quiz 3: Genetics, Prenatal Development, and the Neonate