Question 1

Marcus wants to thoroughly understand the issues that created the severe economic straits General Motors currently finds itself experiencing.He should consider what kind of a research study?
A)A case study.
B)A survey.
C)A field study.
D)A laboratory study.

Accepted Answer

A case study is the best choice for thoroughly understanding the issues that created the severe economic straits that General Motors is currently experiencing. A case study is an in-depth analysis of a particular situation and offers detailed information on the factors that led to the current state of affairs. Case studies often involve comprehensive data collection, including interviews, observation, and analysis of relevant documents. A case study can help Marcus gain a deeper understanding of General Motors' economic straits and the specific issues that led to it. A case study is a method of research that involves in-depth analysis and examination of a specific situation or case. In this scenario, Marcus wants to understand the specific issues that led to General Motors' economic problems. Therefore, a case study would be the most appropriate method to achieve this goal as it would allow him to conduct a detailed examination of the company's history, culture, policies, and strategies.

Question 2

The likelihood that findings in a given study would be found in another setting or study is known as
A)reliability.
B)validity.
C)meta-analysis.
D)generalizability.

Accepted Answer

Generalizability refers to the extent to which findings in a study can be applied or generalized to other settings or populations. Reliability refers to the consistency of measurements or results in a study, while validity refers to the accuracy of the conclusions drawn from the study. Meta-analysis is a statistical method for combining and analyzing data from multiple studies. Generalizability refers to the extent to which findings from a particular study can be generalized or applied to other settings or populations. Reliability refers to the consistency of results in a particular study, while validity refers to the accuracy and meaningfulness of the measurements used in a study. Meta-analysis is a statistical method for combining results from multiple studies to draw more overall conclusions.

Question 3

An ethics audit would ask all the following questions of a firm EXCEPT:
A)Do you make sure to hide any examples of unethical behavior so others do not repeat the behavior?
B)Do you ensure that pay is equitable for all employees?
C)Do you question whether employees are seeing any examples of unethical behavior occurring in the workplace?
D)Do you ensure that daily decisions are assessed for ethical compliance?

Accepted Answer

An ethics audit would not ask if a firm hides unethical behavior, as this goes against ethical principles. The other choices align with ethical considerations and would be appropriate questions for an ethics audit. An ethics audit would not ask a firm if they make sure to hide unethical behavior, as this would be unethical itself. Instead, an ethics audit would focus on assessing the firm's commitment to ethical decision-making, transparency, and accountability, including questions about fair pay, open communication, and ethical decision-making processes.

Question 4

One Big Ten University wanted to determine whether a Wellness Program that focused on walking to enhance employee health would cut down on employees' use of health benefits.Employees in the Liberal Arts department were invited to participate and received a $25 gift card to Best Buy for taking part in the program.Employees in the Engineering department did not participate in the program.Health benefits data was examined for both departments. The Engineering school employees, described in the scenario above, could be labeled the
A)control group.
B)treatment group.
C)case group.
D)survey group.

Accepted Answer

A control group is a group of participants that does not receive the treatment or intervention being studied. In this scenario, the Engineering department employees did not participate in the Wellness Program and therefore did not receive the intervention. As a result, they can be considered the control group in this study. The Engineering department employees did not participate in the Wellness Program and were not treated with the intervention. Therefore, they serve as the control group for comparison to the Liberal Arts department employees who did participate in the program (treatment group).

Question 5

*Predictive analytics refers to
A)using an approach to understand what has happened
B)focusing on what is likely to happen
C)determining what should be done in the future
D)identifying what changes should happen

Accepted Answer

Predictive analytics involves analyzing historical data, statistical algorithms, and machine learning techniques to identify the likelihood of future outcomes based on historical data. It is focused on predicting what is likely to happen in the future, rather than just analyzing what has already happened (option A). While it can inform decisions on what should be done in the future (option C), the primary focus is on prediction. It is not specifically focused on identifying changes that should happen (option D). Predictive analytics is all about forecasting what is likely to happen in the future based on historical data and statistical algorithms. It uses models to identify patterns and relationships that can be used to make predictions about future events or trends. It is different from descriptive analytics, which focuses on understanding what has happened in the past. So, option B is the correct answer.

Question 6

*The size and complexity of information to be processed and analyzed is referred to as
A)raw data
B)big data
C)analytical data
D)quantitative data

Accepted Answer

The term "big data" specifically refers to large and complex datasets that require advanced technology and methods for processing and analysis. Raw data refers to unprocessed data, and analytical data refers to data that has already been processed and analyzed. Quantitative data refers to numerical data that can be measured and analyzed using statistical methods, but does not necessarily imply a large or complex dataset. The term "big data" specifically refers to the size and complexity of information that needs to be processed and analyzed. Raw data refers to data that has not yet been processed or manipulated, analytical data refers to data that has been processed and manipulated for analytical purposes, and quantitative data refers to the type of data that can be measured and expressed in numerical terms.

Question 7

One Big Ten University wanted to determine whether a Wellness Program that focused on walking to enhance employee health would cut down on employees' use of health benefits.Employees in the Liberal Arts department were invited to participate and received a $25 gift card to Best Buy for taking part in the program.Employees in the Engineering department did not participate in the program.Health benefits data was examined for both departments. In the scenario described above, the Liberal Arts school employees are
A)the treatment group.
B)the control group.
C)the survey group.
D)the case group.

Accepted Answer

The employees in the Liberal Arts department who participated in the Wellness Program are considered the treatment group because they received the intervention, in this case, the walking program. The employees in the Engineering department who did not participate in the program are the control group, as their data will be used to compare the health benefits data of the treatment group. The survey group and case group are not appropriate terms for this scenario. The employees in the Liberal Arts department who participated in the program are the treatment group because they received the wellness program intervention. The Engineering department employees who did not participate in the program are the control group, as they did not receive the intervention and are used as a basis for comparison to determine the effectiveness of the wellness program. The survey group and the case group do not apply in this scenario.

Question 8

Trends in all of the following areas represent challenges for organizational behavior EXCEPT:
A)Increasing technological innovation.
B)Increasing employee engagement.
C)Increasing access to information.
D)Increasing attention to sustainable business practices.

Accepted Answer

Increasing employee engagement is not a challenge for organizational behavior, rather it is a desired outcome of effective organizational behavior practices. The other options represent challenges for organizational behavior as they require adaptation and management of organizational processes and practices to address changing environments and expectations. Increasing employee engagement is not a challenge for organizational behavior, but rather a desirable goal. However, the other three trends listed (increasing technological innovation, increasing access to information, and increasing attention to sustainable business practices) do represent challenges for organizational behavior.

Question 9

One Big Ten University wanted to determine whether a Wellness Program that focused on walking to enhance employee health would cut down on employees' use of health benefits.Employees in the Liberal Arts department were invited to participate and received a $25 gift card to Best Buy for taking part in the program.Employees in the Engineering department did not participate in the program.Health benefits data was examined for both departments. The scenario described above represents which type of research study?
A)A case study.
B)A survey.
C)An experimental field study.
D)A laboratory study.

Accepted Answer

This scenario represents an experimental field study because it involved a control group (employees in the Engineering department who did not participate) and a treatment group (employees in the Liberal Arts department who did participate in the walking program). The researchers manipulated the independent variable (participation in the walking program) to see if it would have an effect on the dependent variable (employees' use of health benefits). The fact that the study was implemented in the real world (in the workplace) also supports the classification of an experimental field study rather than a laboratory study. This scenario represents an experimental field study because the Wellness Program was implemented for the Liberal Arts department but not for the Engineering department, and health benefits data was compared between the two departments to determine the program's effectiveness.

Question 10

Which of the following statements about case studies is true?
A)They involve a study conducted under controlled conditions.
B)They offer the researcher a very simple and effective way to generalize what worked in a single situation to many other situations.
C)They are a technique employed by researchers to summarize what other researchers found on a topic.
D)They are a way to gather data and explain a single event or situation in detail.

Accepted Answer

Case studies are a method that allows data to be collected and analyzed regarding a single event or situation in depth. This enables the researcher to gain a deep understanding of the subject of study, but it cannot be generalized to other situations. Case studies are useful in exploratory research or when an in-depth understanding of the subject matter is required. Case studies are a research method used to gather data and provide a detailed explanation of a single event or situation. They do not involve controlled conditions and do not offer a simple way to generalize findings to other situations. They also do not summarize what other researchers have found; instead, they provide new data and insights.

Question 11

*An analytic approach that focuses on understanding what has happened in the past is
A)descriptive analytics
B)prescriptive analytics
C)data analytics
D)predictive analytics

Accepted Answer

The answer of *An analytic approach that focuses on understanding...

Question 12

Validity is
A)an entity that can take on different values.
B)the consistency in measurement.
C)the strength of the relationship between two variables.
D)the degree to which a measure captures what it is intended to measure.

Accepted Answer

Validity refers to the extent to which a measure accurately and completely represents the construct or concept being measured. It is the degree to which a measure captures what it is intended to measure. Validity is the degree to which a measure captures what it is intended to measure. Option A refers to a variable, option B refers to reliability, and option C refers to correlation strength.

Question 13

Natalia administered a test to a job candidate three different times.She is looking at the scores and sees that they are 85, 87 and 85 out of 100.She notes that the scores are fairly consistent.In other words, the test is
A)valid.
B)reliable.
C)strong.
D)relevant.

Accepted Answer

Reliability refers to consistency in measurements, and in this case, the test scores are fairly consistent. Validity refers to whether the test measures what it is intended to measure, and there is no information given about that. Strong and relevant refer to different aspects of the test and are not directly related to consistency in scores. The consistency of the test scores indicates that the test is reliable, meaning it consistently measures the same construct each time it is administered. Validity refers to whether the test actually measures what it is intended to measure, while strength and relevance are not directly related to the consistency of test scores.

Question 14

Meta-analysis is
A)a study with a group that receives a treatment and a comparison group that receives no treatment.
B)a study conducted in an actual organization.
C)the process of summarizing research findings from studies on related topics.
D)an in-depth analysis of a single industry or company.

Accepted Answer

Meta-analysis involves combining data from multiple studies that have investigated the same or similar research questions to draw conclusions and summarize the findings. It aims to provide a more accurate estimate of the effect of a certain variable than what is possible from a single study alone. Options A, B, and D are not accurate definitions of meta-analysis. Meta-analysis is the process of summarizing research findings from studies on related topics. It involves combining and analyzing data from multiple studies in order to identify overall patterns, trends, and relationships. This technique is often used in psychology, medicine, and other social sciences to help identify the most effective interventions or treatments for a particular condition or issue.

Question 15

Research indicates that the most important determinant of ethical behavior in an organization is
A)the establishment of policies prohibiting unethical behavior.
B)the passage of laws requiring ethical behavior.
C)manager commitment to ethical behavior.
D)the establishment of rules requiring greater accountability.

Accepted Answer

Manager commitment to ethical behavior is the most important determinant of ethical behavior in an organization according to research. This is because managers set the tone for the organization and model behavior for their employees to follow. Establishing policies and rules and passing laws can help reinforce ethical behavior, but without management commitment, they may not be effective. While policies, laws, and rules can contribute to ethical behavior in an organization, they ultimately rely on managers and leaders to enforce and uphold them. Thus, manager commitment to ethical behavior is the most important determinant of ethical behavior in an organization.

Question 16

In analyzing the data, the researcher notes that as employee absences increase, scores on performance evaluations decrease.This suggests
A)there is a correlation between employee absenteeism and employee performance.
B)employee absence causes poor performance.
C)employee absence is a reliable measure.
D)employee performance is a valid measure.

Accepted Answer

The statement implies a relationship between two variables, suggesting a correlation. It does not necessarily indicate a causal relationship between the two variables. Choice B cannot be concluded, as it assumes a cause-and-effect relationship without sufficient evidence. Choice C and D are irrelevant to the statement. The observation that as employee absences increase, scores on performance evaluations decrease indicates that there is a correlation between the two variables. It is not possible to determine causality from this observation alone, and there is no indication that either employee absence or performance evaluation is inherently reliable or valid measures. Therefore, answer choices B, C, and D can be ruled out.

Question 17

*All of these are part of the four V's of Big Data except
A)visibility
B)variety
C)veracity
D)volume

Accepted Answer

The four V's of Big Data are volume, variety, velocity, and veracity. Visibility is not one of them. The four V's of Big Data are Volume, Variety, Veracity, and Velocity. Visibility is not one of the four V's of Big Data.

Question 18

The triple bottom line refers to evaluating an organization on all of the following performance criteria EXCEPT:
A)Demographic.
B)Economic.
C)Social.
D)Environmental.

Accepted Answer

The triple bottom line evaluates an organization's performance based on economic, social, and environmental criteria, but not demographic criteria. The triple bottom line evaluates an organization on three performance criteria, which are economic, social, and environmental. Demographic is not one of the criteria.

Question 19

Datum refers to
A)multiple observations.
B)the consistency of a measure.
C)the degree to which a measure captures what it is intended to measure.
D)a single observation.

Accepted Answer

Datum refers to a single observation, therefore option D is the correct choice. Options A, B, and C refer to concepts such as multiple observations, consistency of a measure, and validity of a measure, respectively. Datum refers to a single observation.

Question 20

A control group
A)receives experimental manipulation.
B)is an entity that can take on different values.
C)receives no experimental manipulation.
D)is a tentative guess on an observation that can be tested.

Accepted Answer

A control group is a group that is not exposed to the experimental manipulation and serves as a baseline for comparison to the experimental group(s). It allows researchers to isolate the effects of the experimental manipulation and determine whether any observed effects are due to the manipulation or other factors. Therefore, a control group should receive no experimental manipulation. A control group is a group that receives no experimental manipulation and is used as a comparison group to evaluate the effects of the experimental manipulation on the treatment group.

Quiz 1: Organizational Behavior

Marcus wants to thoroughly understand the issues that created the severe economic straits General Motors currently finds itself experiencing.He should consider what kind of a research study?

The likelihood that findings in a given study would be found in another setting or study is known as

An ethics audit would ask all the following questions of a firm EXCEPT:

*Predictive analytics refers to

*The size and complexity of information to be processed and analyzed is referred to as

Trends in all of the following areas represent challenges for organizational behavior EXCEPT:

Which of the following statements about case studies is true?

*An analytic approach that focuses on understanding what has happened in the past is

Validity is

Natalia administered a test to a job candidate three different times.She is looking at the scores and sees that they are 85, 87 and 85 out of 100.She notes that the scores are fairly consistent.In other words, the test is

Meta-analysis is

Research indicates that the most important determinant of ethical behavior in an organization is

In analyzing the data, the researcher notes that as employee absences increase, scores on performance evaluations decrease.This suggests

*All of these are part of the four V's of Big Data except

The triple bottom line refers to evaluating an organization on all of the following performance criteria EXCEPT:

Datum refers to

A control group