Question 1

Match the correct statement about sodium reabsorption by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all):
-subject to hormonal control
A)sodium reabsorption in the distal and collecting tubules
B)sodium reabsorption in the proximal tubule
C)sodium reabsorption coupled with chloride reabsorption in the loop of Henle

Accepted Answer

Sodium reabsorption in the distal and collecting tubules is subject to hormonal control, specifically by aldosterone. In response to low blood pressure or low sodium levels, aldosterone is released and stimulates the reabsorption of sodium in these tubules. Reabsorption in the proximal tubule and coupling with chloride reabsorption in the loop of Henle are not subject to hormonal control.

Question 2

Match the renal structure or activity with the correct characteristic by using the answer code: -proximal tubule A)collecting tubules empty into this structure B)stores the urine C)passage of substances from the peritubular into the tubular lumen D)carries blood to the glomerulus E)tuft of capillaries that forms the filtrate F)passage of protein-free plasma into Bowman's capsule G)urine is forced through this structure by peristalsis H)collects the glomerular filtrate I)passage of substances from the tubular lumen into the peritubular capillaries J)functional unit of the kidney K)supplies the renal tissue with O₂ and nutrients L)carries blood from one capillary network to another capillary network M)tube through which urine leaves the body N)variable water and sodium reabsorption occur here under hormonal control O)responsible for the vertical osmotic gradient in the medulla of the kidney P)glucose and amino acid reabsorption occur here

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the renal structure or activity with...

Question 3

Match the correct statement about sodium reabsorption by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all):
-represents 67 percent of Na⁺ reabsorbed
A)sodium reabsorption in the distal and collecting tubules
B)sodium reabsorption in the proximal tubule
C)sodium reabsorption coupled with chloride reabsorption in the loop of Henle

Accepted Answer

Sodium reabsorption in the proximal tubule represents 67 percent of Na⁺ reabsorbed.

Question 4

Match the correct statement about sodium reabsorption by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all):
-represents 25 percent of Na⁺ reabsorbed
A)sodium reabsorption in the distal and collecting tubules
B)sodium reabsorption in the proximal tubule
C)sodium reabsorption coupled with chloride reabsorption in the loop of Henle

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the correct statement about sodium reabsorption...

Question 5

Match the correct statement about sodium reabsorption by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all):
-represents 8 percent of Na⁺ reabsorbed
A)sodium reabsorption in the distal and collecting tubules
B)sodium reabsorption in the proximal tubule
C)sodium reabsorption coupled with chloride reabsorption in the loop of Henle

Accepted Answer

Sodium reabsorption in the distal and collecting tubules represents about 8 percent of Na⁺ reabsorbed.

Question 6

Match the renal structure or activity with the correct characteristic by using the answer code: -glomerular filtration A)collecting tubules empty into this structure B)stores the urine C)passage of substances from the peritubular into the tubular lumen D)carries blood to the glomerulus E)tuft of capillaries that forms the filtrate F)passage of protein-free plasma into Bowman's capsule G)urine is forced through this structure by peristalsis H)collects the glomerular filtrate I)passage of substances from the tubular lumen into the peritubular capillaries J)functional unit of the kidney K)supplies the renal tissue with O₂ and nutrients L)carries blood from one capillary network to another capillary network M)tube through which urine leaves the body N)variable water and sodium reabsorption occur here under hormonal control O)responsible for the vertical osmotic gradient in the medulla of the kidney P)glucose and amino acid reabsorption occur here

Accepted Answer

Glomerular filtration is the bulk flow of protein-free plasma from capillaries into Bowman's capsule in the kidney, which is important for the initial stage of urine formation.

Answer: J
 A nephron is the long, slender, tubular unit in the vertebrate kidney that forms urine.

Answer: M
 Passive transport of water and active and passive transport of solutes occur in the nephron, with solutes moving out of the nephron into the peritubular capillaries. This process is important for maintaining electrolyte and water balance in the body.

Answer: O
 Vasopressin, also known as antidiuretic hormone (ADH), is released from the posterior lobe of the pituitary in response to signals from the hypothalamus. It plays a key role in regulating water balance in the body by increasing water reabsorption in the kidneys.

Answer: L
 Aldosterone is a hormone that is secreted by the adrenal glands and influences sodium reabsorption in the kidneys. It helps to maintain electrolyte balance in the body.

Question 7

Match the renal structure or activity with the correct characteristic by using the answer code: -renal pelvis A)collecting tubules empty into this structure B)stores the urine C)passage of substances from the peritubular into the tubular lumen D)carries blood to the glomerulus E)tuft of capillaries that forms the filtrate F)passage of protein-free plasma into Bowman's capsule G)urine is forced through this structure by peristalsis H)collects the glomerular filtrate I)passage of substances from the tubular lumen into the peritubular capillaries J)functional unit of the kidney K)supplies the renal tissue with O₂ and nutrients L)carries blood from one capillary network to another capillary network M)tube through which urine leaves the body N)variable water and sodium reabsorption occur here under hormonal control O)responsible for the vertical osmotic gradient in the medulla of the kidney P)glucose and amino acid reabsorption occur here

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the renal structure or activity with...

Question 8

MATCHING
Match the renal function with the correct characteristic by using the answer code:
-tubular reabsorption
A)movement of substances from the peritubular capillary blood into the tubular lumen
B)movement of substances from the glomerular capillary blood into the tubular lumen
C)everything filtered or secreted that is not subsequently reabsorbed
D)movement of substances from the tubular lumen into the peritubular capillary blood

Accepted Answer

Tubular reabsorption refers to the process in the nephron where substances are actively or passively transported from the nephron tubules back into the peritubular capillaries. This process involves both the passive transport of water and the active and passive transport of solutes out of the nephron into the peritubular capillaries.

Answer: J
 A nephron is a long, slender, tubular unit in the vertebrate kidney that forms urine. The nephron is made up of several regions, including the glomerulus, Bowman's capsule, proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, and distal convoluted tubule. The nephron is responsible for filtering blood to remove waste products and excess fluids, reabsorbing necessary substances, and maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance in the body.

Answer: L 
 The hormone aldosterone is secreted by the adrenal glands and influences sodium reabsorption in the kidneys. Aldosterone promotes the reabsorption of sodium ions from the nephron tubules back into the peritubular capillaries, which helps to maintain electrolyte balance in the body.

Question 9

Match the correct statement about sodium reabsorption by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all):
-important in the regulation of ECF volume
A)sodium reabsorption in the distal and collecting tubules
B)sodium reabsorption in the proximal tubule
C)sodium reabsorption coupled with chloride reabsorption in the loop of Henle

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the correct statement about sodium reabsorption...

Question 10

Match the renal structure or activity with the correct characteristic by using the answer code: -ureter A)collecting tubules empty into this structure B)stores the urine C)passage of substances from the peritubular into the tubular lumen D)carries blood to the glomerulus E)tuft of capillaries that forms the filtrate F)passage of protein-free plasma into Bowman's capsule G)urine is forced through this structure by peristalsis H)collects the glomerular filtrate I)passage of substances from the tubular lumen into the peritubular capillaries J)functional unit of the kidney K)supplies the renal tissue with O₂ and nutrients L)carries blood from one capillary network to another capillary network M)tube through which urine leaves the body N)variable water and sodium reabsorption occur here under hormonal control O)responsible for the vertical osmotic gradient in the medulla of the kidney P)glucose and amino acid reabsorption occur here

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the renal structure or activity with...

Question 11

Match the renal structure or activity with the correct characteristic by using the answer code: -Bowman's capsule A)collecting tubules empty into this structure B)stores the urine C)passage of substances from the peritubular into the tubular lumen D)carries blood to the glomerulus E)tuft of capillaries that forms the filtrate F)passage of protein-free plasma into Bowman's capsule G)urine is forced through this structure by peristalsis H)collects the glomerular filtrate I)passage of substances from the tubular lumen into the peritubular capillaries J)functional unit of the kidney K)supplies the renal tissue with O₂ and nutrients L)carries blood from one capillary network to another capillary network M)tube through which urine leaves the body N)variable water and sodium reabsorption occur here under hormonal control O)responsible for the vertical osmotic gradient in the medulla of the kidney P)glucose and amino acid reabsorption occur here

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the renal structure or activity with...

Question 12

Match the renal structure or activity with the correct characteristic by using the answer code: -tubular reabsorption A)collecting tubules empty into this structure B)stores the urine C)passage of substances from the peritubular into the tubular lumen D)carries blood to the glomerulus E)tuft of capillaries that forms the filtrate F)passage of protein-free plasma into Bowman's capsule G)urine is forced through this structure by peristalsis H)collects the glomerular filtrate I)passage of substances from the tubular lumen into the peritubular capillaries J)functional unit of the kidney K)supplies the renal tissue with O₂ and nutrients L)carries blood from one capillary network to another capillary network M)tube through which urine leaves the body N)variable water and sodium reabsorption occur here under hormonal control O)responsible for the vertical osmotic gradient in the medulla of the kidney P)glucose and amino acid reabsorption occur here

Accepted Answer

Tubular reabsorption refers to the process in the nephron where substances are actively or passively transported from the nephron tubules back into the peritubular capillaries. This process involves both the passive transport of water and the active and passive transport of solutes out of the nephron into the peritubular capillaries.

Answer: J
 A nephron is a long, slender, tubular unit in the vertebrate kidney that forms urine. The nephron is made up of several regions, including the glomerulus, Bowman's capsule, proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, and distal convoluted tubule. The nephron is responsible for filtering blood to remove waste products and excess fluids, reabsorbing necessary substances, and maintaining fluid and electrolyte balance in the body.

Answer: L 
 The hormone aldosterone is secreted by the adrenal glands and influences sodium reabsorption in the kidneys. Aldosterone promotes the reabsorption of sodium ions from the nephron tubules back into the peritubular capillaries, which helps to maintain electrolyte balance in the body.

Question 13

Match the correct statement about sodium reabsorption by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all):
-plays a critical role in the kidneys' ability to produce urine of varying concentrations and volumes
A)sodium reabsorption in the distal and collecting tubules
B)sodium reabsorption in the proximal tubule
C)sodium reabsorption coupled with chloride reabsorption in the loop of Henle

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the correct statement about sodium reabsorption...

Question 14

Match the renal structure or activity with the correct characteristic by using the answer code: -distal and collecting capillaries tubules A)collecting tubules empty into this structure B)stores the urine C)passage of substances from the peritubular into the tubular lumen D)carries blood to the glomerulus E)tuft of capillaries that forms the filtrate F)passage of protein-free plasma into Bowman's capsule G)urine is forced through this structure by peristalsis H)collects the glomerular filtrate I)passage of substances from the tubular lumen into the peritubular capillaries J)functional unit of the kidney K)supplies the renal tissue with O₂ and nutrients L)carries blood from one capillary network to another capillary network M)tube through which urine leaves the body N)variable water and sodium reabsorption occur here under hormonal control O)responsible for the vertical osmotic gradient in the medulla of the kidney P)glucose and amino acid reabsorption occur here

Accepted Answer

The distal and collecting tubules are responsible for variable water and sodium reabsorption under hormonal control, such as the influence of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and aldosterone.

Question 15

Match the correct statement about sodium reabsorption by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all): -plays a pivotal role in the reabsorption of glucose,amino acids,H₂O,Cl^-,and urea A)sodium reabsorption in the distal and collecting tubules B)sodium reabsorption in the proximal tubule C)sodium reabsorption coupled with chloride reabsorption in the loop of Henle

Accepted Answer

Sodium reabsorption is most active in the proximal tubule, where it plays a pivotal role in the reabsorption of glucose, amino acids, water, chloride, and urea.

Answer: A 
 Sodium reabsorption also occurs in the distal and collecting tubules, but it is not as significant as in the proximal tubule. Additionally, sodium reabsorption in these sections is not coupled with chloride reabsorption.

Answer: C 
 Sodium reabsorption in the loop of Henle is coupled with chloride reabsorption, but it is not responsible for the reabsorption of glucose, amino acids, water, or urea.

Question 16

Match the renal structure or activity with the correct characteristic by using the answer code: -peritubular capillary A)collecting tubules empty into this structure B)stores the urine C)passage of substances from the peritubular into the tubular lumen D)carries blood to the glomerulus E)tuft of capillaries that forms the filtrate F)passage of protein-free plasma into Bowman's capsule G)urine is forced through this structure by peristalsis H)collects the glomerular filtrate I)passage of substances from the tubular lumen into the peritubular capillaries J)functional unit of the kidney K)supplies the renal tissue with O₂ and nutrients L)carries blood from one capillary network to another capillary network M)tube through which urine leaves the body N)variable water and sodium reabsorption occur here under hormonal control O)responsible for the vertical osmotic gradient in the medulla of the kidney P)glucose and amino acid reabsorption occur here

Accepted Answer

The answer of Match the renal structure or activity with...

Question 17

Match the renal structure or activity with the correct characteristic by using the answer code: -afferent arteriole A)collecting tubules empty into this structure B)stores the urine C)passage of substances from the peritubular into the tubular lumen D)carries blood to the glomerulus E)tuft of capillaries that forms the filtrate F)passage of protein-free plasma into Bowman's capsule G)urine is forced through this structure by peristalsis H)collects the glomerular filtrate I)passage of substances from the tubular lumen into the peritubular capillaries J)functional unit of the kidney K)supplies the renal tissue with O₂ and nutrients L)carries blood from one capillary network to another capillary network M)tube through which urine leaves the body N)variable water and sodium reabsorption occur here under hormonal control O)responsible for the vertical osmotic gradient in the medulla of the kidney P)glucose and amino acid reabsorption occur here

Accepted Answer

The afferent arteriole supplies blood to the glomerulus.

Answer: B
 The enlarged proximal end of the nephron is the Bowman's capsule.

Answer: C
 The gaps between the podocyte processes are the filtration slits.

Answer: D
 The plexus of capillaries around the tubules is the peritubular capillaries.

Answer: E
 The arteries that arch over the bases of the pyramids are the arcuate arteries.

Question 18

MATCHING
Match the renal function with the correct characteristic by using the answer code:
-tubular secretion
A)movement of substances from the peritubular capillary blood into the tubular lumen
B)movement of substances from the glomerular capillary blood into the tubular lumen
C)everything filtered or secreted that is not subsequently reabsorbed
D)movement of substances from the tubular lumen into the peritubular capillary blood

Accepted Answer

Tubular secretion refers to the movement of substances from the peritubular capillary blood into the tubular lumen.

Question 19

MATCHING
Match the renal function with the correct characteristic by using the answer code:
-urine excretion
A)movement of substances from the peritubular capillary blood into the tubular lumen
B)movement of substances from the glomerular capillary blood into the tubular lumen
C)everything filtered or secreted that is not subsequently reabsorbed
D)movement of substances from the tubular lumen into the peritubular capillary blood

Accepted Answer

Urine excretion refers to the process of removing waste and excess substances from the body. It includes everything that is filtered from the blood or secreted into the tubules of the kidneys that is not reabsorbed back into the bloodstream, hence matching with option C.

Question 20

Match the renal structure or activity with the correct characteristic by using the answer code: -tubular secretion A)collecting tubules empty into this structure B)stores the urine C)passage of substances from the peritubular into the tubular lumen D)carries blood to the glomerulus E)tuft of capillaries that forms the filtrate F)passage of protein-free plasma into Bowman's capsule G)urine is forced through this structure by peristalsis H)collects the glomerular filtrate I)passage of substances from the tubular lumen into the peritubular capillaries J)functional unit of the kidney K)supplies the renal tissue with O₂ and nutrients L)carries blood from one capillary network to another capillary network M)tube through which urine leaves the body N)variable water and sodium reabsorption occur here under hormonal control O)responsible for the vertical osmotic gradient in the medulla of the kidney P)glucose and amino acid reabsorption occur here

Accepted Answer

Tubular secretion refers to the movement of ions, drugs, toxins, and other substances from the peritubular capillaries into the nephron tubules.

Answer: M
 This describes the process of urine formation in the nephron, where water is passively transported while solutes are actively and passively transported out of the nephron into the peritubular capillaries.

Answer: L
 This describes the hormone aldosterone, which is secreted by the adrenal glands and influences sodium reabsorption in the kidneys.

Answer: O
 This describes the hormone vasopressin, which is released from the posterior pituitary gland in response to signals from the hypothalamus and regulates water reabsorption in the kidneys.

Answer: J
 This describes the nephron, which is a long, slender, tubular unit in the vertebrate kidney that forms urine.

Quiz 12: The Urinary System

Match the correct statement about sodium reabsorption by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all) : -subject to hormonal control

Match the renal structure or activity with the correct characteristic by using the answer code: -proximal tubule

Match the correct statement about sodium reabsorption by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all) : -represents 67 percent of Na⁺ reabsorbed

Match the correct statement about sodium reabsorption by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all) : -represents 25 percent of Na⁺ reabsorbed

Match the correct statement about sodium reabsorption by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all) : -represents 8 percent of Na⁺ reabsorbed

Match the renal structure or activity with the correct characteristic by using the answer code: -glomerular filtration

Match the renal structure or activity with the correct characteristic by using the answer code: -renal pelvis

MATCHING Match the renal function with the correct characteristic by using the answer code: -tubular reabsorption

Match the correct statement about sodium reabsorption by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all) : -important in the regulation of ECF volume

Match the renal structure or activity with the correct characteristic by using the answer code: -ureter

Match the renal structure or activity with the correct characteristic by using the answer code: -Bowman's capsule

Match the renal structure or activity with the correct characteristic by using the answer code: -tubular reabsorption

Match the correct statement about sodium reabsorption by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all) : -plays a critical role in the kidneys' ability to produce urine of varying concentrations and volumes

Match the renal structure or activity with the correct characteristic by using the answer code: -distal and collecting capillaries tubules

Match the correct statement about sodium reabsorption by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all) : -plays a pivotal role in the reabsorption of glucose,amino acids,H₂O,Cl^-,and urea

Match the renal structure or activity with the correct characteristic by using the answer code: -peritubular capillary

Match the renal structure or activity with the correct characteristic by using the answer code: -afferent arteriole

MATCHING Match the renal function with the correct characteristic by using the answer code: -tubular secretion

MATCHING Match the renal function with the correct characteristic by using the answer code: -urine excretion

Match the renal structure or activity with the correct characteristic by using the answer code: -tubular secretion

Quiz 12: The Urinary System

Match the correct statement about sodium reabsorption by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all) : -subject to hormonal control

Match the renal structure or activity with the correct characteristic by using the answer code: -proximal tubule

Match the correct statement about sodium reabsorption by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all) : -represents 67 percent of Na⁺ reabsorbed

Match the correct statement about sodium reabsorption by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all) : -represents 25 percent of Na⁺ reabsorbed

Match the correct statement about sodium reabsorption by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all) : -represents 8 percent of Na⁺ reabsorbed

Match the renal structure or activity with the correct characteristic by using the answer code: -glomerular filtration

Match the renal structure or activity with the correct characteristic by using the answer code: -renal pelvis

MATCHING Match the renal function with the correct characteristic by using the answer code: -tubular reabsorption

Match the correct statement about sodium reabsorption by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all) : -important in the regulation of ECF volume

Match the renal structure or activity with the correct characteristic by using the answer code: -ureter

Match the renal structure or activity with the correct characteristic by using the answer code: -Bowman's capsule

Match the renal structure or activity with the correct characteristic by using the answer code: -tubular reabsorption

Match the correct statement about sodium reabsorption by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all) : -plays a critical role in the kidneys' ability to produce urine of varying concentrations and volumes

Match the renal structure or activity with the correct characteristic by using the answer code: -distal and collecting capillaries tubules

Match the correct statement about sodium reabsorption by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all) : -plays a pivotal role in the reabsorption of glucose,amino acids,H₂O,Cl-,and urea

Match the renal structure or activity with the correct characteristic by using the answer code: -peritubular capillary

Match the renal structure or activity with the correct characteristic by using the answer code: -afferent arteriole

MATCHING Match the renal function with the correct characteristic by using the answer code: -tubular secretion

MATCHING Match the renal function with the correct characteristic by using the answer code: -urine excretion

Match the renal structure or activity with the correct characteristic by using the answer code: -tubular secretion

Match the correct statement about sodium reabsorption by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all) : -plays a pivotal role in the reabsorption of glucose,amino acids,H₂O,Cl^-,and urea