Question 1

Piaget's first phase of moral development in which children show little concern for rules is termed:

Accepted Answer

The premoral stage is Piaget's first phase of moral development where children show little concern for rules and are not yet aware of the concept of morality.

Question 2

Rigid application of rules to all individuals regardless of their culture or circumstance is:

Accepted Answer

Moral absolutism is the ethical view that certain actions are absolutely right or wrong, regardless of other contexts such as culture or circumstance.

Question 3

Of the children Kohlberg included in his longitudinal study, most attained which stage of moral development?

Accepted Answer

Most children in Kohlberg's longitudinal study reached the "authority and morality" stage, which is part of the conventional level of moral development where individuals conform to rules and authority to maintain social order.

Question 4

Piaget's moral reciprocity phase begins at about:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Piaget's moral reciprocity phase begins at about:
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Question 5

At which of Piaget's stages of moral development are children able to take into account the feelings and viewpoint of others?

Accepted Answer

In the stage of moral reciprocity, children begin to understand and consider the feelings and perspectives of others, moving beyond the rigid rules of earlier stages.

Question 6

Which of the following research strategies showed that Piaget's estimates of children's moral reasoning were wrong?

Accepted Answer

Piaget underestimated children's moral reasoning because he did not clearly separate the intentions behind actions from the outcomes. Later research showed that when intentions were made clear, children demonstrated more advanced moral reasoning than Piaget had suggested.

Question 7

According to Kohlberg, the phase of moral development in which moral judgment is controlled by an internalized ethical code that is relatively independent of the approval or disapproval of others is:

Accepted Answer

Kohlberg's postconventional phase of moral development is characterized by an internalized ethical code that is relatively independent of the approval or disapproval of others.

Question 8

Piaget's third phase of moral development in which children recognize that rules can be questioned and altered, consider the feelings and views of others, and believe in equal justice for all:

Accepted Answer

Piaget's third phase of moral development is "moral reciprocity," where children understand that rules are flexible, consider others' perspectives, and value fairness and equality.

Question 9

The notion that deviation from rules will inevitably result in punishment or retribution is:

Accepted Answer

Immanent justice is the belief that deviations from rules or moral laws will automatically result in punishment or retribution, often seen as a natural consequence.

Question 10

During which of Kohlberg's stages is the morality of an act defined by its physical consequences:

Accepted Answer

In Kohlberg's stages of moral development, the "obedience and punishment orientation" stage is where morality is defined by the physical consequences of actions, with a focus on avoiding punishment.

Question 11

The feelings children have about their 'good' and 'bad' behaviors involve the _______ component of morality:

Accepted Answer

The emotional component of morality involves the feelings children have about their 'good' and 'bad' behaviors.

Question 12

Piaget's second phase of moral development in which children show great respect for rules and apply them inflexibly is known as:

Accepted Answer

Piaget's second phase of moral development is called "moral realism," where children view rules as fixed and unchangeable, showing great respect for them and applying them inflexibly.

Question 13

The knowledge children develop about ethical rules and their judgments about the goodness or badness of certain acts involves the _______ component of morality:

Accepted Answer

The evaluative component of morality involves the judgments children make about the goodness or badness of certain acts.

Question 14

Which of the following is a reason Piaget underestimated children's moral capacities:

Accepted Answer

Piaget often presented children with brief outlines of moral situations, which may not have provided enough context for them to fully understand and express their moral reasoning, leading to an underestimation of their moral capacities.

Question 15

The actions children express in situations that require ethical decisions involve the _______ component of morality:

Accepted Answer

The behavioral component of morality involves the actions and decisions individuals make in ethical situations.

Question 16

According to Kohlberg:

Accepted Answer

Kohlberg proposed a fixed sequence of six stages in moral development, where each stage represents a more advanced form of moral reasoning than the previous one. However, not everyone reaches the highest stages, and the ages at which individuals progress can vary.

Question 17

According to Kohlberg, the phase of moral development in which moral judgment is based on the motive to conform, either to get approval from others or to follow society's rules and conventions is:

Accepted Answer

In Kohlberg's theory of moral development, the conventional level is where individuals conform to societal norms and rules to gain approval or maintain social order.

Question 18

According to Kohlberg, the phase of moral development in which justification for behavior is based on the desire to avoid punishment and gain rewards is:

Accepted Answer

The preconventional phase of Kohlberg's moral development is characterized by behavior motivated by the desire to avoid punishment and gain rewards.

Question 19

During which of Kohlberg's stages is the intent to avoid self-condemnation rather than to avoid others' criticism important?

Accepted Answer

In Kohlberg's stage of "morality of individual principles and conscience," individuals act according to self-chosen ethical principles, focusing on avoiding self-condemnation rather than others' criticism.

Question 20

Piaget's moral realism phase begins at about:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Piaget's moral realism phase begins at about:
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Quiz 11: Morality: Knowing Right Doing Good