Question 1

Which of the following individuals is likely to spend the least amount of time exercising?

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that individuals of low SES and females are less likely to engage in regular exercise compared to those of higher SES and males. Therefore, Tammy, who is of low SES and female, is likely to spend the least amount of time exercising.

Question 2

Aerobic exercise is best described as exercise that

Accepted Answer

Aerobic exercise is characterized by moderate intensity activity that can be sustained for an extended period of time (at least 30 minutes) and which causes a significant increase in heart rate and breathing rate. This type of exercise is commonly known as cardio, and can include activities such as running, brisk walking, cycling, or swimming. Options A, B, and C do not accurately describe aerobic exercise.

Question 3

According to the text, activities such as running and swimming are known as what type of exercise?

Accepted Answer

Running and swimming are considered as aerobic exercises because they involve continuous movement of large muscles in the body, which requires oxygen to produce energy.

Question 4

Health authorities recommend aerobic exercise at a moderate-to-vigorous level for at least 2 ½ hours per week along with strength training. About what per cent of Australians actually practice this advice?

Accepted Answer

According to the Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, in 2017-18, 56% of Australians aged 18 to 64 engaged in sufficient physical activity, which includes at least 150 minutes of moderate intensity or 75 minutes of vigorous intensity aerobic exercise per week along with muscle-strengthening activities on at least two days per week.

Question 5

In traditional cultures, what marks the transition to adulthood? Explain.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In traditional cultures, what marks the transition...

Question 6

Which of the following is an example of aerobic exercise?

Accepted Answer

Playing soccer for 45 minutes involves continuous physical activity that increases heart rate and breathing, making it an example of aerobic exercise. Playing the piano, playing video games, and lifting weights do not provide the same level of cardiovascular benefits.

Question 7

How would you describe endorphins?

Accepted Answer

Endorphins are brain chemicals that provide a pleasurable feeling and a feeling of well-being.

Question 8

Exercise generates brain chemicals called ____ that provide a pleasurable feeling and increase well-being.

Accepted Answer

Endorphins are the brain chemicals that are released during exercise and provide a pleasurable feeling while also increasing well-being. Epinephrine and adrenaline are also released during exercise, but they are associated with the body's stress response. Dopamine is a neurotransmitter involved in motivation and reward, but it is not specifically linked to exercise-induced feelings of pleasure and well-being.

Question 9

Describe one obvious and one less obvious physical change of emerging adulthood.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe one obvious and one less obvious...

Question 10

What reduces the risk of a variety of illnesses and diseases in middle adulthood including diabetes, cardiovascular disease and several types of cancers?

Accepted Answer

Exercising regularly has been shown to reduce the risk of developing diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and several types of cancers in middle adulthood. Vitamin supplements are not a reliable means of reducing the risk of these illnesses, and laughing to reduce stress and completing higher education and obtaining a high-paying job may have positive effects on overall health but are not specifically linked to reducing the risk of these illnesses.

Question 11

Your 23-year-old brother has never been interested in exercising. He has a rather fast metabolism and has never gained any weight. You are trying to get him to exercise and he sees no value in doing so. What argument could you use?

Accepted Answer

Exercise has many benefits that go beyond weight management. Regular exercise can reduce the risk of many chronic diseases, including diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and several types of cancer. This argument may be more compelling to your brother than concerns about weight gain, particularly if he has never had to worry about his weight before.

Question 12

What happens to physical activity through the 20s and 30s across developed countries?

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that physical activity tends to continuously decline from the late teens through the 20s and 30s in developed countries. This is often due to changes in lifestyle and priorities as individuals take on school, work, and family responsibilities.

Question 13

Aerobic exercise has been shown to reduce body fat and also

Accepted Answer

Aerobic exercise has been shown to increase metabolic rate, which in turn can help reduce body fat. Option B is incorrect as aerobic exercise can actually help decrease hypertension. Option C is incorrect as aerobic exercise has actually been shown to increase white blood cells. Option D is incorrect as aerobic exercise has been shown to increase levels of serotonin, which can improve mood and reduce stress.

Question 14

Describe two of the three markers of the transition to adulthood. Do you think these will change in future cohorts? Why?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe two of the three markers of...

Question 15

Thomas has just finished the Boston Marathon and is feeling great. His blood pressure is high, his respirations are rapid and he is extremely sweaty, but he feels elated to be alive. He's experiencing a 'runner's high'. Which of the following is primarily responsible for this pleasurable feeling?

Accepted Answer

Endorphins are the body's natural painkillers and are released during exercise, especially endurance exercise like running a marathon. They can create a feeling of euphoria and well-being, often referred to as a "runner's high". Melatonin is responsible for regulating sleep, dopamine is involved in reward and pleasure, and testosterone is a hormone primarily associated with male development and reproduction, but none of these are primarily responsible for a "runner's high".

Question 16

Why is the BMI considered only an indirect measure of body fat? In other words, why is this not always considered a 100% accurate measure of overweight and obesity?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why is the BMI considered only an...

Question 17

What does the text define as a brain chemical that provides a pleasurable feeling and increases well-being?

Accepted Answer

The text states that endorphins are a brain chemical that provides a pleasurable feeling and increases well-being.

Question 18

Are there changes in immune function during young adulthood? Explain.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Are there changes in immune function during...

Question 19

What happens to most people who embrace a strategy to lose weight?

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that most people who embrace a weight loss strategy end up gaining that weight back and often end up gaining more weight. This is because many weight loss strategies are not sustainable in the long term and people often revert back to their old habits once they reach their desired weight.

Question 20

Regular exercise in young adulthood reduces the risk of a variety of illnesses and diseases in middle adulthood, including ____.

Accepted Answer

Regular exercise in young adulthood reduces the risk of a variety of illnesses and diseases in middle adulthood, including diabetes, cardiovascular disease and several types of cancer.

Quiz 10: Young Adulthood