Question 1

IDENTIFYING ADEQUATELY DEVELOPED PARAGRAPHS
Each of the following body paragraphs is part of a larger essay. Two of the paragraphs provide sufficient details to support their topic sentences convincingly. Write AD for adequate development beside those paragraphs. There are also two paragraphs that, in large part, use vague, wordy, or general sentences as a substitute for real supporting details. Write U for underdeveloped beside those paragraphs.
-______ 4. Another strange habit shoppers have is rejecting any item that is on top, first in line, or up front. For example, no one takes the top newspaper in a stack or the first magazine in the rack; instead, the shopper takes the second one. Customers also choose the milk or yogurt carton that is farthest away from the front of the shelf, even if the freshness dates are identical. The same principle works with fruit or vegetables. The apple on top of the pile or the stalk of celery nearest the aisle may be perfect, but it will be passed over. Shoppers will stand on tiptoe to reach the rear of the bin or tunnel beneath the pile of produce to find a superior item they believe is hidden there.

Accepted Answer

AD

Question 2

IDENTIFYING TRANSITIONS AND OTHER CONNECTING WORDS
The following selections use transitions, repeated words, synonyms, and pronouns to tie together ideas. The connecting words you are to identify have been boldfaced. In the space provided, write T for Transition, RW for Repeated Word, S for Synonym, or P for Pronoun.
-______ 1. Charles Goodyear invented the process that produces rubber. But he died in poverty in 1860, more than $200,000 in debt.

Accepted Answer

T

Question 3

EVALUATING AN ESSAY FOR COHERENCE
Read the essay below and then answer the questions about coherence that follow.
Labeling Animals
a In some ways, the human race seems to be in its childhood. The conventional attitude toward animals, for example, makes humanity seem like a tribe of seven-year-olds pulling the wings off flies. Instead of respecting all animals as important parts of the chain of life, humans rate them according to their usefulness. Historically, humankind has failed to recognize animals as anything other than products, toys, or monsters.
b There are the products. These are the animals, such as cattle, pigs, and sheep, that provide much of the world's food. For this reason, people tend to think of them less as living creatures than as growing crops, fattening them up, herding them into slaughterhouses, and carving them into edible portions. These animals are "useful," so the general population has typically positive feelings about them. Humankind's actions show that most people are not actually fond of them. People are willing to lock baby calves into dark boxes for months and then kill them for veal, or cram thousands of chickens into tiny pens and allow them to live for only six weeks. Increased production, not humane treatment, is the bottom line.
c Perhaps the most harmful label that humans pin on animals, though, is that of monster. The general population has use at all for these creatures. They are taught from birth that sharks, snakes, bats, and alligators, for instance, are evil and dangerous. The facts about these animals make no difference to people's emotions. The fact that being attacked by a shark is less likely than being struck by lightning does not stop fishermen from holding shark-killing contests. The fact that a snake is harmless does not stop sadistic hikers from crushing it. Very few will ever be mauled by a grizzly or bobcat or torn apart by wolves, yet many support the extermination of these animals in the name of "safety."
d Advertisers label some animals as toys. These are the lucky ones-the puppies, kittens, pandas, koala bears, bunnies, and porpoises that children consider cute. Toys make people feel sentimental and protective. Many are willing to devote five minutes on the evening news to a baby panda, they stock their children's room with stuffed bunnies, and watch movies about friendly, funny porpoises. No one in their right mind would advocate a puppy-shoot or a koala-killing contest. Toy-like animals may occasionally be neglected or abused by individual owners, but polite society does not allow them to be destroyed on a wholesale basis.
e Labeling animals is not a harmless little quirk that humans have. In separating the animal kingdom into products, toys, and monsters, society has made it easier to brutalize these defenseless creatures. The practice of categorizing has dulled humanity's respect for other living beings and even led to the destruction of entire species. As people dominate animals, they forget to behave as caretakers. This results in a loss of dignity and humanity-not only for the victimized animals, but for their human counterparts as well.
-What word is a synonym for animals in the second supporting paragraph? ______________

Accepted Answer

"creatures"

Question 4

EVALUATING AN ESSAY FOR UNITY
The supporting paragraphs in the essay below contain four irrelevant sentences that do not relate to the thesis of the paper or support the topic sentences of the paragraph in which they appear. Read the essay carefully; then write the numbers of the four irrelevant sentences in the spaces provided at the bottom.
The Dangers of Housecleaning
(1) Many of the dangers of modern life are not out on the highway or in the workplace. 
(2) Instead, dangers lurk where they are least unexpected: at home. 
(3) I don't mean the dangers of faulty wiring, cheap ladders, or leaking microwaves.
 (4) No, I've found that trying to keep a clean house can be very hazardous to my health. Though our culture associates cleanliness with health and wellness, the truth is quite the opposite. Housekeeping is a deceptively risky act, forcing the cleaner to confront several potential health risks.
(5) For one thing, it does not pay to keep a clean kitchen.
 (6) The oven, for instance, fights back. 
(7) Whenever I stick my head into the oven's greasy interior to spray it with Easy-Off, I end up being choked by a chemical cloud.
 (8) I am glad I don't live in the city, where I would have to put up with air pollution as well. 
(9) When I scrub off the foam, I always break off my nails on the black, rock-hard globs cemented to the oven door.
 (10) Cleaning the refrigerator can be dangerous, too. 
(11) As I lean down to wipe out the vegetable drawer, the open freezer lies in wait.
 (12) It knows I must straighten up again, and that I will inevitably bang my head on the freezer door. 
(13) Garbage bags also resist tidiness. 
(14) When I pull a bag out of the kitchen can, seams split and liquid seeps out onto my shoes. 
(15) A jagged can lid slices through the bag, ready to slash my legs if I should bump the bag. 
(16) The only bags that don't rip open, it seems, are the ones that cost a fortune to buy.
(17) The living room becomes another danger zone when I attempt to clean.
 (18) The light fixtures on the ceiling, for example, resent being taken down for cleaning.
 (19) They refuse to come loose from the screws that anchor them; then they drop like rocks to the floor. 
(20) Moving furniture to vacuum the rug underneath causes trouble, too. 
(21) If I drag a heavy armchair across the rug, one of its legs will snap off. 
(22) If I try to lift one side of the heavy sofa, the vacuum cord will wrap around my ankle and trip me.
 (23) Moving furniture in general is a lot easier to do when there is someone around to help.
(24) Finally, the most dangerous room to clean is the bathroom.
 (25) The bathtub will seek revenge if I try to clean it, for instance. 
(26) It will become so slippery that even a rubber bathmat won't stay put. 
(27) My particular bathtub is an odd lavender color and has such a curved bottom anyway that it is a hazard to stand in whether it is clean or not.
 (28) Taking a shower in my clean tub can end up in a disastrous slip. 
(29) The bathroom floor, too, enjoys a layer of dirt. 
(30) A clean, waxed floor will attract any stray drops of water in the room in order to turn itself into a slippery skating rink. 
(31) A job that always leads to danger is cleaning out the medicine cabinet over the sink.
 (32) No matter how careful I am, glass bottles have a way of spilling from the shelves and shattering in the sink. 
(33) And finding all the missing slivers is impossible no matter how well I clean up. 
(34) Later, as I pad into the bathroom, a glass splinter will dig itself into my foot.
(35) After the experiences I have had in my house, I have decided that keeping a clean house is not as important as I thought. Until homes are safeguarded against the hazards I've described-and chemical companies can promise healthy organic substitutes for products like Easy-Off-there is no sense in risking my well-being in the pursuit of tidiness. 
(36) Cleanliness is, in the final estimation, not worth the risk. I would rather live with the dust and grime-and stay healthy.
-Numbers of the four irrelevant sentences: _____ _____ _____ _____

Accepted Answer

The answer of EVALUATING AN ESSAY FOR UNITY
The supporting paragraphs...

Question 5

EVALUATING AN ESSAY FOR SUPPORT
The essay below lacks details at certain key spots in its three supporting paragraphs. In the spaces provided at the bottom, write in the numbers of the five sentences after which more details are needed.
Leaving Home
(1) Everyone must leave the protection of the nest sooner or later. 
(2) Whether young adults leave for college or rent a first apartment, they are certain to encounter problems during this transitional period. The benefits of facing down the pressures and complications of the real world cannot be overstated. Maturity can only be achieved after one leaves the comforts of childhood behind and grapples with the uncertainty and peril that attend personal freedom. 
(3) Therefore, young people must learn to handle their own finances, take responsibility for their lives, and cope with loneliness.
(4) Being independent means dealing with money problems. 
(5) First of all, a young person has to learn to stick to a budget. 
(6) Another part of becoming a financial grown-up is being disciplined enough to save money for emergencies. 
(7) Putting money aside in a savings account, instead of spending it instantly, takes maturity and planning.
 (8) Such a rainy-day fund can take the panic out of unexpected expenses, such as car repairs, that inevitably occur.
 (9) A young person must also work at building a good credit record.
 (10) There are some recommended ways to do that. 
(11) Bad credit references can haunt people for years.
(12) Second, young adults are faced with taking responsibility for many aspects of their personal lives-perhaps for the first time. 
(13) They must learn to meet daily obligations, without being prodded by parents or teachers. 
(14) Young people must also take responsibility for household chores. 
S1U1P1(15) S1S1P0Suddenly, there is no one to wash dishes, make beds, clean toilets, or do the laundry for them. 
(16) Putting off the chores becomes very inconvenient after a while; there are no clean clothes, and dishes have to be scraped off and reused. 
(17) The realization that there's no one else to do the chores can sometimes be a shock. 
(18) A third important responsibility young people confront is learning to look after their own health.
(19) Finally, young adults must learn to cope with loneliness.
 (20) The everyday kind of loneliness can be very painful.
 (21) Coming home to an empty apartment, with only a television for company, may give someone an empty, aching feeling. 
(22) But a young person can feel lonely surrounded by other people, too. 
(23) Sometimes, a campus filled with students or a dorm room with two other roommates in it can be a lonely place.
 (24) There is another kind of loneliness, even sharper, that young people must live with: spending certain special days alone.
(25) Leaving home is a major transition in life.
 (26) Losing touch with familiar faces and settings, even temporarily, can be very difficult. 
(27) However, all the problems young adults face are necessary ones; they build character and shape previously immature citizens into active contributors. 
(28) Learning to fly means taking risks and acquiring new skills, but this cannot be achieved without a period of discomfort. Though our youngest generation may resist the responsibilities of adulthood at first, they must surmount the obstacles that life places before them. Emerging successful and capable on the other side, they will one day be thankful for having left the nest.
Complete the following:
-The spots in the first supporting paragraphs where more details are needed occur after sentences number _____ and _____; the spots in the second supporting paragraph where more details are needed occur after sentences number _____ and _____; the spot in the third supporting paragraph where more details are needed occurs after sentence number _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of EVALUATING AN ESSAY FOR SUPPORT
The essay below...

Question 6

IDENTIFYING ADEQUATELY DEVELOPED PARAGRAPHS
Each of the following body paragraphs is part of a larger essay. Two of the paragraphs provide sufficient details to support their topic sentences convincingly. Write AD for adequate development beside those paragraphs. There are also two paragraphs that, in large part, use vague, wordy, or general sentences as a substitute for real supporting details. Write U for underdeveloped beside those paragraphs.
-______ 3. One way we could improve our lives would be by banning cars. The environment would improve, and the change for the better would be apparent in healthier lives for all of us. Without cars, Americans would have other benefits as well. An important one that should not be forgotten is the safety factor. There are many accidents that occur every year in which cars are involved. If all of these accidents could be avoided, everyone would benefit, and the country would be safer for all of us in living our everyday lives. In addition, the pace of our lives would slow down. There would be less worry and anxiety to deal with if people were not moving about in cars.

Accepted Answer

The answer of IDENTIFYING ADEQUATELY DEVELOPED PARAGRAPHS
Each of the following...

Question 7

IDENTIFYING TRANSITIONS AND OTHER CONNECTING WORDS
The following selections use transitions, repeated words, synonyms, and pronouns to tie together ideas. The connecting words you are to identify have been boldfaced. In the space provided, write T for Transition, RW for Repeated Word, S for Synonym, or P for Pronoun.
-______ 4. The finest sandpapers can buff eggshells and hull peanut skins. In contrast, the toughest abrasives can grind through inches of steel in seconds.

Accepted Answer

The answer of IDENTIFYING TRANSITIONS AND OTHER CONNECTING WORDS
The following...

Question 8

EVALUATING AN ESSAY FOR COHERENCE
Read the essay below and then answer the questions about coherence that follow.
Labeling Animals
a In some ways, the human race seems to be in its childhood. The conventional attitude toward animals, for example, makes humanity seem like a tribe of seven-year-olds pulling the wings off flies. Instead of respecting all animals as important parts of the chain of life, humans rate them according to their usefulness. Historically, humankind has failed to recognize animals as anything other than products, toys, or monsters.
b There are the products. These are the animals, such as cattle, pigs, and sheep, that provide much of the world's food. For this reason, people tend to think of them less as living creatures than as growing crops, fattening them up, herding them into slaughterhouses, and carving them into edible portions. These animals are "useful," so the general population has typically positive feelings about them. Humankind's actions show that most people are not actually fond of them. People are willing to lock baby calves into dark boxes for months and then kill them for veal, or cram thousands of chickens into tiny pens and allow them to live for only six weeks. Increased production, not humane treatment, is the bottom line.
c Perhaps the most harmful label that humans pin on animals, though, is that of monster. The general population has use at all for these creatures. They are taught from birth that sharks, snakes, bats, and alligators, for instance, are evil and dangerous. The facts about these animals make no difference to people's emotions. The fact that being attacked by a shark is less likely than being struck by lightning does not stop fishermen from holding shark-killing contests. The fact that a snake is harmless does not stop sadistic hikers from crushing it. Very few will ever be mauled by a grizzly or bobcat or torn apart by wolves, yet many support the extermination of these animals in the name of "safety."
d Advertisers label some animals as toys. These are the lucky ones-the puppies, kittens, pandas, koala bears, bunnies, and porpoises that children consider cute. Toys make people feel sentimental and protective. Many are willing to devote five minutes on the evening news to a baby panda, they stock their children's room with stuffed bunnies, and watch movies about friendly, funny porpoises. No one in their right mind would advocate a puppy-shoot or a koala-killing contest. Toy-like animals may occasionally be neglected or abused by individual owners, but polite society does not allow them to be destroyed on a wholesale basis.
e Labeling animals is not a harmless little quirk that humans have. In separating the animal kingdom into products, toys, and monsters, society has made it easier to brutalize these defenseless creatures. The practice of categorizing has dulled humanity's respect for other living beings and even led to the destruction of entire species. As people dominate animals, they forget to behave as caretakers. This results in a loss of dignity and humanity-not only for the victimized animals, but for their human counterparts as well.
-The emphatic order of the three supporting paragraphs is confused. Which supporting paragraph should come first? _____ Second? _____ Third? _____

Accepted Answer

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Read the essay...

Question 9

IDENTIFYING ADEQUATELY DEVELOPED PARAGRAPHS
Each of the following body paragraphs is part of a larger essay. Two of the paragraphs provide sufficient details to support their topic sentences convincingly. Write AD for adequate development beside those paragraphs. There are also two paragraphs that, in large part, use vague, wordy, or general sentences as a substitute for real supporting details. Write U for underdeveloped beside those paragraphs.
-______ 2. Owning a new car can have its drawbacks. For instance, the new car owner parks in the farthest-out parking spaces so that his or her car won't be scratched or dented. Then he or she winds up hiking a quarter mile or so to reach the shopping center. A new car also demands constant attention. The owner feels he or she must immediately wipe off any bird droppings, mud splashes, or water stains from the exterior, chores that those with 'junkers' never bother about. A new car, in addition, forces its owner to avoid all indoor parking garages or restaurants with valet parking. The sight of a car attendant gunning that brand-new car up a ramp or squeezing it into a tiny space could cause heart failure.

Accepted Answer

The answer of IDENTIFYING ADEQUATELY DEVELOPED PARAGRAPHS
Each of the following...

Question 10

IDENTIFYING TRANSITIONS AND OTHER CONNECTING WORDS
The following selections use transitions, repeated words, synonyms, and pronouns to tie together ideas. The connecting words you are to identify have been boldfaced. In the space provided, write T for Transition, RW for Repeated Word, S for Synonym, or P for Pronoun.
-______ 5. Too much intensive exercise can actually hurt the body. Muscles usually need a forty-eight hour rest after a good workout.

Accepted Answer

The answer of IDENTIFYING TRANSITIONS AND OTHER CONNECTING WORDS
The following...

Question 11

EVALUATING AN ESSAY FOR COHERENCE
Read the essay below and then answer the questions about coherence that follow.
Labeling Animals
a In some ways, the human race seems to be in its childhood. The conventional attitude toward animals, for example, makes humanity seem like a tribe of seven-year-olds pulling the wings off flies. Instead of respecting all animals as important parts of the chain of life, humans rate them according to their usefulness. Historically, humankind has failed to recognize animals as anything other than products, toys, or monsters.
b There are the products. These are the animals, such as cattle, pigs, and sheep, that provide much of the world's food. For this reason, people tend to think of them less as living creatures than as growing crops, fattening them up, herding them into slaughterhouses, and carving them into edible portions. These animals are "useful," so the general population has typically positive feelings about them. Humankind's actions show that most people are not actually fond of them. People are willing to lock baby calves into dark boxes for months and then kill them for veal, or cram thousands of chickens into tiny pens and allow them to live for only six weeks. Increased production, not humane treatment, is the bottom line.
c Perhaps the most harmful label that humans pin on animals, though, is that of monster. The general population has use at all for these creatures. They are taught from birth that sharks, snakes, bats, and alligators, for instance, are evil and dangerous. The facts about these animals make no difference to people's emotions. The fact that being attacked by a shark is less likely than being struck by lightning does not stop fishermen from holding shark-killing contests. The fact that a snake is harmless does not stop sadistic hikers from crushing it. Very few will ever be mauled by a grizzly or bobcat or torn apart by wolves, yet many support the extermination of these animals in the name of "safety."
d Advertisers label some animals as toys. These are the lucky ones-the puppies, kittens, pandas, koala bears, bunnies, and porpoises that children consider cute. Toys make people feel sentimental and protective. Many are willing to devote five minutes on the evening news to a baby panda, they stock their children's room with stuffed bunnies, and watch movies about friendly, funny porpoises. No one in their right mind would advocate a puppy-shoot or a koala-killing contest. Toy-like animals may occasionally be neglected or abused by individual owners, but polite society does not allow them to be destroyed on a wholesale basis.
e Labeling animals is not a harmless little quirk that humans have. In separating the animal kingdom into products, toys, and monsters, society has made it easier to brutalize these defenseless creatures. The practice of categorizing has dulled humanity's respect for other living beings and even led to the destruction of entire species. As people dominate animals, they forget to behave as caretakers. This results in a loss of dignity and humanity-not only for the victimized animals, but for their human counterparts as well.
-To what does the pronoun them refer in the third supporting paragraph? _________________

Accepted Answer

The answer of EVALUATING AN ESSAY FOR COHERENCE
Read the essay...

Question 12

IDENTIFYING TRANSITIONS AND OTHER CONNECTING WORDS
The following selections use transitions, repeated words, synonyms, and pronouns to tie together ideas. The connecting words you are to identify have been boldfaced. In the space provided, write T for Transition, RW for Repeated Word, S for Synonym, or P for Pronoun.
-______ 3. My new running shoes don't have laces that have to be tied. Instead, their Velcro opening allows them to be slipped on in an instant.

Accepted Answer

The answer of IDENTIFYING TRANSITIONS AND OTHER CONNECTING WORDS
The following...

Question 13

EVALUATING AN ESSAY FOR COHERENCE
Read the essay below and then answer the questions about coherence that follow.
Labeling Animals
a In some ways, the human race seems to be in its childhood. The conventional attitude toward animals, for example, makes humanity seem like a tribe of seven-year-olds pulling the wings off flies. Instead of respecting all animals as important parts of the chain of life, humans rate them according to their usefulness. Historically, humankind has failed to recognize animals as anything other than products, toys, or monsters.
b There are the products. These are the animals, such as cattle, pigs, and sheep, that provide much of the world's food. For this reason, people tend to think of them less as living creatures than as growing crops, fattening them up, herding them into slaughterhouses, and carving them into edible portions. These animals are "useful," so the general population has typically positive feelings about them. Humankind's actions show that most people are not actually fond of them. People are willing to lock baby calves into dark boxes for months and then kill them for veal, or cram thousands of chickens into tiny pens and allow them to live for only six weeks. Increased production, not humane treatment, is the bottom line.
c Perhaps the most harmful label that humans pin on animals, though, is that of monster. The general population has use at all for these creatures. They are taught from birth that sharks, snakes, bats, and alligators, for instance, are evil and dangerous. The facts about these animals make no difference to people's emotions. The fact that being attacked by a shark is less likely than being struck by lightning does not stop fishermen from holding shark-killing contests. The fact that a snake is harmless does not stop sadistic hikers from crushing it. Very few will ever be mauled by a grizzly or bobcat or torn apart by wolves, yet many support the extermination of these animals in the name of "safety."
d Advertisers label some animals as toys. These are the lucky ones-the puppies, kittens, pandas, koala bears, bunnies, and porpoises that children consider cute. Toys make people feel sentimental and protective. Many are willing to devote five minutes on the evening news to a baby panda, they stock their children's room with stuffed bunnies, and watch movies about friendly, funny porpoises. No one in their right mind would advocate a puppy-shoot or a koala-killing contest. Toy-like animals may occasionally be neglected or abused by individual owners, but polite society does not allow them to be destroyed on a wholesale basis.
e Labeling animals is not a harmless little quirk that humans have. In separating the animal kingdom into products, toys, and monsters, society has made it easier to brutalize these defenseless creatures. The practice of categorizing has dulled humanity's respect for other living beings and even led to the destruction of entire species. As people dominate animals, they forget to behave as caretakers. This results in a loss of dignity and humanity-not only for the victimized animals, but for their human counterparts as well.
-What are the first several words of the sentence to which the transition word First could be added in the first supporting paragraph? _____________________________

Accepted Answer

The answer of EVALUATING AN ESSAY FOR COHERENCE
Read the essay...

Question 14

IDENTIFYING ADEQUATELY DEVELOPED PARAGRAPHS
Each of the following body paragraphs is part of a larger essay. Two of the paragraphs provide sufficient details to support their topic sentences convincingly. Write AD for adequate development beside those paragraphs. There are also two paragraphs that, in large part, use vague, wordy, or general sentences as a substitute for real supporting details. Write U for underdeveloped beside those paragraphs.
-______ 1. Chaperoning a group of Girl Scouts on a canoe trip turned out to be one of the three worst experiences of my summer. The day started out wrong, first, when a scheduling mix-up occurred. A great deal of time had to be spent just getting this exasperating matter straightened out. Once we reached the river, we had problems teaching the girls how to handle their crafts. There was not the cooperation and the simple skill at moving the crafts that might have been assumed. Finally, the loss of some important supplies and some unexpected bad weather turned the whole outing into a horror show. Feeling altogether frustrated because of the many things that went wrong, I vowed that I would never again volunteer for a Scout field trip.

Accepted Answer

The answer of IDENTIFYING ADEQUATELY DEVELOPED PARAGRAPHS
Each of the following...

Question 15

EVALUATING AN ESSAY FOR COHERENCE
Read the essay below and then answer the questions about coherence that follow.
Labeling Animals
a In some ways, the human race seems to be in its childhood. The conventional attitude toward animals, for example, makes humanity seem like a tribe of seven-year-olds pulling the wings off flies. Instead of respecting all animals as important parts of the chain of life, humans rate them according to their usefulness. Historically, humankind has failed to recognize animals as anything other than products, toys, or monsters.
b There are the products. These are the animals, such as cattle, pigs, and sheep, that provide much of the world's food. For this reason, people tend to think of them less as living creatures than as growing crops, fattening them up, herding them into slaughterhouses, and carving them into edible portions. These animals are "useful," so the general population has typically positive feelings about them. Humankind's actions show that most people are not actually fond of them. People are willing to lock baby calves into dark boxes for months and then kill them for veal, or cram thousands of chickens into tiny pens and allow them to live for only six weeks. Increased production, not humane treatment, is the bottom line.
c Perhaps the most harmful label that humans pin on animals, though, is that of monster. The general population has use at all for these creatures. They are taught from birth that sharks, snakes, bats, and alligators, for instance, are evil and dangerous. The facts about these animals make no difference to people's emotions. The fact that being attacked by a shark is less likely than being struck by lightning does not stop fishermen from holding shark-killing contests. The fact that a snake is harmless does not stop sadistic hikers from crushing it. Very few will ever be mauled by a grizzly or bobcat or torn apart by wolves, yet many support the extermination of these animals in the name of "safety."
d Advertisers label some animals as toys. These are the lucky ones-the puppies, kittens, pandas, koala bears, bunnies, and porpoises that children consider cute. Toys make people feel sentimental and protective. Many are willing to devote five minutes on the evening news to a baby panda, they stock their children's room with stuffed bunnies, and watch movies about friendly, funny porpoises. No one in their right mind would advocate a puppy-shoot or a koala-killing contest. Toy-like animals may occasionally be neglected or abused by individual owners, but polite society does not allow them to be destroyed on a wholesale basis.
e Labeling animals is not a harmless little quirk that humans have. In separating the animal kingdom into products, toys, and monsters, society has made it easier to brutalize these defenseless creatures. The practice of categorizing has dulled humanity's respect for other living beings and even led to the destruction of entire species. As people dominate animals, they forget to behave as caretakers. This results in a loss of dignity and humanity-not only for the victimized animals, but for their human counterparts as well.
-What are the first several words of the sentence to which the transition word However could be added in the first supporting paragraph? _____________________________

Accepted Answer

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Question 16

IDENTIFYING TRANSITIONS AND OTHER CONNECTING WORDS
The following selections use transitions, repeated words, synonyms, and pronouns to tie together ideas. The connecting words you are to identify have been boldfaced. In the space provided, write T for Transition, RW for Repeated Word, S for Synonym, or P for Pronoun.
-______ 2. An all-out nuclear war might destroy the earth's ozone layer. Without it, we would be exposed to cancer-causing ultraviolet radiation.

Accepted Answer

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The following...

Question 17

EVALUATING AN ESSAY FOR UNITY, SUPPORT, COHERENCE,
AND SENTENCE SKILLS (I)
In this activity, you will evaluate an essay in terms of the four bases of unity, support, coherence, and sentence skills. Evaluative comments follow each supporting paragraph in the essay below. Circle the letter of the one statement that applies in each case.
-Rock Concert Fans
If rock-concert audiences are viewed only on television or in photos, the people at these events may all seem to be excited teenagers. However, to those who have actually attended a few rock shows, it is clear that several kinds of people make up the crowd. At any concert, there is the typical fan, the out-of-place person, and the troublemaker.
Typical fans, first of all, are the people one would expect to see at a particular kind of concert, these fans will vary according to the group that is playing. If the attraction is a loud, heavy-metal band, for instance. Typical fans will have long hair, drink lots of beer, and leave on motorcycles. A hip-hop group, in contrast, will attract the people who copy the group's baggy clothes and rhythmic dancing. At a concert featuring a smooth-jazz sound, fans will be clean-cut, calm, and conservatively dressed in pressed pants and knit polo shirts.
a. The paragraph contains an irrelevant sentence.
b. The paragraph lacks key supporting details at one spot.
c. The paragraph lacks transitional words.
d. The paragraph contains a fragment and a run-on.
Looking around the arena, the concert-goer will quickly spot another category of people: the ones who look out of place. This group includes uncomfortable-looking parents who insisted on coming along with their thirteen-year-olds. Parents usually appear stunned by the noise level of the band, and they check their watches every few minutes. Parents will also drag their child away before any encores so that they can get out of the parking lot quickly. Out-of-place people might include, too, the Alicia Keys fan trapped on a date with a Metallica heavy-metal freak. This fan can be seen stuffing rolled-up Kleenex into his or her ears to block out at least some of the sound. The loud guitars and rebellious attitude of heavy-metal bands mean that these concerts usually attract the rowdiest crowds, as security guards will attest.
a. The paragraph contains an irrelevant sentence.
b. The paragraph lacks key supporting details at one spot.
c. The paragraph lacks transitional words.
d. The paragraph contains a fragment and a run-on.
The third type of person at a large rock concert is the troublemaker. This is usually a male who has decided that the concert is a place where law and order do not exist. People like this will, for example, bring all kinds of forbidden items into the arena or stadium. Troublemakers also ignore basic concert manners. They will try to sit in seats that have been assigned to other people, or they will stand directly in front of a row of people who are trying to see the stage. Finally, troublemakers seem to feel that a rock concert is not worthwhile without at least one fistfight. They may scuffle with a police officer who is guarding the stage, an usher who is trying to remove them from already-taken seats, or innocent bystanders who are waiting in line at the refreshment stand.
a. The paragraph contains an irrelevant sentence.
b. The paragraph lacks key supporting details at one spot.
c. The paragraph lacks transitional words.
d. The paragraph contains a fragment and a run-on.
A rock concert brings together a wide variety of people to see a show. Some attend to see their idols, others are there to guard their children, and a few want to raise a little hell. This combination of people is sometimes more intriguing than the singer prancing around up on the stage.

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The answer of EVALUATING AN ESSAY FOR UNITY, SUPPORT, COHERENCE,
AND...

Question 18

Under each of the three thesis statements that follow is a scrambled list of primary and secondary supporting ideas. Put the ideas into logical order by filling in the outline to the right of each list.
1. Thesis: In today's world, people try to avoid silence as much as possible.
On vacation _________________________________
TV on as background noise _________________________________
At school 
Background music in cafeteria _________________________________
Computers with Internet streaming nonstop 
Noisy "toys" such as snowmobiles and dirt bikes _________________________________
At home _________________________________
Noisy places such as crowded beaches and _________________________________
 amusement parks
TV talk shows on in lounges _________________________________
2. Thesis: A marriage improves when both partners work.
Helps relationship __________________________________
Able to afford some luxuries _________________________________
Gives feeling of achievement _________________________________
Helps each individual __________________________________
Learn to appreciate time together _________________________________
Helps financially _________________________________
Eases paying monthly bills _________________________________
Gives feeling of independence _________________________________
Able to talk together about outside activities _________________________________
3. Thesis: A few tips can help you to be a smarter car buyer.
Agreeing on a price _________________________________
Consult Consumer Reports and reputable online sites _________________________________
Signing the final papers 
Shopping around _________________________________
Ask for a discount if you're paying cash _________________________________
Visit several dealers 
Make sure the loan interest rate you want is _________________________________
 specified on paper
Watch out for added contract clauses, such as _________________________________
 insurance and special warranties
Start with a lower price than you're willing to pay _________________________________

Accepted Answer

The answer of Under each of the three thesis statements...

Question 19

Locate and correct the ten sentence skills mistakes in the following passage. The mistakes are listed in the box below. As you locate mistakes, place checks in the spaces provided. Then make your corrections directly to the passage.
  Another field that seems to attract eccentric teachers is English. One of my high school English teachers Mr. Karlinsky used to carry a long wooden pointer around the room. When he spotted a student who was not paying attention. He would sneak up from behind and rap the pointer as hard as possible on the student's desk. The unexpected and earsplitting crack would cause the victims body to rise at least six inches from the desk chair. College has its share of strange English teachers as well, for example, one of my professors liked to draw on the board. Dr. Sandlin would stroll around the room, chalk in hand, waiting for the chance to draw something. Then she would spend thirty minutes of a fifty-minute class drawing Shakespeare's Globe Theater or a seventeenth-century sword. The oddest English teacher I have had was Mr. Shaw, who taught a drama course. Mr. Shaw loved the sound of his own voice, when we read a play, he would take all the parts. Standing behind the lectern Mr. Shaw would run through an entire play by himself. While the students either fell asleep, doing homework for other classes, or read magazines. Mr. Shaw was so happy to be acting he did not seem to mind. At the end of class, as we picked up our books and head out the door, Mr. Shaw could still be heard booming out the end of a scene from Hamlet or The Glass Menagerie.

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Question 20

EVALUATING AN ESSAY FOR UNITY, SUPPORT, COHERENCE,
AND SENTENCE SKILLS (II)
In this activity, you will evaluate an essay in terms of the four bases of unity, support, coherence, and sentence skills. Evaluative comments follow each supporting paragraph in the essay below. Circle the letter of the one statement that applies in each case.
-My Parents' Vulnerability
As I've watched my parents get older, my perception of them has completely changed. Our roles seem to be reversing. They were once the strong ones, and I was the dependent child. But now they sometimes turn to me for help, and I feel they are no longer as powerful as I thought they were. In many ways, my parents are now very weak. This shift has forced me to confront an uncomfortable truth. As people age, they become increasingly vulnerable and susceptible to danger.
For one thing, my parents are more vulnerable than ever to money problems. They live in a mobile home park; they bought their trailer with the savings they managed to accumulate over the years. My parents worry that the rent for their lot will go up again, as it has in the past. They also worry about the rumor that the park is being sold and all the tenants may be evicted; they know they cannot afford to move on their social security income and my father's small pension. A car problem can be big trouble for my parents, too. Because they live on a very tight budget. An unexpected car repair can mean that they must cut back on food and other essentials. Since my parents walk a financial tightrope, they are liable to be badly hurt at any time.
A) The paragraph contains an irrelevant sentence.
B) The paragraph lacks key supporting details at one spot.
C) The paragraph lacks transitions.
D) The paragraph contains a run-on and a fragment.
In addition, my parents are vulnerable to health problems. My mother has always had problems with her inner ear, and this affects her sense of balance. Her dizzy spells are more frequent now, and we are thus concerned that she may fall and break a leg or hip. She is also susceptible to bronchitis and flu. As she gets older, every episode seems to get worse and to leave her weaker than ever. My father's health problems are even more severe than my mother's. I know that either one of my parents could become terribly sick at any moment.
A) The paragraph contains an irrelevant sentence.
B) The paragraph lacks key supporting details at one spot.
C) The paragraph lacks transitional words.
D) The paragraph contains a run-on and a fragment.
Finally, my parents are very vulnerable to dishonest people and others who want to do them harm. Last year, for example, while my parents were at the supermarket, someone broke into their trailer and stole their television. The police told my parents that burglars like to prey on old people because they can't fight back. Burglars have even been known to take advantage of people with disabilities for the same reason. In addition, some people have tried to use my parents for their own gain. A salesman almost talked them into signing an expensive contract for lawn work they didn't need. Another time, one of my teenage cousins tried to borrow three hundred dollars from them, claiming he wanted to buy a car. He really wanted the money to buy drugs to sell.
A) The paragraph contains an irrelevant sentence.
B) The paragraph lacks key supporting details at one spot.
C) The paragraph lacks transitional words.
D) The paragraph contains a run-on and a fragment.
In conclusion, my parents seem to need more protection now that they are older. They can be easily hurt by money troubles, health problems, and unkind people. Seeing them falter in their old age has prompted me to rethink my notions of "aging with grace" and commit myself to helping this vulnerable population. Though I wish I could singlehandedly protect them from the difficulties they confront, the perils faced by our elder population must be answered by the culture at large. Together, we must rethink the way we treat and ignore elderly men and women-like my parents.

Accepted Answer

The answer of EVALUATING AN ESSAY FOR UNITY, SUPPORT, COHERENCE,
AND...

Quiz 1: College Writing Skills with Readings