Question 1

The mother of a newborn asked the nurse,"When will my baby get the hepatitis B vaccine?" The nurse bases a response on the knowledge that the first dose of Comvax should be given to infants born to a hepatitis B-positive mother within _____ after birth.

Accepted Answer

The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that Comvax,the only thimerosal-free hepatitis B vaccine,should be used for infants born to HBsAg-positive mothers within 12 hours of birth.

Question 2

A 9-year-old child hospitalized for neutropenia is placed in protective isolation.What is the most appropriate response for the nurse to make when the child asks,"Why do you have to wear a gown and mask when you are in my room?"

Accepted Answer

Protective isolation is used for patients who are not communicable but have a lowered resistance and are highly susceptible to infection.

Question 3

The nurse is planning to administer immunizations at a well-child visit when a parent reports the 18-month-old child is allergic to eggs.The vaccine that would be contraindicated is:

Accepted Answer

The influenza vaccine should not be given to children who are allergic to eggs.

Question 4

The statement made by a sexually active adolescent girl indicating an understanding of the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases is:

Accepted Answer

The use of condoms to prevent STDs is not considered 100% effective but is recommended for sexual intercourse.

Question 5

The nurse determined the parent understood the information related to tick bites when he stated:

Accepted Answer

People should keep skin covered by wearing protective clothing in wooded areas to prevent tick bites.

Question 6

The nurse would base a response to a parent about how his child got hepatitis A on the information that the child:

Accepted Answer

Hepatitis A results from ingestion of contaminated water or shellfish.

Question 7

The nurse would document a rash that has erythematous circular raised lesions as:

Accepted Answer

A papule is a circular,reddened elevated area on the skin.

Question 8

The priority nursing diagnosis for a hospitalized infant who is HIV positive would be:

Accepted Answer

The infant who is HIV positive has impaired immunologic functioning and is at high risk for infection.

Question 9

The nurse would choose to administer the immunization injection of:

Accepted Answer

Hib vaccine must be given in a separate syringe from other vaccines administered at the same time.

Question 10

An infant is hospitalized for RSV bronchiolitis.Which type of precautions would the nurse use when caring for the infant?

Accepted Answer

Contact precautions are used when the condition transmits organisms via skin-to-skin contact or indirect touch of a contaminated fomite.

Question 11

The nurse demonstrates proper hand hygiene pointing out that the process should take a minimum of ____ seconds.

Accepted Answer

Hand hygiene should take a minimum of 15 seconds to complete.

Question 12

When the 8-year-old asks the nurse how she got the antibodies that kept her from getting whooping cough,the nurse explains that those shots:

Accepted Answer

Vaccines contain live weakened or dead organisms not strong enough to cause disease but they stimulate the body to develop an immune reaction and antibodies.This is active acquired immunity.

Question 13

The nurse would delay the administration of DTaP when the mother says that her infant:

Accepted Answer

A contraindication to giving the DTaP vaccine is a 40.5° C (105° F)temperature following the previous vaccination.

Question 14

The nurse can be assured that parents understand how long a child who has varicella is contagious when they state "My child:

Accepted Answer

The child with varicella is contagious for 6 days after the appearance of the rash.

Question 15

The nurse explains to the parents that their child is in the prodromal stage of varicella.This means that the child:

Accepted Answer

The prodromal stage is the initial stage of the communicable disease in which the child is infected and contagious but does not yet have outward signs of the disease.

Question 16

A child was sent to the school nurse because of a rash.The nurse noted the rash was present on the trunk,extremities,and face.The child's cheeks were bright red.The nurse is aware this type of rash is consistent with:

Accepted Answer

In fifth disease,the child has a generalized rash and the cheeks have a slapped-cheek appearance.

Question 17

An adolescent is taking tetracycline for a sexually transmitted disease.The nurse would stress in the instruction about this medication to:

Accepted Answer

The nurse would teach the adolescent to take all of the prescribed medication to avoid making the microorganism resistant to tetracyclines.

Question 18

The nurse takes into consideration that the child most susceptible to an opportunistic infection is the one taking a(n):

Accepted Answer

Steroids are immunosuppressive drugs that make the child very susceptible to opportunistic infections.

Question 19

A parent is concerned because her son was exposed to varicella at preschool.The nurse would tell this parent that the incubation period for varicella is _____ days.

Accepted Answer

The incubation period for varicella is 2 to 3 weeks,usually 13 to 17 days.

Question 20

The type of precautions necessary when caring for a toddler with varicella is:

Accepted Answer

Airborne-infection precautions are used for patients with conditions such as tuberculosis,varicella,and rubeola.Small airborne particles caught on floating dust in the room can be inhaled from anywhere in the room.

Quiz 32: The Child with a Communicable Disease