Question 1

Which of the following are defined as a set of interrelated components that include hardware, software, databases, networks, people, and procedures that collect data, process it, and disseminate the output?
A)Management information systems
B)Decision support systems
C)Business information systems
D)Data information systems

Accepted Answer

Business information systems are defined as a set of interrelated components that include hardware, software, databases, networks, people, and procedures that collect data, process it, and disseminate the output. Management information systems focuses on providing information to support managerial decision-making, decision support systems are computer-based tools designed to assist managers in decision-making, and data information systems are mainly concerned with the collection, storage, and retrieval of data.

Question 2

Transference is the provision of multiple interchangeable components to perform a single function in order to cope with failures and errors.

Accepted Answer

Transference refers to the redirection of feelings and desires, especially those unconsciously retained from childhood, onto a substitute object, especially in psychoanalysis. The term you're looking for related to interchangeable components for reliability is "redundancy."

Question 3

Which of the following can be oral, written, or inferred from the seller's conduct?
A)Indemnity
B)Strict liabilities
C)Warranty tolling
D)Express warranties

Accepted Answer

Express warranties can be oral, written, or inferred from the seller's conduct. Indemnity, strict liabilities, and warranty tolling are not dependent on the seller's actions or statements.

Question 4

When sued for which of the following, a software supplier is not held responsible for every product defect that causes customer or third-party loss?
A)breach of warranty
B)misrepresentation
C)strict liability
D)negligence

Accepted Answer

The answer of When sued for which of the following,...

Question 5

In the context of Capability Maturity Model Integration, process is ad hoc and chaotic; organization tends to overcommit and processes are often abandoned during times of crisis in which of the following maturity levels?
A)quantitatively managed
B)managed
C)defined
D)initial

Accepted Answer

The described characteristics of ad hoc and chaotic processes, overcommitment, and process abandonment during crises are all indicative of the lowest maturity level, which is the initial level.

Question 6

In which of the following is a defendant held responsible for injuring another person, regardless of negligence or intent?
A)Contributory negligence
B)Misrepresentation
C)Strict liability
D)Breach of warranty

Accepted Answer

Strict liability holds a defendant responsible for any injuries caused to another person, regardless of whether or not there was negligence or intent. This often applies to cases involving product liability, where a product causes harm to a consumer. Contributory negligence, misrepresentation, and breach of warranty involve different legal concepts and do not necessarily hold the defendant responsible in the same way as strict liability.

Question 7

Process-control computers enable the process to be monitored for variations from operating standards and to eliminate product defects before they affect which of the following?
A)quality
B)delivery
C)testing
D)development

Accepted Answer

Process-control computers are designed to monitor variations from operating standards so as to eliminate product defects before they affect the quality of the product. It is important to maintain product quality standards as they are directly related to customer satisfaction and hence the success of a business.

Question 8

Risk mitigation involves the reduction in either the likelihood or the impact of the occurrence of a risk.

Accepted Answer

This is the definition of risk mitigation.

Question 9

Products, such as statements of requirements, flowcharts, and user documentation, are known as which of the following?
A)project systems
B)information systems
C)objects
D)deliverables

Accepted Answer

Products such as statements of requirements, flowcharts, and user documentation are deliverables, which are products or services that must be provided in order to meet a specific objective of a project.

Question 10

Black-box testing treats the software unit as a device that has expected input and output behaviors but whose internal workings are known.

Accepted Answer

Black-box testing is a testing technique in which the internal workings of the software unit being tested are not known to the tester. The software unit is treated as a black box, with only the expected input and output behaviors being considered for testing.

Question 11

A failure mode describes how a product or process could fail to perform the desired functions described by the customer.

Accepted Answer

A failure mode describes a potential way that a product or process could fail to meet customer requirements, which means that the statement is true.

Question 12

Risk is the potential of gaining or losing something of value.

Accepted Answer

Risk concerns the possibility of positive or negative outcomes. Therefore, it involves both the potential for gain and loss of valuable resources.

Question 13

If the product fails to meet the terms of its written guarantee, the buyer or lessee can sue for which of the following?
A)breach of warranty
B)comparative negligence
C)contributory negligence
D)strict liability

Accepted Answer

When a product fails to meet the terms of its written guarantee, it is a breach of warranty. The buyer or lessee can sue for breach of warranty, which is a legal concept that holds the seller responsible for the product not functioning as promised. Comparative negligence and contributory negligence are not relevant to breach of warranty cases, and strict liability applies to cases where a product is inherently dangerous and causes harm regardless of whether there was a breach of warranty.

Question 14

An airline's online ticket-reservation system and an electronic funds transfer system that moves money among banks, are examples of which of the following?
A)order-processing systems
B)decision support systems
C)software development systems
D)quality assurance systems

Accepted Answer

The airline's online ticket-reservation system and the electronic funds transfer system both involve processing orders or transactions. Therefore, they are examples of order-processing systems.

Question 15

Which of the following is true of software testing?
A)White-box testing involves viewing the software unit as a device that has expected input and output behaviors but whose internal workings are unknown.
B)Black-box testing treats the software unit as a device that has expected input and output behaviors but whose internal workings, unlike the unit in whitebox testing, are known.
C)Static testing involves software programs called static analyzers which are run against new code.
D)Integration testing involves independent testing that is performed by trained end users to ensure that the system operates as they expect.

Accepted Answer

Static testing often involves the use of tools or methods to examine the code without actually executing the program. This can include reviews, walkthroughs, and the use of static analysis tools to detect potential issues.

Question 16

A type of business system which is used to develop accurate forecasts of customer demand, recommend stocks and bonds for an investment portfolio is known as which of the following?
A)upgrade management system
B)decision support system
C)executive information system
D)data information system

Accepted Answer

The type of business system described is a decision support system, which uses data analysis and modeling to provide recommendations and insights for decision-making. Upgrade management systems are focused on improving and updating software and hardware systems. Executive information systems provide top-level executives with strategic information, while data information systems manage and process data for various uses.

Question 17

Software quality is defined as the degree to which a software product meets:
A)the needs of its users.
B)the standards of its competitors.
C)sustainability and environmental protection needs.
D)the minimum financial return standards.

Accepted Answer

Software quality is determined by the extent to which it meets the requirements and expectations of its users. The software must fulfill the needs of its users and should be able to provide efficient and satisfactory performance. The other options such as standards of competitors, sustainability and environmental protection needs, and minimum financial return standards are irrelevant to defining software quality.

Question 18

Which of the following is true of strategies for engineering quality software?
A)High-quality software systems are tough to learn and use because they perform slowly.
B)Software defects never lead to injury.
C)Developers develop high-quality software instantaneously without a set of principles.
D)The first release of any software rarely meets all its users' expectations.

Accepted Answer

It is rare for the first release of any software to meet all its users' expectations. This is why strategies such as iterative development and continuous testing are used to continually improve and refine the software over time. Option A is incorrect because high-quality software should perform efficiently and be easy to use. Option B is incorrect because software defects can indeed lead to injury, especially in fields like medical equipment or aviation. Option C is incorrect because high-quality software development requires adherence to a set of principles and best practices, such as code reviews and testing.

Question 19

In an attempt to limit their liability in the event of nonperformance, software suppliers frequently write which of the following?
A)manuals
B)warnings
C)warranties
D)sureties

Accepted Answer

Software suppliers often write warranties in an attempt to limit their liability in the event of nonperformance. A warranty is a guarantee that a product meets certain standards or specifications and can often limit the supplier's liability for product defects or failures. Manuals and warnings are not used specifically for limiting liability, and "sureties" is not a common term in this context.

Question 20

Which of the following is a standard, proven work process that enables those involved to make controlled and orderly progress in developing high-quality software?
A)software guide
B)software development methodology
C)software manual
D)software project management

Accepted Answer

A software development methodology is a standard, proven work process that enables those involved to make controlled and orderly progress in developing high-quality software. Options A, C, and D are not specific processes for software development methodology, but rather related documents or processes.

Quiz 7: Ethical Decisions in Software Development

Which of the following are defined as a set of interrelated components that include hardware, software, databases, networks, people, and procedures that collect data, process it, and disseminate the output?

Transference is the provision of multiple interchangeable components to perform a single function in order to cope with failures and errors.

Which of the following can be oral, written, or inferred from the seller's conduct?

When sued for which of the following, a software supplier is not held responsible for every product defect that causes customer or third-party loss?

In the context of Capability Maturity Model Integration, process is ad hoc and chaotic; organization tends to overcommit and processes are often abandoned during times of crisis in which of the following maturity levels?

In which of the following is a defendant held responsible for injuring another person, regardless of negligence or intent?

Process-control computers enable the process to be monitored for variations from operating standards and to eliminate product defects before they affect which of the following?

Risk mitigation involves the reduction in either the likelihood or the impact of the occurrence of a risk.

Products, such as statements of requirements, flowcharts, and user documentation, are known as which of the following?

Black-box testing treats the software unit as a device that has expected input and output behaviors but whose internal workings are known.

A failure mode describes how a product or process could fail to perform the desired functions described by the customer.

Risk is the potential of gaining or losing something of value.

If the product fails to meet the terms of its written guarantee, the buyer or lessee can sue for which of the following?

An airline's online ticket-reservation system and an electronic funds transfer system that moves money among banks, are examples of which of the following?

Which of the following is true of software testing?

A type of business system which is used to develop accurate forecasts of customer demand, recommend stocks and bonds for an investment portfolio is known as which of the following?

Software quality is defined as the degree to which a software product meets:

Which of the following is true of strategies for engineering quality software?

In an attempt to limit their liability in the event of nonperformance, software suppliers frequently write which of the following?

Which of the following is a standard, proven work process that enables those involved to make controlled and orderly progress in developing high-quality software?