Question 1

Use the guidelines to evaluate the study. Discuss flaws that you see in the study.
-A researcher from an environmental group wishes to gauge political sentiment regarding
a proposed environmental law. He obtains a list of 1000 email addresses from an internet
provider, uses a random number table to select a random sample of 100 of these addresses,
emails the people in the sample asking them "How do you feel about the proposed
environmental law which will improve the quality of our air?" He requests that people
respond to his question by email.
After the study he announces that 72% of Americans are in favor of the new environmental
law.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Use the guidelines to evaluate the study....

Question 2

Describe how you would apply the five basic steps of a statistical study to the given issue.
-You want to know the average volume of juice in your company's 500 mL bottles of orange
juice.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe how you would apply the five...

Question 3

Provide an appropriate response.
-Suppose that you construct a frequency histogram and a relative frequency histogram
corresponding to a particular frequency table. In what ways will the two histograms be
similar? In what ways will they differ?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Provide an appropriate response.
-Suppose that you construct...

Question 4

Use the indicated bin size to construct a frequency table for the set of data. Include columns for relative frequency andcumulative frequency.
-The weekly incomes (in dollars)of 20 college students are shown below. $$\begin{array}{l}
\begin{array} { r c c c c } 
120 & 180 & 240 & 330 & 165 \
178 & 215 & 268 & 0 & 305 \
90 & 144 & 336 & 116 & 0 \
74 & 136 & 85 & 165 & 62
\end{array}\
\text { Use } 50 \text {-point bins } ( 0 - 49,50 - 99 \text {, etc } )
\end{array}$$

Accepted Answer

The answer of Use the indicated bin size to construct...

Question 5

Create a graphical display for the data given. You may choose any graphic type that you feel is appropriate. Write a fewsentences explaining why you chose this type of display and a few sentences describing any interesting patterns in thedata.
-The table below shows statistics for AIDS. The first column shows the estimated number of
people living with HIV/AIDS worldwide in various years. The second column shows the
estimated number of new HIV infections worldwide in various years. $$\begin{array} { c | c | c } 
\text { Year } & \begin{array} { c } 
\text { Number Living } \
\text { with HIV/AIDS } \
\text { (Millions) }
\end{array} & \begin{array} { c } 
\text { New HIV Infections } \
\text { (Millions) }
\end{array} \
\hline 1997 & 30.6 & 5.8 \
1998 & 33.4 & 5.8 \
1999 & 33.6 & 5.6 \
2000 & 36.1 & 5.3 \
2001 & 40.0 & 5.0 \
2002 & 42.0 & 5.0
\end{array}$$

Accepted Answer

The answer of Create a graphical display for the data...

Question 6

Use the guidelines to evaluate the study. Discuss flaws that you see in the study.
-An educational researcher wishes to compare the effectiveness of two different math
textbooks. She has the tenth graders at one school use the first book for one year and the
tenth graders at another school use the second textbook for one year. At the end of the
year, she gives the same math test to both classes and compares the results.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Use the guidelines to evaluate the study....

Question 7

Answer the question.
-A television manufacturer sold three times as many televisions in 1995 as it did in 1985. To
illustrate this fact, the manufacturer draws a pictogram as shown below. The television on
the right is three times as tall and three times as wide as the television on the left.  Why is this pictogram misleading? What visual impression is portrayed by the pictogram?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Answer the question.
-A television manufacturer sold three...

Question 8

Use the guidelines to evaluate the study. Discuss flaws that you see in the study.
-A pharmaceutical company wants to test its new medication to lower blood pressure. It
randomly selects 1000 people with high blood pressure and randomly assigns each person
to one of two groups. The first group receives the medication for a month and also
suggestions as to how to improve their diet. The control group receives a placebo
medication and no dietary suggestions. At the end of the month each person's blood
pressure is again taken. The average change in blood pressure is compared for the two
groups.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Use the guidelines to evaluate the study....

Question 9

Use the graph to answer the question.
-The time series line chart below shows the price of a volatile stock from January to
December of the same year. Describe the overall trend in the price during that period.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Use the graph to answer the question.
-The...

Question 10

Use the indicated bin size to construct a frequency table for the set of data. Include columns for relative frequency andcumulative frequency.
-The ages of 25 patients who suffered strokes are as follows. $\begin{array} { l l l l l } 69 & 72 & 46 & 81 & 45 \end{array}$
$\begin{array} { l l l l l l } 50 & 57 & 61 & 48 & 56 \end{array}$
$\begin{array} { l l l l l l } 77 & 58 & 74 & 73 & 80 \end{array}$
$\begin{array} { l l l l l l } 47 & 53 & 60 & 58 & 46 \end{array}$
$\begin{array} { l l l l l } 61 & 66 & 55 & 79 & 84 \end{array}$
Use 5 -point bins $( 45 - 49,50 - 54$, etc)

Accepted Answer

The answer of Use the indicated bin size to construct...

Question 11

Use the graph to answer the question.
- Mike decides to buy shares of companies A, B, and C, which were initially selling for the
same price. The changes in each stock's value are shown in the graph above. Could Mike
ever have made a profit off stock A if he had sold at the right time? If so, when should he
have sold to make the maximum profit? Answer the same questions for stocks B and C.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Use the graph to answer the question.
-...

Question 12

Create a graphical display for the data given. You may choose any graphic type that you feel is appropriate. Write a fewsentences explaining why you chose this type of display and a few sentences describing any interesting patterns in thedata.
-The table below shows the population of the United States in 2000 broken down by age
and gender. Population is given in millions. $$\begin{array} { l | c | r } 
{ \text { Age } } & \text { Female } & \text { Male } \
\hline 0 - 9 & 19.4 & 20.3 \
10 - 19 & 19.9 & 21.0 \
20 - 29 & 18.9 & 19.6 \
30 - 39 & 21.6 & 21.7 \
40 - 49 & 21.6 & 21.1 \
50 - 59 & 16.1 & 15.3 \
60 - 69 & 10.8 & 9.6 \
70 - 79 & 9.3 & 7.0 \
80 + & 6.5 & 3.1
\end{array}$$

Accepted Answer

The answer of Create a graphical display for the data...

Question 13

Describe how you would apply the five basic steps of a statistical study to the given issue.
-You want to know the percentage of adults in the U.S. who have ever sought treatment
from a practitioner of complementary medicine.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe how you would apply the five...

Question 14

Use the graph to answer the question.
-This double-bar graph shows the number of male (M)and female (F)athletes at a
university over a four-year period.  Compare the trend in the number of male athletes during the four-year period and the
trend in the number of female athletes during the four-year period .

Accepted Answer

The answer of Use the graph to answer the question.
-This...

Question 15

Use the graph to answer the question.
-The following time-series diagram tracks the performance of two stocks during the month
of October.  Describe the overall trend in the value of each stock during the month of October. By what
percentage did the value of each stock increase or decrease during the month of October?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Use the graph to answer the question.
-The...

Question 16

Provide an appropriate response.
-Shortly before an election, a market research firm took a poll to find out whether people
were planning to vote for or against a particular ballot measure. The results are shown
below. $$\begin{array} { l | c } 
\text { Position } & \text { Frequency } \
\hline \text { Against } & 3087 \
\text { In favor } & 3691 \
\text { Undecided } & 910
\end{array}$$ The ballot measure will pass if a simple majority (more than 50%)vote in favor of the
measure. You wish to construct a graph to represent the data. It should be easy to see from
your graph whether more than 50% of the people are planning to vote in favor of the
measure. Which graph would be more useful, a bar graph or a pie chart? Explain your
thinking.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Provide an appropriate response.
-Shortly before an election,...

Question 17

Provide an appropriate response.
-Consider the frequency table below which has single values as classes: $$\begin{array} { c | c } 
\text { Value } & \text { Frequency } \
\hline 10 & 1 \
11 & 3 \
12 & 7 \
13 & 18 \
14 & 10 \
15 & 4 \
16 & 2 \
17 & 7 \
18 & 16 \
19 & 10 \
20 & 6 \
21 & 2
\end{array}$$ Construct a new frequency table for this data with 4 classes. Now construct another
frequency table for this data with 6 classes. Suppose that you construct a histogram
corresponding to the original data and histograms corresponding to each of the new
frequency tables. Describe the shapes of the three histograms. Does the histogram with six
classes capture the distribution of the data? Does the histogram with four classes capture
the distribution of the data?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Provide an appropriate response.
-Consider the frequency table...

Question 18

Use the guidelines to evaluate the study. Discuss flaws that you see in the study.
-A documentary which appeared on a TV station owned by a large biotech company
announced that 77% of Americans are in favor of genetically modified foods. The
researcher for the documentary had conducted a telephone poll of 200 people selected
randomly from the phone book. Each person in the sample had been asked "Are you in
favor of increasing the production of genetically modified foods in order to increase the
world food supply?"

Accepted Answer

The answer of Use the guidelines to evaluate the study....

Question 19

Use the indicated bin size to construct a frequency table for the set of data. Include columns for relative frequency andcumulative frequency.
-Kevin asked some of his friends how many hours they had studied for the test. The times
are shown below: $$\begin{array} { l l l l l l l l l l l l } 
5 & 6 & 5 & 4 & 5 & 5 & 9 & 7 & 5 & 3 & 7 & 6 \
6 & 7 & 5 & 6 & 7 & 5 & 6 & 7 & 6 & 7 & 7 & 4
\end{array}$$
Use 2-point bins $( 3 - 4,5 - 6$, etc)

Accepted Answer

The answer of Use the indicated bin size to construct...

Question 20

Provide an appropriate response.
-Shortly before a mayoral election, a market research firm took a poll to find out which
candidate people were planning to vote for. The results are shown below. $$\begin{array} { l | c } 
\text { Candidate } & \text { Frequency } \
\hline \text { Li Fong } & 2120 \
\text { Bob Green } & 2329 \
\text { Sue Moore } & 1042 \
\text { Jose Alvarez } & 399
\end{array}$$ You wish to construct a graph to represent the data. It should be easy to see from your
graph which candidate is in the lead. Which graph would be more useful, a bar graph or a
pie chart? Explain your thinking.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Provide an appropriate response.
-Shortly before a mayoral...

Quiz 5: Statistical Reasoning

Describe how you would apply the five basic steps of a statistical study to the given issue. -You want to know the average volume of juice in your company's 500 mL bottles of orange juice.

Provide an appropriate response. -Suppose that you construct a frequency histogram and a relative frequency histogram corresponding to a particular frequency table. In what ways will the two histograms be similar? In what ways will they differ?

Use the graph to answer the question. -The time series line chart below shows the price of a volatile stock from January to December of the same year. Describe the overall trend in the price during that period.

Describe how you would apply the five basic steps of a statistical study to the given issue. -You want to know the percentage of adults in the U.S. who have ever sought treatment from a practitioner of complementary medicine.