Question 1

Which of the following statements about toddlers and word order is true?

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that children have some understanding of word order before they start combining words themselves, indicating an innate or early-developed sense of syntax.

Question 2

Which of the following lists names the periods of language development in the correct chronological order?

Accepted Answer

The correct chronological order is holophrastic speech, telegraphic speech, three-word utterances, and then complex sentences.

Question 3

Which of the following phrases is an example of overregularization?

Accepted Answer

Overregularization occurs when children apply regular grammatical patterns to words that are exceptions, such as using "gooses" instead of "geese."

Question 4

Toddler Arielle sees a baby being tickled by a boy and hears her mother say, "The boy is tickling the baby." Arielle has never heard anyone use the word "tickling." Arielle figures out that "tickling" is what the boy is doing to the baby, not what the baby is doing (laughing and waving her arms in delight), through: ______.

Accepted Answer

Arielle uses syntactic bootstrapping, which involves using the grammatical structure of a sentence to figure out the meaning of a new word.

Question 5

Toddler Arielle sees a baby being tickled by a boy and hears her mother say, "The boy is tickling the baby."Arielle has never heard anyone use the word "tickling." What is Arielle's train of thought likely to be?

Accepted Answer

Arielle is likely to associate the word "tickling" with the action performed by the boy, as her mother explicitly stated, "The boy is tickling the baby," which provides a clear context for the word's meaning.

Question 6

When preschool children were shown a picture of a catlike animal and an experimenter either simply labeled the animal "dog" (Group A) or said, "You're not going to believe this, but this is actually a dog" (Group B), how likely were the children to extend the word to other catlike stimuli?

Accepted Answer

Group A was more reluctant than Group B to extend the word because the experimenter's statement in Group B made the children more likely to believe that the animal was actually a dog, even though it looked like a cat.

Question 7

Children's first sentences can often be described as:

Accepted Answer

Children's first sentences are often described as "telegraphic speech," which involves using short and simple combinations of words, similar to a telegram, to convey meaning without using unnecessary words.

Question 8

Children are MOST likely to extend a novel noun to a novel object with the same:

Accepted Answer

Children often use shape as the primary basis for extending a novel noun to a novel object, a concept known as the "shape bias."

Question 9

Which of the following cues would a young child be incapable of using when interpreting the meaning of a novel word used by an adult?

Accepted Answer

Young children are capable of using all these cues to interpret the meaning of novel words, as they are adept at using social and linguistic cues from adults.

Question 10

Imagine that a young child is presented with a novel word, "encyclopedia," when her grandmother says, "Oh, look at the encyclopedia." In front of the child are two objects, a bright pink-covered book-"book" is a word the child already knows-and a green onion, an object the child has never seen before. The child is MOST likely to make the assumption that the novel word refers to the:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Imagine that a young child is presented...

Question 11

Which of the following expressions is an example of telegraphic speech?

Accepted Answer

Telegraphic speech is characterized by short, simple sentences that contain only essential words, like "Want Mommy!"

Question 12

The study by Brown in which preschool children were shown hands kneading material in a container demonstrated that young children tend to interpret "some sib" as:

Accepted Answer

The study by Brown showed that young children interpreted "some sib" as referring to the material being kneaded, indicating their tendency to associate the term with the substance rather than the action or container.

Question 13

Which of the following is the most developmentally advanced utterance?

Accepted Answer

"Am reading book" is the most developmentally advanced utterance because it uses correct grammar and syntax, and it demonstrates an understanding of verb tense.

Question 14

Toddler Seth calls all his stuffed animals, including teddy bears, bunnies, dogs, and ducks, "bear." When shown pictures of a teddy bear and a toy stuffed rabbit and asked to point to the bear, which of the following behaviors is Seth's MOST likely response?

Accepted Answer

Seth calls all his stuffed animals "bear," so he is likely to point to the teddy bear when asked to point to the bear, even though the other object is a rabbit.

Question 15

Syntactic bootstrapping refers to children's use of the_______ as a cue to figure out the meaning of a novel word?

Accepted Answer

Syntactic bootstrapping is the process by which children use the grammatical structure of a sentence to infer the meaning of a new word.

Question 16

Which of the following statementsis an example of an overextension?

Accepted Answer

Overextension occurs when a child uses a word in a broader context than is appropriate, such as using "cup" for all containers that hold liquid.

Question 17

Children typically move from_______ -word utterances to forming complex sentences.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Children typically move from_______ -word utterances to...

Question 18

Children's overregularization errors are an indicator that they:

Accepted Answer

Overregularization errors occur when children apply grammatical rules too broadly, indicating they have internalized these rules.

Question 19

The first time John hears the word "adults" is when his father explains to him that the locked cabinet is for "adults, not children." John uses the contrastive use of the familiar word "children" with the unfamiliar word "adults" to learn this new word. John has learned the new word by a process referred to as:

Accepted Answer

Fast mapping is a process by which children learn new words by mapping them onto existing concepts. In this case, John maps the new word "adults" onto the familiar concept of "children."

Question 20

Which of the following phrases is MOST likely to be spoken by a child in the telegraphic speech phase?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following phrases is MOST...

Quiz 6: Development of Language and Symbol Use