Question 1

Experiments with the "thought meter" were relevant to what well-known historical controversy?

Accepted Answer

The "thought meter" experiments were relevant to the historical controversy regarding individual differences in reaction times, particularly in the context of astronomical observations, known as the "personal equation" in stellar crossing times.

Question 2

The psychologist who set the modern agenda for psychological testing by proclaiming "perhaps" tests would be useful in "training, mode of life or indication of disease" was

Accepted Answer

J. McKeen Cattell was the psychologist who set the modern agenda for psychological testing by proclaiming "perhaps" tests would be useful in "training, mode of life or indication of disease".

Question 3

"Brass instruments" tests measured

Accepted Answer

The "Brass instruments" tests were designed to measure a variety of psychological attributes, including sensory thresholds, reaction times, and strength, among others.

Question 4

Who is typically credited with founding the first psychological laboratory in 1879 in Leipzig, Germany?

Accepted Answer

Wilhelm Wundt is credited with founding the first psychological laboratory in 1879 in Leipzig, Germany, marking the formal establishment of psychology as a separate and distinct scientific discipline.

Question 5

Galton's methods were an improvement upon existing "brass instruments" approaches because they

Accepted Answer

Galton's methods improved data collection efficiency, allowing for quicker and more systematic gathering of information compared to the cumbersome "brass instruments" used previously.

Question 6

Sir Francis Galton attempted to measure all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

Sir Francis Galton did not attempt to measure infant intelligence. He was known for his work in eugenics and statistics, and he explored areas like personality, the efficacy of prayer, and even the boringness of lectures.

Question 7

Five subjects civil law, military affairs, agriculture, revenue, and geography) were tested in this country's civil service examination.

Accepted Answer

China's imperial civil service examination system, which dates back to the Sui dynasty (581–618 AD), included a wide range of subjects such as civil law, military affairs, agriculture, revenue, and geography, among others, to assess candidates for government positions.

Question 8

In early Chinese testing, the beauty of penmanship was weighted very heavily in determining test scores. Why?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In early Chinese testing, the beauty of...

Question 9

Regarding payment, what arrangement did Galton make with his subjects?

Accepted Answer

Galton's subjects paid him a small fee to be tested, as he was interested in collecting data and also covering the costs of his research.

Question 10

To further his study of individual differences, Galton set up a psychometric laboratory at

Accepted Answer

Galton established a psychometric laboratory at the International Health Exhibition in London in 1884 to measure individual differences in various psychological characteristics.

Question 11

______is concept dating back to the 4^th century B.C, that suggests we can judge the inner character of people from their outward appearance, especially the face.

Accepted Answer

Physiognomy is the concept that suggests the assessment of a person's character or personality from their outer appearance, particularly the face, dating back to ancient times.

Question 12

The "thought meter" was developed by

Accepted Answer

Wilhelm Wundt, often considered the father of experimental psychology, developed the "thought meter" as part of his work in psychophysics and experimental psychology. This device was used to measure the time it took for a subject to respond to a stimulus, helping to quantify mental processes.

Question 13

Franz Joseph Gall is credited with developing this procedure in which bumps on the head explained one's underlying faculties:

Accepted Answer

Franz Joseph Gall developed phrenology, a pseudoscience that claimed the shape and size of various areas of the brain (and thus the overlying skull bumps) could determine a person's character and mental abilities.

Question 14

Who is generally credited with developing the first battery of psychological tests?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Who is generally credited with developing the...

Question 15

Psychological testing in its modern form originated roughly_____ years ago.

Accepted Answer

Psychological testing in its modern form originated roughly 100 years ago.

Question 16

The first applications of testing can be traced to

Accepted Answer

The first applications of testing can be traced back to ancient China, where as early as 2200 B.C., there were examinations for selecting officials for governmental positions. This system represents one of the earliest known forms of standardized testing.

Question 17

Civil service examinations were first introduced in

Accepted Answer

Civil service examinations were first introduced in China, as early as the Han dynasty (206 BCE – 220 CE), to select candidates for the state bureaucracy. This system became highly developed during the Tang dynasty (618–907) and continued to play a significant role in the imperial administration until it was abolished in 1905.

Question 18

______is a Swiss theologian who published his popular Essays on Physiognomy in Germany in the late eighteenth century.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ______is a Swiss theologian who published his...

Question 19

The purpose of the "thought meter" was to

Accepted Answer

The "thought meter" was designed to measure the essential speed of thought, aiming to quantify how quickly the human brain can process information and respond to stimuli.

Question 20

The "brass instruments" era was a dead end because

Accepted Answer

The "brass instruments" era in the history of intelligence testing was considered a dead end because psychologists at the time mistook simple sensory processes, such as reaction times and sensory acuity, for measures of intelligence. This approach failed to capture the complex cognitive processes that constitute true intelligence.

Quiz 2: The History of Psychological Testing