Question 1

The nurse is caring for a patient who is experiencing diabetes-related visual changes.The nurse correctly explains to the patient that vision-related complications of diabetes are caused by:

Accepted Answer

Prolonged periods of hyperglycemia cause damage to the retina from bleeding.Insulin does not result in visual changes in the patient with diabetes.Lens opacity and corneal dryness will not promote vision-related complications in the patient with diabetes mellitus.

Question 2

The nurse explains that,when the physician takes a tonometer reading,the reading reflects the amount of pressure applied by the:

Accepted Answer

The tonometer reads the pressure exerted by the aqueous humor in the anterior chamber.The sclera is the part of the eyeball that is opaque white and covers the posterior portion of the eyeball.The vitreous humor is the substance found in the posterior chamber of the eye between the lens and the retina.The cornea is a transparent structure in the eye that allows light to hit the lens.It is involved in the bending of light rays.

Question 3

In orienting a visually impaired patient to a meal plate,the most appropriate actions of the nurse would include:

Accepted Answer

Identifying food location by position on an imaginary clock face is helpful to the visually impaired patient.

Question 4

When assessing for macular degeneration,the nurse will use which assessment tool?

Accepted Answer

The Amsler grid test assesses the extent of macular degeneration by noting the patient's perception of missing or wavy lines on the grid.The Snellen eye chart is used to assess visual acuity.Visual field assessments may be used to assess peripheral vision.

Question 5

The nurse is teaching a group of schoolchildren about the relationship between diet and vision.The nurse encourages the ingestion of foods high in vitamin A.Which food is considered a good source of this vitamin?

Accepted Answer

Vitamin A protects against night blindness,slow adaptation to darkness,and glare blindness.The carotenoids are the precursors for vitamin A and are found in green leafy and yellow vegetables.

Question 6

The nurse is observing a patient read a pamphlet.The nurse notes that the patient has her head tilted to the side.Which inference can the nurse make about these behaviors?

Accepted Answer

Tilting the head may indicate a visual disturbance such as double vision or that one eye is stronger than the other.Squinting may be associated with poor vision.Nystagmus refers to involuntary eye movements.Shading the eyes may be noted with photophobia.

Question 7

The nurse uses a visual aid to show how the ______ refracts light rays to be directed to the lens.

Accepted Answer

The cornea bends or refracts the light rays onto the retina.The pupil acts to regulate the entrance of light into the eye.The ciliary body helps to change the shape of the eye for far and near vision.The retina is the inner coat of the eyeball and is found in the posterior portion of it.The retina contains several layers.The layer with rods and cones acts as the receptor for light images.

Question 8

The nurse assesses the age-related changes that occur in the eye.Which findings would be consistent with aging? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

Subcutaneous fat decreases with aging.All other options occur with aging.

Question 9

The visually impaired person has entered the outpatient clinic with a guide dog.What action by the nurse is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

The dog should not be distracted while it is working.The dog will seat the patient if possible;if not,the nurse can ask how best the patient can be directed.

Question 10

The nurse is reviewing the health history of a 26-year-old patient.Which finding is consistent with recommendations concerning preventive eye examinations?

Accepted Answer

Adults should have an eye examination once between ages 20 and 29,twice between ages 30 and 39,and a baseline screening at age 40.After age 65,eyes should be examined by an eye specialist every 2 years.

Question 11

The nurse is caring for a patient who has come to the clinic with reports of an eye disorder.The assessment reveals a small,hard lesion on the eyelid.The nurse is aware that which condition is consistent with these findings?

Accepted Answer

Chalazion is an internal stye caused by infection of the meibomian gland.

Question 12

The student nurse is ambulating with a blind patient.Which actions indicate the need for further instruction by the nursing instructor? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

Allowing the patient who is visually impaired to hold the nurse's arm and follow is the most effective and safe technique.

Question 13

The patient is experiencing frequent attacks of vertigo.When planning care,the nurse may encourage which potential remedy?

Accepted Answer

Cessation of smoking will decrease incidence of vertigo in the person with middle ear disorders.

Question 14

The nurse is assessing an 84-year-old patient.Which finding is consistent with aging?

Accepted Answer

Thickened,hard cerumen collections in the outer ear can disrupt sound conduction and impair hearing.Age-related changes may include reduced perception of low-frequency sounds.Pain in the outer ear is not a normal change related to aging,nor is increased hair on the pinna.

Question 15

The nurse cautions her teenage daughter that eye cosmetics should be discarded every:

Accepted Answer

Eye cosmetics should be discarded every 6 months to prevent infection.

Question 16

The nurse explains to the patient that the assessment of a choked disc while examining the fundus of the eye indicates:

Accepted Answer

Visualization of the optic disc provides information about the pressure within the eye and within the skull.When intracranial pressure gets higher,the optic disc appears "swollen" or "choked."

Question 17

The nurse recalls that the Healthy People 2020 objectives for vision include directives for: (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

Vision screening for children should begin at age 5.All other options listed are objectives as cited by Healthy People 2020.

Question 18

A 40-year-old patient has questioned the nurse about being tested for glaucoma.To encourage eye health,the nurse should encourage the patient to have a glaucoma test every:

Accepted Answer

Glaucoma testing should be done every 2 to 3 years for people over age 40.

Question 19

An office assistant tells the nurse his job requires him to work at his computer 7 to 8 hours each day.What preventive information should the nurse provide to the patient?

Accepted Answer

Resting the muscles of the eye every several hours helps prevent eye fatigue.Protective goggles will not help to prevent eye strain.There is no indication the patient has visual disturbances or eye irritation.

Question 20

The nurse is caring for a blind patient.When the nurse enters the patient's room,which action is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

Speaking to the person by name allows the patient to know someone has entered the room and will avoid startling the patient.

Quiz 26: the Sensory System: Eye and Ear

The nurse is caring for a patient who is experiencing diabetes-related visual changes.The nurse correctly explains to the patient that vision-related complications of diabetes are caused by: