Question 1

"I did fudge on some of the numbers in our financial reports, but that kept 6,000 employees from losing their jobs," a statement by a CFO, is an example of:
A) Moral relativism.
B) Rights theory.
C) Divine command theory.
D) Contractarianism.

Accepted Answer

The statement is an example of moral relativism, which is the belief that morality is subjective and varies from person to person or culture to culture. The CFO is justifying their actions based on the outcome, rather than any inherent ethical considerations.

Question 2

With reference to #32 above, what happened to the Sadhu?
A) He died
B) The parties carried him back down to the village for medical care
C) He hiked with Stephen
D) He finished his pilgrimage on his own
E) None of the above

Accepted Answer

The answer of With reference to #32 above, what happened...

Question 3

"If you think what we're doing now is bad, you should have seen our actions 10 years ago," is an example of:
A) A type of rationalization.
B) Comfort language for current activities and decisions.
C) A defense for criminal activity.
D) All of the above
E) Both a and b

Accepted Answer

The statement is a form of rationalization that attempts to justify current actions by making them seem less objectionable than past actions. It provides comfort language for current activities and decisions by suggesting that things have improved over time. However, it does not defend criminal activity. Therefore, both options A and B are correct but option C is not applicable.

Question 4

Which of the following is similar to Kant's categorical imperative?
A) The Golden Rule
B) The Divine Command
C) Front-Page-of-the-Newspaper test
D) All of the above are similar

Accepted Answer

The Golden Rule ("do unto others as you would have them do unto you") is similar to Kant's categorical imperative in that it focuses on treating others as ends in themselves, rather than merely as means to one's own ends. The Divine Command and Front-Page-of-the-Newspaper test do not necessarily prioritize treating others with respect and dignity as Kant's categorical imperative does.

Question 5

What happened to the Piper High School teacher, Ms. Pelton?
A) She was fired
B) Her decision was reversed
C) She quit her job
D) Both a and b
E) Both b and c

Accepted Answer

The answer of What happened to the Piper High School...

Question 6

Winking tolerance is associated with what category of ethical dilemma? 
A) Hiding or divulging information
B) Condoning unethical actions
C) (False) impression
D) Balancing ethical dilemmas

Accepted Answer

The answer of Winking tolerance is associated with what category...

Question 7

Which of the following is not part of the Wall Street Journal model?
A) Compliance
B) Consequences
C) Justice
D) All of the above are part of the model

Accepted Answer

Compliance, consequences, and justice are all key elements of the Wall Street Journal model, which emphasizes ethical behavior and responsibility in the business world.

Question 8

A professor asked a student, "Did you have a chance to look at the reading?" The student responded, "Yes." The professor commended the student for keeping up with assignments in the course and awarded participation points to the student. The student had, in fact, looked at the reading, but he had not actually done the reading. "Hey, he just asked me if I had a chance to look at the reading, and I told the truth." The student:
A) Has not committed an ethical violation.
B) Has given or allowed a false impression.
C) Is to be commended for finding a loophole.
D) Both a and b

Accepted Answer

The student has given a false impression that they have completed the reading when they have not. While they may not have committed an ethical violation, they have not been entirely truthful in their response.

Question 9

With reference to #32 above, how many times had the author successfully climbed Mt. Everest?
A) Once
B) Twice
C) Never
D) Five

Accepted Answer

There is no information given in #32 about the author successfully climbing Mt. Everest.

Question 10

Who is the lead character and author of the article, "The Parable of the Sadhu"?
A) Stephen
B) The Sadhu
C) Bowen McCoy
D) The author is never named

Accepted Answer

The lead character and author of the article "The Parable of the Sadhu" is Bowen McCoy.

Question 11

A quid pro quo relates to which category of ethical dilemma?
A) Hiding or divulging information
B) Personal decadence
C) Conflict of interest
D) False impressions

Accepted Answer

A quid pro quo is an exchange of goods or services in which one party provides something in exchange for another party's agreement to provide something else. This falls under the category of conflict of interest, as it involves a potential conflict between an individual's personal interests and their professional responsibilities.

Question 12

The local fire chief of Penbrooke conducted an inspection of a small bakery in Penbrooke and found a violation of the Penbrooke fire code: the bakery did not have a commercial ventilator hood over its stove. The owner of the bakery asked where she could find a ventilator hood and someone to install it. The fire chief referred her to Chimney Specialists, another business in Penbrooke. The chief did not disclose that his son owns Chimney Specialists and that the chief had loaned his son money for starting the business in exchange for a percentage of the profits.
A) The fire chief has a conflict of interest.
B) The bakery owner has a conflict of interest.
C) There is no conflict unless the chief has fabricated the violation.
D) There is no conflict if the son has the only hood ventilator business in Penbrooke.

Accepted Answer

The fire chief has a conflict of interest because he has a financial interest in the business he referred the bakery owner to, which could influence his decision to recommend that business. This violates ethical standards and could create a perception of bias or impropriety. It is important for public officials to avoid conflicts of interest and maintain trust and integrity in their duties.

Question 13

Which of the following models includes the question of legality of conduct as part of the ethical analysis?
A) Blanchard and Peale
B) Laura Nash
C) Peter Drucker
D) None of the above

Accepted Answer

The Blanchard and Peale model involves questioning the legality of the conduct as the first step in the ethical analysis process. The other models do not specifically include this aspect.

Question 14

With reference to #32 above, where does the story take place?
A) Mt. Washington
B) Himalayas
C) Nepal
D) Both b and c

Accepted Answer

The answer of With reference to #32 above, where does...

Question 15

"Smoothing out earnings" can be a comfort name for:
A) Cooking the books.
B) Manipulating earnings.
C) The perfectly legal practice of timing expenses and income to avoid blips that affect share value.
D) All of the above

Accepted Answer

"Smoothing out earnings" can refer to various practices ranging from legal financial management strategies to illegal activities like cooking the books or manipulating earnings to present a more stable financial outlook than reality.

Question 16

What were the effects of the Piper High School cheating issues on Piper?
A) No effects. That's why the parents wanted the teacher's decision reversed.
B) There was an increase in property values.
C) Colleges raised questions about Piper students.
D) Both b and c

Accepted Answer

The Piper High School cheating issues had both immediate and long-term effects on the community. The initial fallout included an increased property value due to the perception of a higher quality school. However, as colleges questioned the integrity of Piper students, the long-term effects proved to be more damaging. It is important to note that while there was a push from some parents to reverse the teacher's decision, it is unlikely that there were no effects at all on the community.

Question 17

Plato and Aristotle have which ethical school of thought in common?
A) Moral relativism
B) Justice
C) Contractarianism
D) Virtue

Accepted Answer

Plato and Aristotle were both virtue ethicists, meaning they believed in the importance of developing good character and living a virtuous life. This is in contrast to ethical schools of thought like moral relativism or contractarianism. While justice was also an important concept in their thinking, it is not the defining ethical principle they held in common.

Question 18

With reference to #32 above, which country is not represented among the climbing parties?
A) New Zealand
B) Japanese
C) Swiss
D) US
E) All of these countries are represented among the climbing parties

Accepted Answer

The answer of With reference to #32 above, which country...

Question 19

Who of the following follows the Front-Page-of-the-Newspaper test?
A) Warren Buffett
B) John Locke
C) Robert Nozick
D) Peter Drucker

Accepted Answer

Warren Buffett is known to follow the Front-Page-of-the-Newspaper test, which means he only makes investment decisions that he would be comfortable with if they were publicized on the front page of a newspaper. This emphasizes the importance of ethical and socially responsible investing. The other individuals mentioned (John Locke, Robert Nozick, Peter Drucker) are philosophers and management theorists who do not necessarily have a connection to this investment principle.

Question 20

The Barbara Walters/Andrew Lloyd Webber/Sunset Boulevard examples involves:
A) Bribery.
B) Organizational abuse.
C) Interpersonal abuse.
D) Conflicts of interest.

Accepted Answer

This situation involves conflicts of interest because Barbara Walters was dating Andrew Lloyd Webber at the time she interviewed him about his musical Sunset Boulevard. This creates a potential bias and raises questions about the legitimacy and impartiality of the interview.

Quiz 1: Ethical Theory, Philosophical Foundations, Our Reasoning Flaws, and Types of Ethical Dilemmas

"I did fudge on some of the numbers in our financial reports, but that kept 6,000 employees from losing their jobs," a statement by a CFO, is an example of:

With reference to #32 above, what happened to the Sadhu?

"If you think what we're doing now is bad, you should have seen our actions 10 years ago," is an example of:

Which of the following is similar to Kant's categorical imperative?

What happened to the Piper High School teacher, Ms. Pelton?

Winking tolerance is associated with what category of ethical dilemma? A) Hiding or divulging information B) Condoning unethical actions C) (False) impression D) Balancing ethical dilemmas

Which of the following is not part of the Wall Street Journal model?

With reference to #32 above, how many times had the author successfully climbed Mt. Everest?

Who is the lead character and author of the article, "The Parable of the Sadhu"?

A quid pro quo relates to which category of ethical dilemma?

Which of the following models includes the question of legality of conduct as part of the ethical analysis?

With reference to #32 above, where does the story take place?

"Smoothing out earnings" can be a comfort name for:

What were the effects of the Piper High School cheating issues on Piper?

Plato and Aristotle have which ethical school of thought in common?

With reference to #32 above, which country is not represented among the climbing parties?

Who of the following follows the Front-Page-of-the-Newspaper test?

The Barbara Walters/Andrew Lloyd Webber/Sunset Boulevard examples involves: