Question 1

Different theorists conceptualize intelligence differently, but most agree that intelligence:
A) Is largely the result of inherited abilities
B) Involves many different cognitive processes
C) Is an entity quite separate and distinct from learning ability
D) Is almost exclusively a function of accumulated knowledge

Accepted Answer

Most theorists agree that intelligence involves a variety of cognitive processes, such as problem-solving, reasoning, understanding complex ideas, and learning from experience. This view acknowledges the multifaceted nature of intelligence, rather than attributing it solely to genetics, learning ability, or accumulated knowledge.

Question 2

Judging from what you have learned about how intelligence is typically measured, which one of the following would you be least likely to find on an intelligence test?
A) How many friends do you have?
B) What does the word candid mean?
C) In what way are a tree and a flower alike?
D) What does the expression Leave no stone unturned mean?

Accepted Answer

Intelligence tests typically measure cognitive abilities such as vocabulary, comprehension, and logical reasoning rather than social metrics like the number of friends, which is why option A would be least likely to find on an intelligence test.

Question 3

The original purpose of intelligence tests is still their main purpose today-that is, to:
A) Assess youngsters' ability to solve abstract problems
B) Measure people's innate ability to adapt to a complex environment
C) Identify children who may require special services or interventions
D) Predict how well youngsters are likely to perform in various professional careers

Accepted Answer

The original and still primary purpose of intelligence tests is to identify children who may require special services or interventions. This helps in tailoring educational programs to individual needs.

Question 4

Lily is ten years old. She gets a score of 97 on an IQ test. What does this tell us about her intellectual ability?
A) Lily's score is fairly average for her age group.
B) Lily's score is in the bottom fifth of the population.
C) Lily must be a very smart girl, because 100 is a perfect score.
D) Lily is brighter than two-thirds of her age-mates, as IQ scores go up to about 150.

Accepted Answer

IQ scores are standardized to have a mean of 100 and a standard deviation of about 15. A score of 97 is close to the average, indicating Lily's intellectual ability is fairly average for her age group.

Question 5

If teachers consider Gardner's view of intelligence, they would be most likely to conclude that:
A) They can bring about dramatic improvements in students' IQs in a year or two if they provide a stimulating classroom environment.
B) Regardless of cultural background, students with high intelligence will do well in school.
C) Most students are likely to be "intelligent" in one way or another.
D) Students who are fluent in two or three languages will be more intelligent than students who are fluent in just one.

Accepted Answer

Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences suggests that there are various forms of intelligence, such as linguistic, logical-mathematical, spatial, musical, bodily-kinesthetic, interpersonal, intrapersonal, and naturalistic. This implies that students may excel in different areas, leading to the conclusion that most students are likely to be "intelligent" in one way or another, depending on how intelligence is defined and recognized.

Question 6

If you are concerned about the validity of an intelligence test, which one of the following questions would you be most likely to ask?
A) Does this test rely heavily on language skills?
B) Does this test really measure intellectual ability?
C) How much training do I need to administer and interpret this test?
D) Do children tend to get similar scores on the test from one time to the next?

Accepted Answer

The question about whether the test really measures intellectual ability directly addresses concerns about the validity of an intelligence test. Validity refers to how well a test measures what it is supposed to measure.

Question 7

Max is quite skilled in cartography, the art of making maps. Without knowing anything else about Max, in which of Gardner's multiple intelligences would you expect him to be strong?
A) bodily-kinesthetic
B) naturalist
C) linguistic
D) spatial

Accepted Answer

Spatial intelligence involves the ability to visualize with the mind's eye, which is crucial for cartography as it involves creating and interpreting maps.

Question 8

If you are concerned about the reliability of an intelligence test, which one of the following questions would you be most likely to ask?
A) Does this test rely heavily on language skills?
B) Does this test really measure intellectual ability?
C) How much training do I need to administer and interpret this test?
D) Do children tend to get similar scores on the test from one time to the next?

Accepted Answer

Reliability in the context of an intelligence test refers to the consistency of the test results over time. Therefore, asking whether children tend to get similar scores on the test from one time to the next (choice D) directly addresses the concern about the test's reliability.

Question 9

Which of the following intelligence tests includes an Attention scale, a Simultaneous scale, a Planning scale, and Successive Subtest scale?
A) The UNIT
B) The WISC-IV
C) The Cognitive Assessment System
D) The Stanford-Binet

Accepted Answer

The Cognitive Assessment System (CAS) includes an Attention scale, a Simultaneous scale, a Planning scale, and a Successive Subtest scale, which are based on the PASS theory of intelligence (Planning, Attention, Simultaneous, Successive).

Question 10

Sam is a very talented dancer; he also shows considerable creativity in art class. He finds math and science classes very difficult, but he loves to read and tell stories to his many friends. Which view of intelligence is best reflected in Sam's abilities?
A) The concept of g
B) Gardner's multiple intelligences
C) Piaget's theory of cognitive development
D) Distributed intelligence

Accepted Answer

Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences best reflects Sam's abilities, as it suggests that intelligence is not a single general ability but consists of various distinct types. Sam's talents in dance and art, along with his love for reading and storytelling, align with Gardner's view that individuals may excel in different areas such as bodily-kinesthetic, spatial, and linguistic intelligences.

Question 11

Four high school teachers have just learned that one of their students, Ralph, has scored extremely well on an intelligence test. Which teacher reveals a belief in the concept of g in intelligence?
A) Mr. Hudson says, "No wonder Ralph performs consistently well in all of his classes!"
B) Ms. Crawford says, "Ralph is an exceptional writer, but from what I've observed, his math skills are only average."
C) Ms. Wyman says, "I agree that Ralph writes very well, but his spelling is atrocious."
D) Mr. Grant says, "Ralph has trouble remembering basic math facts, but he's very good when it comes to solving challenging math problems."

Accepted Answer

The answer of Four high school teachers have just learned...

Question 12

Robert is a 15-year-old boy who has attended U.S. schools since he began kindergarten at age 5. With this fact in mind, identify the task that is most likely to require Robert's fluid intelligence rather than his crystallized intelligence.
A) Finding Egypt on a map
B) Solving a new kind of puzzle
C) Applying algebra to a mathematical word problem
D) Writing a persuasive essay on a current issue in the news

Accepted Answer

Fluid intelligence is the ability to reason and solve novel problems independent of previously acquired knowledge or skills. Solving a new kind of puzzle requires this type of problem-solving ability, which is the hallmark of fluid intelligence. The other options involve relying on previously acquired knowledge or skills, which use crystallized intelligence.

Question 13

Which one of the following is a correct interpretation of a high school student's IQ score of 115?
A) The student is probably not "college material."
B) It will remain constant for that student for a period of at least five to six years.
C) The student has acquired 84% of the average adult's intellectual capabilities.
D) The student has performed better on an intelligence test than the majority of students of the same age.

Accepted Answer

An IQ score of 115 is above the average score of 100, indicating that the student has performed better on an intelligence test than the majority of students of the same age. IQ scores are normed so that the average is always 100, and scores are distributed in a way that most people score within a range of about 85 to 115. A score of 115 places a student above this average range.

Question 14

Which one of the following statements best reflects Sternberg's theory of successful intelligence?
A) Intelligent behavior is a function of how well people draw on prior experiences and cognitively process information in order to adapt to a new situation.
B) Intelligence is due to heredity, environment, and a complex interaction between the two; ultimately, researchers can never disentangle the effects of these factors.
C) Intelligent behavior evolves in three stages: concrete thought, abstract thought, and automatization.
D) To be truly intelligent, one must show competence in creativity and social skills as well as in traditional academic tasks.

Accepted Answer

Sternberg's theory of successful intelligence emphasizes the ability to adapt to, shape, and select environments through a combination of analytical, creative, and practical abilities, which aligns with the description in choice A about drawing on prior experiences and cognitive processing to adapt to new situations.

Question 15

"A child's ability to behave intelligently may vary considerably depending on the particular context, skills, and cognitive processes required by a given task." This statement is consistent with three of the following conceptualizations of intelligence. With which one is it least consistent?
A) Sternberg's triarchic theory
B) Cattell's concept of fluid intelligence
C) The concept of distributed intelligence
D) Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences

Accepted Answer

This statement suggests that a child's ability to behave intelligently varies depending on the specific task and required cognitive processes, which is consistent with Sternberg's triarchic theory, distributed intelligence, and Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences. However, Cattell's concept of fluid intelligence emphasizes general problem-solving ability that should be consistent across tasks and contexts, which is not consistent with the statement.

Question 16

Which one of the following most accurately characterizes IQ scores?
A) In the range of scores between 90 and 110, more people get a score of 110 than any other score.
B) If you divide an IQ score by 2, you get a person's percentile rank on the intelligence test from which the score was obtained.
C) The average score is 100, with equal numbers of people getting every score between 70 and 130.
D) The average score is 100, with more people getting scores near 100 and fewer people getting scores farther away.

Accepted Answer

IQ scores are distributed in a bell curve or normal distribution, with the average score being 100. Scores closer to 100 are more common, and as you move away from 100 in either direction, fewer people achieve those scores.

Question 17

Marissa seems to be a "born leader." As president of the school service club, she can often persuade her classmates to get involved in school and community service activities. Given this information, we could conclude that Marissa has a strength in which one of Gardner's multiple intelligences?
A) Spatial
B) Naturalistic
C) Interpersonal
D) Bodily-kinesthetic

Accepted Answer

Marissa's ability to persuade her classmates and effectively lead a group indicates a strength in interpersonal intelligence, which involves understanding and interacting effectively with others. Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences identifies interpersonal intelligence as one of the distinct types, which aligns with Marissa's demonstrated skills.

Question 18

Which one of the following statements most accurately reflects the concept of distributed intelligence?
A) How "intelligent" children become is, to some extent, a function of the number of siblings they have; children from larger families tend to have slightly lower IQ scores.
B) How "intelligent" children are is, to some extent, a function of class size; children achieve at lower levels when they are in larger classes.
C) Children almost invariably perform at higher levels in some academic subject areas than they do in others.
D) Children will behave more intelligently when they can use outside resources as well as their minds.

Accepted Answer

Distributed intelligence refers to the idea that intelligence is not solely a property of the individual mind but can be augmented by external resources, tools, and the environment. This concept suggests that intelligence can be distributed across people, tools, and contexts, enhancing cognitive abilities beyond what is possible through internal cognition alone.

Question 19

Only one of the following statements reflects an accurate comparison of Gardner's and Sternberg's theories of intelligence. Which one?
A) Both theorists view the development of intelligence as being almost exclusively the result of nurture rather than nature.
B) Gardner believes that intelligence is comprised of multiple abilities, whereas Sternberg views it as being comprised of a single entity.
C) Both theorists characterize intelligence as a multifaceted ability, such that children may behave intelligently in one situation but not in another.
D) Sternberg restricts his view of intelligence to the cognitive abilities and processing skills related to academic success, whereas Gardner takes a broader perspective.

Accepted Answer

Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences and Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence both characterize intelligence as multifaceted, suggesting that individuals may excel in certain areas while not in others. Gardner identifies various distinct intelligences (e.g., linguistic, logical-mathematical, musical), and Sternberg proposes three main types of intelligence (analytical, creative, practical), both acknowledging the diversity in how intelligence can manifest.

Question 20

Which one of the following is a true statement about IQ scores?
A) They are calculated from this formula: (MA/CA) x 100.
B) They are calculated from this formula: (CA/MA) x 100.
C) They are derived from comparisons with the test performance of others.
D) Scores near 100 indicate average performance.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which one of the following is a...

Quiz 8: Intelligence

Different theorists conceptualize intelligence differently, but most agree that intelligence:

Judging from what you have learned about how intelligence is typically measured, which one of the following would you be least likely to find on an intelligence test?

The original purpose of intelligence tests is still their main purpose today-that is, to:

Lily is ten years old. She gets a score of 97 on an IQ test. What does this tell us about her intellectual ability?

If teachers consider Gardner's view of intelligence, they would be most likely to conclude that:

If you are concerned about the validity of an intelligence test, which one of the following questions would you be most likely to ask?

Max is quite skilled in cartography, the art of making maps. Without knowing anything else about Max, in which of Gardner's multiple intelligences would you expect him to be strong?

If you are concerned about the reliability of an intelligence test, which one of the following questions would you be most likely to ask?

Which of the following intelligence tests includes an Attention scale, a Simultaneous scale, a Planning scale, and Successive Subtest scale?

Sam is a very talented dancer; he also shows considerable creativity in art class. He finds math and science classes very difficult, but he loves to read and tell stories to his many friends. Which view of intelligence is best reflected in Sam's abilities?

Four high school teachers have just learned that one of their students, Ralph, has scored extremely well on an intelligence test. Which teacher reveals a belief in the concept of g in intelligence?

Robert is a 15-year-old boy who has attended U.S. schools since he began kindergarten at age 5. With this fact in mind, identify the task that is most likely to require Robert's fluid intelligence rather than his crystallized intelligence.

Which one of the following is a correct interpretation of a high school student's IQ score of 115?

Which one of the following statements best reflects Sternberg's theory of successful intelligence?

"A child's ability to behave intelligently may vary considerably depending on the particular context, skills, and cognitive processes required by a given task." This statement is consistent with three of the following conceptualizations of intelligence. With which one is it least consistent?

Which one of the following most accurately characterizes IQ scores?

Marissa seems to be a "born leader." As president of the school service club, she can often persuade her classmates to get involved in school and community service activities. Given this information, we could conclude that Marissa has a strength in which one of Gardner's multiple intelligences?

Which one of the following statements most accurately reflects the concept of distributed intelligence?

Only one of the following statements reflects an accurate comparison of Gardner's and Sternberg's theories of intelligence. Which one?

Which one of the following is a true statement about IQ scores?