Question 1

A vertical column in the periodic table is called a:

Accepted Answer

A vertical column in the periodic table is called a family or a group. This is because elements in the same column have similar chemical and physical properties due to having the same number of valence electrons.

Question 2

Which of the following statements about Mendeleev's periodic table is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

Mendeleev arranged elements based on increasing atomic mass, not atomic number. The concept of atomic number was introduced later, leading to the modern periodic table.

Question 3

On the planet Invertios, boron has two isotopes as follows: Isotope Mass (amu) Natural Abundance (%)
Boron-10 10.0129 80.00
Boron-11 11.0093 20.00
Estimate the relative atomic mass of boron on Invertios.

Accepted Answer

To calculate the relative atomic mass of boron on Invertios, we need to use the formula:

Relative atomic mass = (isotope mass x natural abundance/100) + (isotope mass x natural abundance/100)

Plugging in the values for boron-10 and boron-11 on Invertios, we get:

Relative atomic mass = (10.0129 amu x 80.00/100) + (11.0093 amu x 20.00/100)
Relative atomic mass = 8.0103 amu + 2.2019 amu
Relative atomic mass = 10.2122 amu

Rounding off to one decimal place, the answer is 10.2 amu, which is choice B.

Question 4

Which of the following statements about the modern periodic table in your text is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

The modern periodic table is arranged by increasing atomic number, not atomic mass. This was a key revision from Mendeleev's initial arrangement, which was based on atomic mass but led to some inconsistencies that were resolved by organizing elements by their atomic number.

Question 5

The isotope symbol for an ion that has 12 protons, 12 neutrons, and 10 electrons is:

Accepted Answer

The answer of The isotope symbol for an ion that...

Question 6

A horizontal row of elements in the periodic table is called a:

Accepted Answer

A horizontal row of elements in the periodic table is called a period.

Question 7

The isotope symbol for an ion that has 11 protons, 12 neutrons, and 10 electrons is:

Accepted Answer

The answer of The isotope symbol for an ion that...

Question 8

Which of the following contains 18 neutrons?

Accepted Answer

The sulfur isotope ³⁴S has 16 protons (since sulfur's atomic number is 16) and 18 neutrons (34 - 16 = 18).

Question 9

Which of the following does not apply to the main-group elements?

Accepted Answer

Main-group elements are in groups labeled with the letter A, not B. Group B elements are transition elements.

Question 10

On the planet Melmac, in a galaxy far, far away, argon has three naturally occurring isotopes as follows: Isotope Mass (amu) Natural Abundance (%)
Argon-40 39.962 74.20
Argon-38 37.963 15.15
Argon-36 35.968 10.65
What is the relative atomic mass of argon on Melmac?

Accepted Answer

To calculate the relative atomic mass of argon on Melmac, multiply the mass of each isotope by its natural abundance (as a decimal), then sum these values: (39.962 * 0.742) + (37.963 * 0.1515) + (35.968 * 0.1065) = 29.67 + 5.75 + 3.83 = 39.25 amu, which rounds to 39.23 amu as the closest answer.

Question 11

If an element, El, has two isotopes with the following masses and abundances: ³⁸El 38.012 amu 75.68% ⁴⁶El 45.974 amu 24.32% What would be the identity of this element?

Accepted Answer

The answer of If an element, El, has two isotopes...

Question 12

How many protons, neutrons, and electrons are in an atom of ¹⁹⁷Au, the most common isotope of gold?

Accepted Answer

Gold (Au) has an atomic number of 79, which means it has 79 protons and, in a neutral atom, 79 electrons. The most common isotope of gold has a mass number of 197, which is the sum of protons and neutrons. Therefore, it has 197 - 79 = 118 neutrons.

Question 13

Naturally occurring copper consists of copper-63 (62.9296 amu), and copper-65 (64.9278 amu). Using the relative atomic mass from the periodic table, which of the following is the best estimate of the percent abundance of the two isotopes of copper?

Accepted Answer

The average atomic mass of copper on the periodic table is 63.55 amu, which is closer to the mass of copper-63. This suggests that there must be a higher abundance of copper-63. Based on the masses given for copper-63 and copper-65, we can calculate the weighted average as follows:
(0.75)(62.9296 amu) + (0.25)(64.9278 amu) = 63.55 amu
Therefore, the best estimate of the percent abundance is 75% copper-63 and 25% copper-65.

Question 14

Which of the following terms does not apply to the major categories of elements in the periodic table?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following terms does not...

Question 15

Which of the following statements does not apply to metalloids?

Accepted Answer

Metalloids have properties that are intermediate between metals and nonmetals. While some metalloids such as silicon and germanium are semiconductors (meaning they have electrical conductivity between that of a metal and an insulator), not all metalloids are electrical insulators. For example, boron is a metalloid but has a relatively low electrical resistivity.

Question 16

Sodium reacts vigorously with water to form hydrogen gas and a compound containing sodium ions. Which other element is expected to react with water in a similar way?

Accepted Answer

Potassium is located in the same group (Group 1) as sodium on the periodic table and therefore has similar chemical properties, including a tendency to react vigorously with water.

Question 17

Which one of the following has more neutrons than protons?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which one of the following has more...

Question 18

Boron has two isotopes: B-10 and B-11, with masses of 10.013 amu and 11.009 amu, respectively. The relative atomic mass of boron is 10.81 amu. Which statement best describes the percent abundance of the isotopes of boron?

Accepted Answer

The relative atomic mass of boron is closer to the mass of B-11, indicating that there must be a greater abundance of B-11 than B-10.

Question 19

Which of the following statements regarding relative atomic masses is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

The terms "mass number" and "relative atomic mass" cannot be used interchangeably. Mass number refers to the total number of protons and neutrons in an atom, while relative atomic mass considers the natural abundance of each isotope of an element.

Question 20

The isotope symbol for an ion that has 13 protons, 14 neutrons, and 10 electrons is:

Accepted Answer

The answer of The isotope symbol for an ion that...

Quiz 2: Atoms, Ions, and the Periodic Table

A vertical column in the periodic table is called a:

Which of the following statements about Mendeleev's periodic table is incorrect?

On the planet Invertios, boron has two isotopes as follows: Isotope Mass (amu) Natural Abundance (%) Boron-10 10.0129 80.00 Boron-11 11.0093 20.00 Estimate the relative atomic mass of boron on Invertios.

Which of the following statements about the modern periodic table in your text is incorrect?

The isotope symbol for an ion that has 12 protons, 12 neutrons, and 10 electrons is:

A horizontal row of elements in the periodic table is called a:

The isotope symbol for an ion that has 11 protons, 12 neutrons, and 10 electrons is:

Which of the following contains 18 neutrons?

Which of the following does not apply to the main-group elements?

On the planet Melmac, in a galaxy far, far away, argon has three naturally occurring isotopes as follows: Isotope Mass (amu) Natural Abundance (%) Argon-40 39.962 74.20 Argon-38 37.963 15.15 Argon-36 35.968 10.65 What is the relative atomic mass of argon on Melmac?

If an element, El, has two isotopes with the following masses and abundances: ³⁸El 38.012 amu 75.68% ⁴⁶El 45.974 amu 24.32% What would be the identity of this element?

How many protons, neutrons, and electrons are in an atom of ¹⁹⁷Au, the most common isotope of gold?

Naturally occurring copper consists of copper-63 (62.9296 amu) , and copper-65 (64.9278 amu) . Using the relative atomic mass from the periodic table, which of the following is the best estimate of the percent abundance of the two isotopes of copper?

Which of the following terms does not apply to the major categories of elements in the periodic table?

Which of the following statements does not apply to metalloids?

Sodium reacts vigorously with water to form hydrogen gas and a compound containing sodium ions. Which other element is expected to react with water in a similar way?

Which one of the following has more neutrons than protons?

Boron has two isotopes: B-10 and B-11, with masses of 10.013 amu and 11.009 amu, respectively. The relative atomic mass of boron is 10.81 amu. Which statement best describes the percent abundance of the isotopes of boron?

Which of the following statements regarding relative atomic masses is incorrect?

The isotope symbol for an ion that has 13 protons, 14 neutrons, and 10 electrons is:

Quiz 2: Atoms, Ions, and the Periodic Table

A vertical column in the periodic table is called a:

Which of the following statements about Mendeleev's periodic table is incorrect?

On the planet Invertios, boron has two isotopes as follows: Isotope Mass (amu) Natural Abundance (%) Boron-10 10.0129 80.00 Boron-11 11.0093 20.00 Estimate the relative atomic mass of boron on Invertios.

Which of the following statements about the modern periodic table in your text is incorrect?

The isotope symbol for an ion that has 12 protons, 12 neutrons, and 10 electrons is:

A horizontal row of elements in the periodic table is called a:

The isotope symbol for an ion that has 11 protons, 12 neutrons, and 10 electrons is:

Which of the following contains 18 neutrons?

Which of the following does not apply to the main-group elements?

On the planet Melmac, in a galaxy far, far away, argon has three naturally occurring isotopes as follows: Isotope Mass (amu) Natural Abundance (%) Argon-40 39.962 74.20 Argon-38 37.963 15.15 Argon-36 35.968 10.65 What is the relative atomic mass of argon on Melmac?

If an element, El, has two isotopes with the following masses and abundances: 38El 38.012 amu 75.68% 46El 45.974 amu 24.32% What would be the identity of this element?

How many protons, neutrons, and electrons are in an atom of 197Au, the most common isotope of gold?

Naturally occurring copper consists of copper-63 (62.9296 amu) , and copper-65 (64.9278 amu) . Using the relative atomic mass from the periodic table, which of the following is the best estimate of the percent abundance of the two isotopes of copper?

Which of the following terms does not apply to the major categories of elements in the periodic table?

Which of the following statements does not apply to metalloids?

Sodium reacts vigorously with water to form hydrogen gas and a compound containing sodium ions. Which other element is expected to react with water in a similar way?

Which one of the following has more neutrons than protons?

Boron has two isotopes: B-10 and B-11, with masses of 10.013 amu and 11.009 amu, respectively. The relative atomic mass of boron is 10.81 amu. Which statement best describes the percent abundance of the isotopes of boron?

Which of the following statements regarding relative atomic masses is incorrect?

The isotope symbol for an ion that has 13 protons, 14 neutrons, and 10 electrons is:

If an element, El, has two isotopes with the following masses and abundances: ³⁸El 38.012 amu 75.68% ⁴⁶El 45.974 amu 24.32% What would be the identity of this element?

How many protons, neutrons, and electrons are in an atom of ¹⁹⁷Au, the most common isotope of gold?