Question 1

Which classification contains substances that decompose the protein molecules that make up your body?

Accepted Answer

Corrosives are substances that can destroy or irreversibly damage another substance by chemical reaction. In the context of their effect on the human body, corrosive substances can cause severe damage to skin or other body tissues upon contact, including the decomposition of proteins.

Question 2

Which of the following refers to a naturally occurring poisonous substance produced by a living organism?

Accepted Answer

Toxins are poisonous substances produced by living organisms, including plants, animals, and microorganisms.

Question 3

How does the presence of a catalyst affect equilibrium?

Accepted Answer

A catalyst speeds up both the forward and reverse reactions equally without affecting the position of equilibrium, thus decreasing the time it takes for the reaction to reach equilibrium.

Question 4

Given the following list of K_a values, determine which weak acid solution would have the lowest pH value at equilibrium assuming all acids have the same initial concentration.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Given the following list of K_a values,...

Question 5

Determine the equilibrium concentration of bromide when the lead concentration is 2.8 × 10^-3 M. The K_sp of PbBr₂ is 6.60 × 10^-6.

Accepted Answer

The solubility product expression for PbBr2 is Ksp = [Pb^2+][Br^-]^2. Given [Pb^2+] = 2.8 × 10^-3 M, solve for [Br^-]: 6.60 × 10^-6 = (2.8 × 10^-3)[Br^-]^2. Solving gives [Br^-] ≈ 0.049 M.

Question 6

Which of the following refers to a substance that alters the DNA of cells in the parent, which can cause disease in offspring?

Accepted Answer

Mutagens are agents that cause changes or mutations in the DNA of an organism. These mutations can be inherited by the offspring if they occur in the germ cells (sperm or egg cells), potentially leading to diseases or disorders.

Question 7

Determine the equilibrium concentration of cadmium when the carbonate concentration is 5.4 × 10^-7 M. The K_sp for CdCO₃ is 1.0 × 10^-12.

Accepted Answer

The solubility product (Ksp) for CdCO3 is given as 1.0 × 10^-12. The reaction can be represented as CdCO3(s) ⇌ Cd^2+(aq) + CO3^2-(aq). Since the concentration of CO3^2- is given as 5.4 × 10^-7 M, we can set up the expression for Ksp as [Cd^2+][CO3^2-] = 1.0 × 10^-12. Solving for [Cd^2+] gives [Cd^2+] = (1.0 × 10^-12) / (5.4 × 10^-7) = 1.9 × 10^-6 M.

Question 8

Which of the following describes how a system at equilibrium will respond to a decrease in product concentration?

Accepted Answer

When a system at equilibrium experiences a decrease in product concentration, it will respond by shifting to the right (towards the product side) to increase the product concentration and re-establish equilibrium, according to Le Chatelier's Principle.

Question 9

Given the following K_sp values, determine which solution has the greatest concentration of ions at equilibrium.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Given the following K_sp values, determine which...

Question 10

All the reactants are completely changed to products in chemical reactions.

Accepted Answer

In many chemical reactions, not all reactants are completely converted into products due to factors like equilibrium, incomplete reactions, or limiting reactants.

Question 11

Which conditions are present when K is very large?

Accepted Answer

When K is very large, it indicates that the equilibrium heavily favors the products, meaning there is a high concentration of products and a low concentration of reactants.

Question 12

Is the LD₅₀ a measurement for acute poisoning or chronic poisoning?

Accepted Answer

LD₅₀ is a measurement for acute poisoning, indicating the lethal dose required to kill 50% of a test population in a short period.

Question 13

Which of the following describes how a system at equilibrium will respond to an increase in reactant concentration?

Accepted Answer

According to Le Chatelier's principle, if the concentration of a reactant is increased, the system will respond by consuming the added reactants and shifting the equilibrium to the right to produce more products.

Question 14

Determine the solubility equilibrium constant for CaF₂ given that the equilibrium concentration of [Ca²⁺] = 0.00039 M and [F^-] = 0.00032 M. K_sp = ______________

Accepted Answer

The answer of Determine the solubility equilibrium constant for CaF₂...

Question 15

Which statement is true for a reaction at dynamic equilibrium?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which statement is true for a reaction...

Question 16

Which statement describes when dynamic equilibrium occurs?

Accepted Answer

Dynamic equilibrium occurs when the rate of the forward reaction is equal to the rate of the reverse reaction, meaning that the concentrations of reactants and products remain constant over time, even though both reactions continue to occur.

Question 17

Given the following K_sp values, determine which solution has the smallest concentration of ions at equilibrium.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Given the following K_sp values, determine which...

Question 18

Given the following list of K_a values, determine which weak acid solution would have the highest pH value at equilibrium assuming all acids have the same initial concentration.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Given the following list of K_a values,...

Question 19

Carbon monoxide poisoning occurs when hemoglobin binds to the carbon monoxide as shown: HbO₂ + CO ⇌ HbCO + O₂ Explain giving excess oxygen to a patient with mild carbon monoxide poisoning helps them.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Carbon monoxide poisoning occurs when hemoglobin binds...

Question 20

The equilibrium constant for a reaction is 0.045. Which of the following is true for this reaction?

Accepted Answer

An equilibrium constant (K) value of 0.045 indicates that the reactants are favored at equilibrium, meaning the equilibrium lies to the left. A K value less than 1 suggests that the reactants are present in greater concentrations than the products at equilibrium.

Quiz 13: Chemical Equilibrium and Poisons

Which classification contains substances that decompose the protein molecules that make up your body?

Which of the following refers to a naturally occurring poisonous substance produced by a living organism?

How does the presence of a catalyst affect equilibrium?

Given the following list of Ka values, determine which weak acid solution would have the lowest pH value at equilibrium assuming all acids have the same initial concentration. ​

Determine the equilibrium concentration of bromide when the lead concentration is 2.8 × 10-3 M. The Ksp of PbBr2 is 6.60 × 10-6.