Question 1

Which of the following is not an assumption when calculating volumes of distribution using the Fick dilution principle?

Accepted Answer

The Fick dilution principle for calculating volumes of distribution does not assume that the solute is small. It primarily requires that the concentration of the solute is homogeneous throughout its volume of distribution, the amount of solute is known, the volume is well mixed, and the solute's concentration can be determined. The size of the solute is not a direct consideration for the application of this principle.

Question 2

For the reaction A + B →C, the reverse rate constant has the units

Accepted Answer

The reverse rate constant for a reaction A + B → C has the same units as the forward rate constant, which are typically in the form of concentration/time (e.g., M^-1s^-1 for a second-order reaction). The given option A, despite its unconventional notation, is the only one that correctly implies a unit of time^-1, which is a plausible unit for a first-order reverse reaction rate constant.

Question 3

You have a 0.1 M solution of ATP and take 6.25 mL of it to add to a 25 mL volumetric flask, along with some other solutions, which is then brought up to volume to make a stock solution. You then add 1 mL of that stock solution to a reaction bath that has a total final volume, including the 1 mL of stock solution, of 5 mL. W hat is the ATP concentration in the final reaction bath?

Accepted Answer

The concentration of ATP in the final reaction bath can be calculated using dilution formulas. First, the dilution from the original solution to the stock solution: (0.1 M)(6.25 mL) = (C2)(25 mL), solving for C2 gives 0.025 M. Then, diluting this stock solution to the reaction bath: (0.025 M)(1 mL) = (Cfinal)(5 mL), solving for Cfinal gives 0.005 M.

Question 4

Suppose that the glucose concentration in normal plasma is 5.0 mM. If the gram-molecular weight is 180 g mol-1 and the normal plasma volume is 4 L , what is the mass of all of the glucose that is contained in all of the plasma?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Suppose that the glucose concentration in normal...

Question 5

The Michaelis-Menten equation is written as

Accepted Answer

The Michaelis-Menten equation is V = V_max S / (K_M + S), which describes the rate of enzymatic reactions by relating reaction rate V to substrate concentration S, maximum rate V_max, and the Michaelis constant K_M.

Question 6

The glucose concentration in plasma is typically 100 mg% , meaning 100 mg in 100 mL of plasma. The gram molecular weight of glucose is 180 g mol-1. W hat is the molar concentration of this plasma glucose?

Accepted Answer

The molar concentration is calculated by dividing the mass of the substance by its molar mass and then by the volume of solution in liters. Here, 100 mg of glucose is 0.1 g, and the molar mass of glucose is 180 g/mol. Thus, $ \frac{0.1 g}{180 g/mol} = 5.56 \times 10^{-4} mol $, and since this is in 100 mL or 0.1 L of plasma, the concentration is $ \frac{5.56 \times 10^{-4} mol}{0.1 L} = 5.56 mM $, which rounds to 5.6 mM.

Question 7

The gram molecular weight of urea, CO (NH₂ )₂ is about

Accepted Answer

The molecular formula of urea is CO(NH2)2. To calculate its molar mass: Carbon (C) = 12.01 g/mol, Oxygen (O) = 16.00 g/mol, Nitrogen (N) = 14.01 g/mol (2 N atoms = 28.02 g/mol), and Hydrogen (H) = 1.008 g/mol (4 H atoms = 4.032 g/mol). Adding these gives a total of 60.05 g/mol, which is approximately 60 g/mol.

Question 8

For an experiment, we weighed out 18 g of NaCl and dissolved it into a final volume of 500 mL with water. The atomic weight of Na is 22.99 and Cl is 35.45. What is the molar concentration of NaCl
in the final solution?

Accepted Answer

The answer of For an experiment, we weighed out 18...

Question 9

You took 0.5 m L of concentration HCl, at 11.5 M, and added it to a 100mL volumetric flask, and then added water to the mark. The concentration of HCl in the final solution is

Accepted Answer

The concentration of HCl in the final solution can be calculated using the dilution formula $C_1V_1 = C_2V_2$, where $C_1$ and $V_1$ are the concentration and volume of the initial solution, and $C_2$ and $V_2$ are the concentration and volume of the final solution. Given $C_1 = 11.5$ M, $V_1 = 0.5$ mL, and $V_2 = 100$ mL, solving for $C_2$ gives $C_2 = \frac{C_1V_1}{V_2} = \frac{11.5 \times 0.5}{100} = 0.0575$ M.

Question 10

Enzymes catalyze reactions by

Accepted Answer

Enzymes catalyze reactions primarily by lowering the activation energy, which increases the rate of the reaction without altering the equilibrium constant or the energy available for the reaction.

Question 11

If the double-reciprocal plot of an enzyme is linear, the intercept on the abscissa (vertical axis) is

Accepted Answer

The intercept on the abscissa (vertical axis) in a double-reciprocal (Lineweaver-Burk) plot represents the reciprocal of the maximum velocity (1/Vmax) of the enzyme reaction.

Question 12

You dissolved 100 g of a material with a molecule weight of 5.5 kDa in 1 L of solution. Its molar concentration is

Accepted Answer

The molar concentration is calculated by dividing the mass of the material by its molar mass and then by the volume of the solution in liters. The molar mass of the material is 5.5 kDa, which is 5500 g/mol. Therefore, the molar concentration is (100 g) / (5500 g/mol) / (1 L) = 0.018 mol/L or 18 µM.

Quiz 3: Chemical Foundations Ii: Concentration and Kinetics

Which of the following is not an assumption when calculating volumes of distribution using the Fick dilution principle?

For the reaction A + B →C, the reverse rate constant has the units

Suppose that the glucose concentration in normal plasma is 5.0 mM. If the gram-molecular weight is 180 g mol-1 and the normal plasma volume is 4 L , what is the mass of all of the glucose that is contained in all of the plasma?

The Michaelis-Menten equation is written as

The glucose concentration in plasma is typically 100 mg% , meaning 100 mg in 100 mL of plasma. The gram molecular weight of glucose is 180 g mol-1. W hat is the molar concentration of this plasma glucose?

The gram molecular weight of urea, CO (NH₂ ) ₂ is about

For an experiment, we weighed out 18 g of NaCl and dissolved it into a final volume of 500 mL with water. The atomic weight of Na is 22.99 and Cl is 35.45. What is the molar concentration of NaCl in the final solution?

You took 0.5 m L of concentration HCl, at 11.5 M, and added it to a 100mL volumetric flask, and then added water to the mark. The concentration of HCl in the final solution is

Enzymes catalyze reactions by

If the double-reciprocal plot of an enzyme is linear, the intercept on the abscissa (vertical axis) is

You dissolved 100 g of a material with a molecule weight of 5.5 kDa in 1 L of solution. Its molar concentration is

Quiz 3: Chemical Foundations Ii: Concentration and Kinetics

Which of the following is not an assumption when calculating volumes of distribution using the Fick dilution principle?

For the reaction A + B →C, the reverse rate constant has the units

Suppose that the glucose concentration in normal plasma is 5.0 mM. If the gram-molecular weight is 180 g mol-1 and the normal plasma volume is 4 L , what is the mass of all of the glucose that is contained in all of the plasma?

The Michaelis-Menten equation is written as

The glucose concentration in plasma is typically 100 mg% , meaning 100 mg in 100 mL of plasma. The gram molecular weight of glucose is 180 g mol-1. W hat is the molar concentration of this plasma glucose?

The gram molecular weight of urea, CO (NH2 ) 2 is about

For an experiment, we weighed out 18 g of NaCl and dissolved it into a final volume of 500 mL with water. The atomic weight of Na is 22.99 and Cl is 35.45. What is the molar concentration of NaCl in the final solution?

You took 0.5 m L of concentration HCl, at 11.5 M, and added it to a 100mL volumetric flask, and then added water to the mark. The concentration of HCl in the final solution is

Enzymes catalyze reactions by

If the double-reciprocal plot of an enzyme is linear, the intercept on the abscissa (vertical axis) is

You dissolved 100 g of a material with a molecule weight of 5.5 kDa in 1 L of solution. Its molar concentration is

The gram molecular weight of urea, CO (NH₂ ) ₂ is about