Question 1

Which of the diagrams in the figure best represents an aqueous solution of Na₂SO₄? A)I B)II C)III D)either I or III E)none of these is correct

Accepted Answer

B

Question 2

Which of the following equations describes what happens when CH₃OH(l) dissolves in water? A)CH₃OH(l) $\rightarrow$ C(aq) + 4H(aq) + O(aq) B)CH₃OH(l) $\rightarrow$ C²^-aq) + 4H⁺(aq) + O²^-(aq) C)2CH₃OH(l) $\rightarrow$ 2C(aq) + 4H₂(aq) + O₂(aq) D)CH₃OH(l) $\rightarrow$ CH₃OH(aq) E)CH₃OH(l) + H₂O(l) $\rightarrow$ CH₅O₂H(l)

Accepted Answer

When CH₃OH (methanol) dissolves in water, it simply disperses as CH₃OH(aq) without dissociating into ions or forming new compounds.

Question 3

What ions, atoms, or molecules (in addition to the water molecules) are present after HNO₃(l) mixes with water? A)HNO₃(l) B)HNO₃(aq) C)H⁺(aq) + NO₃^-(aq) D)H(aq) + NO₃(aq) E)H(aq) + N(aq) + 3O(aq)

Accepted Answer

When HNO₃(l) mixes with water, it undergoes hydrolysis to form the ions H⁺ and NO₃^- in solution. Therefore, the best choice(s) are C. Option A is incorrect as it only includes the original compound before it has mixed with water. Option B is incorrect as it incorrectly assumes that the entire compound becomes aqueous. Option D is incorrect as it only includes two ions that could theoretically form but does not account for the specific products of hydrolysis. Option E is incorrect as it includes an unlikely dissociation of water into individual atoms.

Question 4

Which of the following substances is a strong electrolyte? A)CH₃OH B)C₆H₁₄ C)C₆H₁₂O₆ D)LiCl E)SO₂

Accepted Answer

LiCl is a salt that dissolves in water and ionizes completely into Li+ and Cl- ions, making it a strong electrolyte. The other options are organic compounds and do not ionize completely in water, making them weak electrolytes or non-electrolytes.

Question 5

Which of the diagrams in the figure best represents an aqueous solution of MgCl₂? A)I B)II C)III D)either I or III E)none of these is correct

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the diagrams in the figure...

Question 6

Which of the following should be most soluble in benzene, C₆H₆? A)H₂O B)CH₃OH C)I₂ D)NaCl E)NaNO₃

Accepted Answer

Iodine (I2) is nonpolar, like benzene, and follows the principle "like dissolves like," making it more soluble in benzene compared to the other polar or ionic substances listed.

Question 7

Which of the following substances is a strong electrolyte? A)CH₃CH₂OH B)C₈H₁₈ C)LiOH D)CO₂ E)PCl₅

Accepted Answer

Strong electrolytes are substances that completely dissociate into ions when dissolved in water. LiOH is a strong base and completely dissociates into Li+ and OH- ions in water, making it a strong electrolyte. A, B, D, and E are all either weak electrolytes or non-electrolytes.

Question 8

Which of the following should be most soluble in hexane, C₆H₁₄? A)NaCl B)NaNO₃ C)H₂O D)CH₃OH E)Br₂

Accepted Answer

Br₂ is nonpolar, like hexane, and follows the "like dissolves like" principle, making it more soluble in hexane compared to the other polar or ionic substances listed.

Question 9

Which of the following statements regarding the rule "like dissolves like" is incorrect? A)Since cooking oil is composed primarily of hydrocarbons, it is soluble in water. B)Oxygen, O₂, is not very soluble in water. C)Methanol, CH₃OH, is water-soluble. D)Cooking oil, a nonpolar substance, is soluble in heptane, C₇H₁₆. E)Sodium nitrate, NaNO₃, is soluble in water.

Accepted Answer

Cooking oil is primarily composed of hydrocarbons, which are nonpolar and do not interact well with polar water molecules. Therefore, it is not soluble in water. This contradicts statement A, which suggests that cooking oil is soluble in water.

Question 10

Which of the following substances is a strong electrolyte? A)CH₃CH₂OH B)C₆H₆ C)KOH D)SO₂ E)PCl₃

Accepted Answer

Potassium hydroxide (KOH) is a strong electrolyte because it completely dissociates into ions in aqueous solution, allowing it to conduct electricity well. The other options either contain weak electrolytes or non-electrolytes.

Question 11

What ions, atoms, or molecules are present after CH₃CH₂OH(l) mixes with water? A)CH₃CH₂OH(aq) and H₂O(l) B)CH₃CH₂O^-(aq), H⁺(aq), and H₂O(l) C)CH₃CH₂O^-(aq), and H₃O⁺(aq) D)2C(aq), 6H(aq), and H₂O₂(l) E)CH₃⁺(aq), CH₂O^-(aq), H⁺(aq), and H₂O(l)

Accepted Answer

When ethanol (CH₃CH₂OH) mixes with water, it dissolves but does not ionize, so the solution contains ethanol molecules (CH₃CH₂OH(aq)) and water (H₂O(l)).

Question 12

Which of the following substances is a nonelectrolyte? A)NaNO₃ B)LiOH C)C₆H₁₂O₆ D)LiCN E)CsCl

Accepted Answer

C₆H₁₂O₆ (glucose) is a nonelectrolyte because it does not dissociate into ions in solution, unlike the other substances listed, which are ionic compounds and dissociate into ions.

Question 13

Which of the following equations describes what happens when HCl(g) dissolves in water? A)HCl(g) $\rightarrow$ H⁺(aq) + Cl^-(aq) B)HCl(g) $\rightarrow$ H(aq) + Cl(aq) C)2HCl(g) $\rightarrow$ H₂(aq) + Cl₂(aq) D)2HCl(g) $\rightarrow$ H₂(g) + Cl₂(g) E)HCl(g) + H₂O(l) $\rightarrow$ H₃OCl(l)

Accepted Answer

When HCl(g) dissolves in water, it undergoes a chemical reaction with water molecules to form hydronium ions (H3O+) and chloride ions (Cl-). This reaction is represented by the equation: HCl(g) + H2O(l) → H3O+(aq) + Cl-(aq).

Question 14

Which of the following substances is a nonelectrolyte? A)Na₂SO₄ B)CH₃OH C)KOH D)LiNO₃ E)RbCl

Accepted Answer

A nonelectrolyte is a substance that does not dissociate into ions when dissolved in water. Choice B (CH3OH) is a molecular compound and does not dissociate into ions when dissolved in water, making it a nonelectrolyte. The other choices are all ionic compounds and will dissociate into ions in water, making them electrolytes.

Question 15

Which of the following should be most soluble in water? A)Vitamin C (a very good hydrogen bonder) B)Vitamin A (a mostly nonpolar molecule) C)C₆H₆(l) D)I₂(s) E)O₂(g)

Accepted Answer

Vitamin C is a polar molecule with numerous hydroxyl and carbonyl groups, making it a very good hydrogen bonder. This allows it to form strong interactions with water molecules, making it the most soluble out of the options given.

Question 16

Which of the following substances is a nonelectrolyte? A)KMnO₄ B)CH₃CH₂OH C)NaOH D)K₂SO₄ E)Na₂O

Accepted Answer

A nonelectrolyte is a substance that does not dissociate into ions when dissolved in water, therefore it does not conduct electricity. Option B (CH3CH2OH) is a type of alcohol and is a nonelectrolyte. The other options contain ions and will dissociate into ions in water, making them electrolytes.

Question 17

Which of the following should be most soluble in water? A)fat (a nonpolar triglyceride molecule) B)C₆H₆(l) C)CH₃NH₂(l) D)I₂(s) E)O₂(g)

Accepted Answer

CH₃NH₂(l) is a polar molecule due to the presence of nitrogen and oxygen atoms, which can interact with water molecules via hydrogen bonding. Therefore, it is the most likely to be soluble in water compared to the other options. Fat (A) is nonpolar and not soluble in water. C₆H₆(l), I₂(s), and O₂(g) are also nonpolar, and therefore, not likely to be soluble in water.

Question 18

What ions, atoms, or molecules (in addition to the water molecules) are present after Na₂SO₄(s) mixes with water? A)Na₂SO₄(l) B)Na₂SO₄(aq) C)Na⁺(aq) + NaSO₄^-(aq) D)Na₂SO₃²⁺(aq) + O²^-(aq) E)2Na⁺(aq) + SO₄²^-(aq)

Accepted Answer

When Na₂SO₄ dissolves in water, it dissociates into 2 Na⁺ ions and 1 SO₄²⁻ ion in aqueous solution.

Question 19

Which of the following statements regarding the rule "like dissolves like" is incorrect? A)Since grease is nonpolar, it is not soluble in water. B)Nitrogen, N₂, is not very soluble in water. C)Methanol, CH₃OH, is not very water-soluble. D)Butane, C₄H₁₀, is soluble in cooking oil, a nonpolar substance. E)Calcium nitrate, Ca(NO₃), is soluble in water.

Accepted Answer

The statement that methanol is not very water-soluble is incorrect. Methanol is actually very water-soluble because it is polar, like water. The other statements are all true and follow the "like dissolves like" rule.

Question 20

Which of the following statements regarding the rule "like dissolves like" is incorrect? A)Since cooking oil is composed primarily of hydrocarbons, it is insoluble in water. B)Iodine, I₂, is very soluble in water. C)Ethanol, CH₃CH₂OH, is water-soluble. D)Cooking oil, a nonpolar substance, is soluble in hexane, C₆H₁₄. E)Potassium nitrate, KNO₃, is soluble in water.

Accepted Answer

Iodine, a nonpolar molecule, is actually insoluble in water. It is soluble in organic solvents like chloroform or carbon tetrachloride. Therefore, statement B is incorrect.

Quiz 11: Solutions

Which of the diagrams in the figure best represents an aqueous solution of Na2SO4?

Which of the following equations describes what happens when CH3OH(l) dissolves in water?

What ions, atoms, or molecules (in addition to the water molecules) are present after HNO3(l) mixes with water?

Which of the following substances is a strong electrolyte?

Which of the diagrams in the figure best represents an aqueous solution of MgCl2?

Which of the following should be most soluble in benzene, C6H6?

Which of the following substances is a strong electrolyte?

Which of the following should be most soluble in hexane, C6H14?

Which of the following statements regarding the rule "like dissolves like" is incorrect?

Which of the following substances is a strong electrolyte?

What ions, atoms, or molecules are present after CH3CH2OH(l) mixes with water?

Which of the following substances is a nonelectrolyte?

Which of the following equations describes what happens when HCl(g) dissolves in water?

Which of the following substances is a nonelectrolyte?

Which of the following should be most soluble in water?

Which of the following substances is a nonelectrolyte?

Which of the following should be most soluble in water?

What ions, atoms, or molecules (in addition to the water molecules) are present after Na2SO4(s) mixes with water?

Which of the following statements regarding the rule "like dissolves like" is incorrect?

Which of the following statements regarding the rule "like dissolves like" is incorrect?

Which of the diagrams in the figure best represents an aqueous solution of Na₂SO₄?

Which of the following equations describes what happens when CH₃OH(l) dissolves in water?

What ions, atoms, or molecules (in addition to the water molecules) are present after HNO₃(l) mixes with water?

Which of the diagrams in the figure best represents an aqueous solution of MgCl₂?

Which of the following should be most soluble in benzene, C₆H₆?

Which of the following should be most soluble in hexane, C₆H₁₄?

What ions, atoms, or molecules are present after CH₃CH₂OH(l) mixes with water?

What ions, atoms, or molecules (in addition to the water molecules) are present after Na₂SO₄(s) mixes with water?