Pharmacotherapeutics

A patient with stable COPD is prescribed a bronchodilator by the provider. Which type of bronchodilator is preferred for this patient?

A patient with seasonal and perennial rhinitis requests a prescription for the most effective drug for treating this condition. Which medication will the provider recommend?

A patient takes oral theophylline twice daily for chronic stable asthma. After developing an infection, the patient went to an after-hours clinic where ciprofloxacin was prescribed. What action will the patient's primary provider take when the patient follows up the next day?

A patient with a cold used phenylephrine nasal spray, 2 sprays every 4 hours, for a week. Since then it has become impossible to discontinue the medication because the nasal congestion has increased. What action will the provider take?

A patient develops an asthma exacerbation. The patient's medication history lists an inhaled glucocorticoid, montelukast, and a short acting ₂ agonist as needed via metered-dose inhaler (MDI). The patient's respiratory rate is 18 breaths/minute, heart rate is 96 beats/minute, and an oxygen saturation is 95%. The provider auscultates mild expiratory wheezes bilaterally. What action will the provider take first?

A child with allergic rhinitis has used budesonide for several years. The parents are concerned that the child's rate of growth has slowed. What action will the provider take to address the parent's concerns?

A provider prescribes montelukast for a child with asthma. Which statement by the child's parent indicates understanding of this medication?

A patient requests medication for insomnia. The provider notes that the patient is restless and anxious with a heart rate of 90 beats/minute, and blood pressure of 130/85 mm Hg. Current medications are the combination product loratadine/pseudoephedrine every 12 hours for allergic rhinitis. What action will the provider take?

A patient with severe, chronic COPD uses an inhaled long-acting inhaled ₂ agonist (LABA)/glucocorticoid but continues to have frequent exacerbation of symptoms. What change in therapy will the provider discuss with the patient?

A patient with a cough has been advised to use guaifenesin. When the patient asks why this particular drug, what response will the provider provide?

A patient with asthma reports daily symptoms requiring a short-acting ₂-agonist for relief. The patient has used oral glucocorticoids three times in the past 3 months and reports awakening at night with symptoms about once a week. The patient's forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV₁) is 75% of predicted values. Which regimen does the provider determine is best for this patient?

A child with perennial allergic rhinitis has been using an intranasal glucocorticoid. After the child develops frequent nosebleeds, the provider orders montelukast to replace the inhaler. What statement will the provider include when teaching the child's parents about montelukast?

A patient who recently recovered from acute bronchitis reports a lingering dry cough that prevents sleep. Which over-the-counter medication will the provider recommend to best manage the symptoms?

Which medication will a provider prescribe for an asthma patient as part of step 1 management?

Which medication for asthma can a provider prescribe off-label to treat allergic rhinitis?