Question 1

In their study of individuals who experienced a marital separation or divorce, but who had no previous history of severe depression, what did Bruce and Kim (1992) find?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In their study of individuals who experienced...

Question 2

When referring to the mood disorders, which term would family most likely use to describe cyclothymia?

Accepted Answer

"Moody" would be the most likely term used to describe cyclothymia, as it is characterized by frequent swings between high and low mood states.

Question 3

Jason had cyclothymia and was not treated for it.He now has been diagnosed with another, more serious disorder.What disorder is that most likely to be?

Accepted Answer

Cyclothymia is a milder form of bipolar disorder and often precedes the development of bipolar I or II disorder. Therefore, it is most likely that Jason would be diagnosed with bipolar I disorder.

Question 4

Which statement does NOT accurately describe the onset of bipolar disorders?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which statement does NOT accurately describe the...

Question 5

For several years now, 20-year-old Cynthia has been considered by her family and friends to be moody, high-strung, explosive, or hyperactive, yet never out of control.What is Cynthia's most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Cynthia's symptoms of moodiness, hyperactivity, and being explosive but never out of control are consistent with cyclothymia, a milder form of bipolar disorder. Mania would involve more severe symptoms such as grandiosity and risky behavior. Major depressive disorder and dysthymia would not account for the hyperactivity and explosiveness.

Question 6

Which statement does NOT accurately describe the additional defining criteria for depressive disorders?

Accepted Answer

Specifiers do not accompany all depressive disorders. Specifiers are additional features that are sometimes used to describe the nature of a person's depressive symptoms, such as the presence of psychotic features or atypical symptoms. However, not all depressive disorders require specifiers.

Question 7

Which of the following individuals is showing signs of cyclothymic disorder?

Accepted Answer

Cyclothymic disorder is characterized by periods of hypomanic symptoms and periods of depressive symptoms that are not severe enough to meet the criteria for bipolar disorder. Ben's description matches this, as neither his depression nor his mania meet the clinical criteria for a disorder.

Question 8

Although the mood-stabilizing drugs are the preferred treatment for bipolar disorder, patient compliance has been a problem.Why do patients often stop taking their medication, even though it is effective in stabilizing their moods?

Accepted Answer

Patients with bipolar disorder often stop taking their medication because they miss the euphoric and energetic feelings associated with manic episodes, which mood-stabilizing drugs can suppress.

Question 9

Jerry experienced a manic episode six months ago, which was followed by a major depressive episode.What would he most likely be diagnosed with?

Accepted Answer

Jerry's history of a manic episode followed by a major depressive episode is characteristic of bipolar I disorder, which is defined by the occurrence of at least one manic episode. The other options (cyclothymic disorder, rapid cycling disorder, bipolar II disorder) do not fit Jerry's symptom presentation.

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a listed as risk factor for suicide in your textbook?

Accepted Answer

Low self-esteem is not typically listed as a direct risk factor for suicide in most textbooks. While it can contribute to mental health issues, direct risk factors more commonly include family history, stressful life events, and existing psychological disorders.

Question 11

Jenny has experienced long-standing feelings of depression over the past five years.During the past 20 days, she has experienced a severely depressed mood, feelings of emptiness, and significant weight loss.Jenny confided in a neighbour that she is considering suicide.What is Jenny most likely suffering from?

Accepted Answer

Jenny's symptoms suggest double depression, which is a combination of persistent depressive disorder (long-standing depression) and major depressive episodes (severe symptoms over a shorter period).

Question 12

A friend states he is thinks he is mildly depressed but he's not sure, and he asks if there is any kind of laboratory test that could determine whether or not someone is depressed.What would you tell him?

Accepted Answer

Currently, there is no laboratory test that can definitively diagnose depression. Diagnosis is usually based on symptoms reported by the individual and evaluated by a healthcare professional. While certain biological markers, such as cortisol levels, have been associated with depression, they are not sufficient to make a diagnosis on their own.

Question 13

Janet had a baby two weeks ago and is explaining to her doctor that she was often tearful and having some minor mood swings in the first couple of days, but they seem to have subsided.What is Janet likely experiencing?

Accepted Answer

Janet is likely experiencing baby blues, which is a common and mild form of mood changes that occur in new mothers in the first few days or weeks after giving birth. The symptoms usually subside on their own within a few weeks as the mother's hormones rebalance. Peripartum depression and minor depressive episodes are more severe and persistent forms of mood disorders that require professional intervention.

Question 14

Kathy informed her doctor that she has had three major depressive episodes, which were separated by a two-month period when she did not feel depressed.What is Kathy's most likely diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

Kathy's history of three major depressive episodes separated by symptom-free periods indicates a diagnosis of major depressive disorder, recurrent. The fact that the episodes were separated by two months rules out persistent depressive disorder. The diagnosis of major depressive disorder, single episode would not account for the recurrence of the depressive episodes. Double depression refers to a combination of major depressive disorder and dysthymia, which is not indicated by Kathy's symptoms.

Question 15

Which of the following puts you at the greatest risk for committing suicide if you are an Inuit in Nunavik?

Accepted Answer

Being male puts individuals at a greater risk for committing suicide, especially in the context of Inuit communities in Nunavik, where suicide rates are significantly higher among males.

Question 16

Ms.Barr experienced the death of a close friend three months ago.She is so depressed that she has no appetite or energy, and she is suicidal.What would most mental health professionals conclude that Ms.Barr is experiencing?

Accepted Answer

Ms. Barr is exhibiting symptoms of pathological grief reaction, which is characterized by intense and prolonged grief that impairs functioning and may lead to suicidal ideation. The loss of a close friend can trigger this kind of reaction, and it is important for mental health professionals to provide appropriate care and support for Ms. Barr.

Question 17

Why does the Canadian National Population Health Survey suggest that men and women have different rates of depression?

Accepted Answer

The Canadian National Population Health Survey suggests that men and women have different rates of depression because different types of work demands predict depression in women versus men. Therefore, choice D is the best answer. Options A, B, and C are not supported by the given explanation.

Question 18

Jeremy has just been diagnosed with rapid-cycling manic-depressive episodes.How many manic episodes must Jeremy have had in the past year??

Accepted Answer

Rapid-cycling manic-depressive episodes require at least four episodes of either mania or hypomania in a year.

Question 19

Which of the following is characteristic the manic state?

Accepted Answer

Irritability is a common characteristic of the manic state, along with increased energy, impulsivity, and grandiosity. Anhedonia, hyposensitivity, and decreased energy are more commonly associated with depression.

Question 20

Prevalence rates for mood disorders in Canadian studies vary widely, from 8.6 percent in the Canadian Community Health Survey to 10.3 percent and 11 percent in surveys in Toronto and Calgary, respectively.What is epidemiologist psychiatrist Roger Bland's explanation regarding these varying rates?

Accepted Answer

Roger Bland attributes the varying rates to different research methods used in the studies.

Quiz 8: Eating and Sleep-Wake Disorders