Question 1

Your text describes two commonly recognized psychotic reactions to alcohol. They are
A) alcoholic tolerance and alcoholic withdrawal.
B) what used to be called "alcohol dependence" and "alcohol withdrawal."
C) what used to be called "delirium tremens" and "Korsakoff's psychosis."
D) alcohol intoxication and alcohol amnestic disorder.

Accepted Answer

The two commonly recognized psychotic reactions to alcohol described in the text are delirium tremens and Korsakoff's psychosis. Alcoholic tolerance and withdrawal are not psychotic reactions, but rather physical symptoms of alcohol dependence. "Alcohol dependence" and "alcohol withdrawal" are outdated terms that have been replaced by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) with the diagnosis of Alcohol Use Disorder. Alcohol intoxication and alcohol amnestic disorder are also not psychotic reactions, but rather behavioral and cognitive effects of acute alcohol use.

Question 2

The "alcohol flush reaction"
A) is seen during alcohol withdrawal.
B) produces a spike in blood pressure and body temperature.
C) results from an inability to metabolize alcohol.
D) might explain the reduced rate of alcoholism seen among Native American peoples.

Accepted Answer

The alcohol flush reaction, commonly known as Asian flush, occurs when a person is unable to fully metabolize alcohol due to a genetic deficiency in the enzyme responsible for breaking down alcohol. This can result in symptoms such as facial flushing, rapid heartbeat, and nausea. It is not related to alcohol withdrawal or a spike in blood pressure and body temperature. The reduced rate of alcoholism among Native American peoples is not related to the alcohol flush reaction.

Question 3

James has two alcoholic parents. Research suggests that his risk for alcoholism is
A) nearly 100 percent.
B) greater than if he had one alcoholic parent.
C) no greater than if he had one alcoholic parent.
D) about 10 percent higher than if he had no alcoholic parents.

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that having one alcoholic parent increases a person's risk for alcoholism, and having two alcoholic parents increases the risk even more. Therefore, James' risk for alcoholism is greater than if he had only one alcoholic parent. However, it is not guaranteed to be 100 percent as the question suggests.

Question 4

Men who are at high risk for becoming alcoholics
A) experience more pleasure when they ingest alcohol than nonalcoholic men.
B) experience greater lessening of feelings of stress after alcohol consumption than nonalcoholic men.
C) tend to be more impulsive than the general population.
D) respond less dramatically to alcohol related-cues than nonalcoholic men.

Accepted Answer

experience greater lessening of feelings of stress after alcohol consumption than nonalcoholic men

Question 5

Betty was admitted to the hospital in a state of withdrawal from alcohol. She was diagnosed with alcohol withdrawal delirium formerly known as delirium tremens). She most likely showed which of the following behaviors?
A) Delusions of grandeur and an inability to get to sleep
B) Disorientation for time and place and vivid hallucinations
C) Severe memory deficit and the tendency to falsify reporting events confabulation)
D) Prolonged sleep followed by convulsions and heart failure

Accepted Answer

Alcohol withdrawal delirium is characterized by disorientation for time and place, vivid hallucinations, and sometimes seizures. Delusions of grandeur, severe memory deficits, and confabulation are also possible, but not always present. Prolonged sleep followed by convulsions and heart failure is not typical of alcohol withdrawal delirium.

Question 6

Which of the following is a common personality characteristic of those who later abuse alcohol?
A) overly sensitive to the feelings of others
B) high tolerance for frustration
C) strong need for praise and admiration
D) over-certainty of ability to fulfill expected gender roles

Accepted Answer

A strong need for praise and admiration can lead to individuals seeking validation through alcohol use. This personality trait is often associated with individuals who are more likely to develop alcohol abuse disorders.

Question 7

When John stopped drinking after his last week-long binge, he became very ill. He was disoriented, hallucinating, and paranoid. John seems to be experiencing
A) a severe hangover.
B) alcohol withdrawal delirium.
C) alcohol amnestic disorder.
D) alcohol-induced psychosis.

Accepted Answer

John's symptoms are indicative of alcohol withdrawal delirium, also known as delirium tremens, which is a severe withdrawal syndrome that can occur when someone who is physically dependent on alcohol abruptly stops drinking. The symptoms can include disorientation, hallucinations, and paranoia. A severe hangover would not typically last for an extended period of time, and would not include hallucinations or paranoia. Alcohol amnestic disorder is a result of long-term heavy drinking, and is characterized by memory problems. Alcohol-induced psychosis can occur with acute or chronic alcohol use, but does not necessarily involve withdrawal symptoms like disorientation and hallucinations.

Question 8

One limitation on the findings of genetic influences on alcoholism is that
A) not enough research has been done using twins.
B) there are so many cultural differences in the use of alcohol that it blurs the genetic differences.
C) there have not been enough studies of the majority of children of alcoholics those who do not become alcoholics).
D) there has been too much of a focus on the study of the nonalcoholic children of alcoholics.

Accepted Answer

While there have been many studies of the children of alcoholics who become alcoholics themselves, there has not been as much research conducted on the majority of children of alcoholics who do not develop alcoholism. This limits the findings of genetic influences on alcoholism, as it is possible that there are genetic factors that determine why some children of alcoholics are more susceptible to alcoholism than others.

Question 9

Studies of the genetics of alcoholism
A) have not provided support for the notion that a susceptibility to alcoholism can be inherited.
B) are not able to determine if the tendency of alcoholism to "run in families" is a result of environmental or biological factors.
C) suggest that an inherited altered sensitivity to alcohol might create a vulnerability to alcohol abuse.
D) have identified the gene that causes alcoholism.

Accepted Answer

Studies of the genetics of alcoholism suggest that an inherited altered sensitivity to alcohol might create a vulnerability to alcohol abuse. While there is evidence that alcoholism can run in families, it is still unclear whether this is due to genetic factors or environmental factors. However, there is no single gene that has been identified as the cause of alcoholism.

Question 10

Korsakoff's psychosis is now known as
A) alcoholic withdrawal.
B) alcohol withdrawal delirium.
C) delirium tremens.
D) alcohol amnestic disorder.

Accepted Answer

Korsakoff's psychosis is now known as alcohol amnestic disorder, which is caused by thiamine deficiency due to long-term alcohol abuse. It is characterized by memory loss and confabulation, but does not involve withdrawal symptoms like alcoholic withdrawal, alcohol withdrawal delirium, or delirium tremens.

Question 11

Which of the following men has an alcohol-risk personality?
A) Tim, who is shy, anxious, and withdrawn.
B) Brian, who is organized, detail-oriented, and ambitious.
C) Sean, who is impulsive, risk-taking, and poor at planning.
D) Art, who is frequently depressed and has a low level of self-esteem.

Accepted Answer

Impulsivity, risk-taking, and poor planning are all personality traits associated with a higher risk of alcohol use disorders.

Question 12

The central feature of alcohol amnestic disorder is
A) the presence of hallucinations.
B) a deep sleep, following which the individual has no memory of past events.
C) acute fear and extreme suggestibility.
D) a memory defect for recent events.

Accepted Answer

The central feature of alcohol amnestic disorder is the memory defect for recent events. This is also known as Korsakoff's syndrome or Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome. While hallucinations and fear can occur in alcohol use disorder, they are not the defining feature of alcohol amnestic disorder.

Question 13

Rates of alcoholism among Asian populations are than among European peoples. This fact may be related to .
A) higher; genetic differences in the sensitivity of the MCLP
B) higher; genetic differences in the ability to metabolize alcohol
C) lower; religious differences in the acceptability of alcohol
D) lower; a mutant enzyme that leads to hypersensitive reactions to alcohol

Accepted Answer

lower; a mutant enzyme that leads to hypersensitive reactions to alcohol

Question 14

What is the role of the mesocorticolimbic dopamine pathway MCLP)?
A) It is the area of the brain that is activated by drugs and that produces euphoria.
B) It is the area of the brain that is destroyed by alcohol and leads to amnestic disorder.
C) It metabolizes all psychoactive drugs.
D) It explains why genetically vulnerable individuals have altered brain wave patterns.

Accepted Answer

The mesocorticolimbic dopamine pathway (MCLP) is responsible for the rewarding effects of drugs and is activated by drugs that produce euphoria. It plays a role in addiction and substance use disorders.

Question 15

All drugs that people become dependent upon
A) are socially acceptable.
B) act on pleasure pathways in the brain.
C) provide the user with renewed energy.
D) produce withdrawal symptoms when use is ceased.

Accepted Answer

act on pleasure pathways in the brain

Question 16

Concerning the causes of alcoholism,
A) there are probably several different patterns of causes associated with several different types of alcohol dependence.
B) there is strong evidence that individuals at risk for alcohol dependence inherit a faulty metabolism.
C) most research evidence points to genetic liability as the primary cause of alcohol dependence in men, but not in women.
D) the causes of alcohol dependence are primarily psychosocial rather than biological in nature.

Accepted Answer

There are many different factors that can contribute to the development of alcoholism, such as genetics, environmental factors, and social factors. Therefore, there are likely several different patterns of causes associated with several different types of alcohol dependence.

Question 17

Alcoholic psychosis may occur due to
A) low thiamine levels.
B) decreased GABA levels.
C) high opioid levels.
D) impaired serotonergic functioning.

Accepted Answer

Alcoholic psychosis is a severe mental condition that can occur in people with alcohol dependence. It may result from low levels of thiamine, a B-vitamin that is essential for the proper functioning of the brain. Chronic alcohol abuse can interfere with the body's ability to absorb thiamine, leading to a deficiency. This deficiency can cause damage to the brain's nerve cells and lead to the development of mental health symptoms such as confusion, disorientation, hallucinations, and delusions.

Question 18

Bertha has been drinking to excess for many years. She is malnourished. This is because
A) alcohol has few calories.
B) alcohol impairs the body's ability to utilize nutrients.
C) alcoholism impairs her ability to choose healthy foods.
D) alcoholism causes people to lose their appetites.

Accepted Answer

Alcohol impairs the body's ability to utilize nutrients, leading to malnourishment. Although alcohol may have few calories, it is the impairment of the body's ability to absorb, utilize, and store essential nutrients that causes malnourishment in alcoholics. C and D could also be contributing factors, but the primary cause of malnourishment in alcoholics is the impaired nutrient utilization caused by their drinking.

Question 19

Malnutrition
A) does not occur in alcoholics as alcohol provides both calories and nutrients.
B) only occurs when alcoholics are destitute and not able to afford to purchase food.
C) may occur in alcoholics as alcohol interferes with the body's ability to use nutrients.
D) is rare among alcoholics as alcohol is most commonly consumed with food.

Accepted Answer

Alcohol can interfere with the absorption and metabolism of nutrients, leading to malnutrition in alcoholics.

Question 20

Heavy drinking during pregnancy, especially the early part, often causes
A) Down syndrome in the child.
B) incomplete fusion of the spinal canal in the child.
C) aggressiveness and withdrawal in the child.
D) premature birth and higher rates of still-births.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Heavy drinking during pregnancy, especially the early...

Quiz 11: Substance-Related Disorders

Your text describes two commonly recognized psychotic reactions to alcohol. They are

The "alcohol flush reaction"

James has two alcoholic parents. Research suggests that his risk for alcoholism is

Men who are at high risk for becoming alcoholics

Betty was admitted to the hospital in a state of withdrawal from alcohol. She was diagnosed with alcohol withdrawal delirium formerly known as delirium tremens) . She most likely showed which of the following behaviors?

Which of the following is a common personality characteristic of those who later abuse alcohol?

When John stopped drinking after his last week-long binge, he became very ill. He was disoriented, hallucinating, and paranoid. John seems to be experiencing

One limitation on the findings of genetic influences on alcoholism is that

Studies of the genetics of alcoholism

Korsakoff's psychosis is now known as

Which of the following men has an alcohol-risk personality?

The central feature of alcohol amnestic disorder is

Rates of alcoholism among Asian populations are than among European peoples. This fact may be related to .

What is the role of the mesocorticolimbic dopamine pathway MCLP) ?

All drugs that people become dependent upon

Concerning the causes of alcoholism,

Alcoholic psychosis may occur due to

Bertha has been drinking to excess for many years. She is malnourished. This is because

Malnutrition

Heavy drinking during pregnancy, especially the early part, often causes