Question 1

Edward L.Bernays for decades pointed to the absence of which one of the following as a major factor keeping public relations from being recognized as a profession?

Accepted Answer

Edward L. Bernays believed that the absence of licensing was a major factor preventing public relations from being recognized as a profession. He argued that without a requirement for licensure, anyone could claim to be a public relations practitioner regardless of training or qualifications.

Question 2

Although all of the following apply, which one is the primary purpose for establishing professional codes of ethics and standards of performance?

Accepted Answer

A

Question 3

Opponents of licensing for public relations practitioners raise what Constitutional issue(s)as the major obstacle(s)to state licensing in the United States?

Accepted Answer

Opponents of licensing argue that the imposition of educational requirements and testing for public relations practitioners violates their freedom of expression, which is protected under the First Amendment of the Constitution. However, proponents of licensing argue that there is a compelling state interest in protecting the public from unethical and unqualified practitioners. This creates a tension between freedom of expression and regulation, which is a critical constitutional issue.

Question 4

Textbooks in public relations support which one of the following indicators of professional status?

Accepted Answer

Textbooks in public relations support specialized educational preparation as an indicator of professional status. This means that having a degree or certification in public relations validates a practitioner's knowledge and skills, and adds credibility to the profession as a whole. While professional associations, codes of ethics, acceptance of personal responsibility, and community recognition are also important aspects of professional status, they may not necessarily be directly supported by textbooks in public relations.

Question 5

Ultimately, public relations is judged by its impact on society.Which one of the following is NOT considered a social benefit of public relations practice?

Accepted Answer

Developing recommendations for communication strategy in the marketing plan and helping management relate decisions to corporate goals is primarily a business benefit of public relations practice, rather than a societal benefit.

Question 6

The argument that licensing would "professionalize the practice" has no legal basis because:

Accepted Answer

According to the reasoning provided in the question, licensing cannot be imposed simply for the benefit of an occupational group. Therefore, the argument that licensing would "professionalize the practice" does not hold legal basis. The other choices do not provide sufficient reasoning as to why licensing would not professionalize the practice.

Question 7

Suppose you take a class on how to conduct surveys.This class would fall into which of the following areas of study recommended by the Commission on Public Relations Education?

Accepted Answer

The class on how to conduct surveys falls under the area of research, measurement, and evaluation as it focuses on the practical skills and techniques required to conduct effective surveys and analyze the results.

Question 8

Codes of ethics for public relations practitioners have little impact unless they are accepted and applied by their employers.Which two of the following practices is NOT used by public relations firms to encourage ethical practice among their employees?

Accepted Answer

The two practices NOT used by public relations firms to encourage ethical practice among their employees are D - Requiring all new employees to have taken at least three of the five courses the Commission on Public Relations Education and E - Requiring all new employees to be accredited in public relations (APR). While holding regular training sessions on ethical issues and making sure that employees know they will be supported by the firm when they make difficult ethical choices are practices used to encourage ethical behavior, requiring new employees to sign an agreement that obligates them to practice according to the PRSA Code of Ethics is another commonly used practice.

Question 9

Which of the following core principles from the PRSA Code of Ethics requires practitioners to "be honest and accurate in all communications"?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following core principles from...

Question 10

The "fiduciary relationship" differentiates professionals from other skilled practitioners.Which one of the following best represents the nature of a fiduciary relationship?

Accepted Answer

A fiduciary relationship is a special trust-based relationship between two parties, where one party has a duty to act in the best interest of the other party. In the case of professionals, they hold their clients' interests and possessions in trust, and are obligated to act in their best interest. This relationship is based on trust, and professionals are expected to act in a manner that is transparent, honest, and in accordance with their clients' needs and interests. Therefore, option C best represents the nature of a fiduciary relationship between a professional and their client.

Question 11

Which organization provides leadership in unifying public relations practitioners worldwide under a common vision: "One profession, one voice"?

Accepted Answer

The Global Alliance for Public Relations and Communication Management provides leadership in unifying public relations practitioners worldwide under a common vision: "One profession, one voice". The other organizations listed are also relevant to the field of public relations but do not specifically focus on unifying practitioners under one vision.

Question 12

Although public relations is an unlicensed field, practitioners may obtain a form of professional status and credentialing by which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Earning accreditation in public relations is a recognized way for practitioners to obtain professional status and credentialing in the field.

Question 13

One of the foundational research projects in public relations was the study of Excellence in Public Relations and Communication Management, conducted in the 1980s.This project was supported by a grant from which organization?

Accepted Answer

The Excellence in Public Relations and Communication Management study was supported by a grant from the IABC (International Association of Business Communicators) Research Foundation.

Question 14

Which organization was formed in 1947, is headquartered in New York, and is the largest professional organization serving the field?

Accepted Answer

The Public Relations Society of America (PRSA) was established in 1947 and is headquartered in New York. It is the largest professional organization serving the field of public relations. The other options such as Chartered Institute of Public Relations and International Public Relations Association are also professional organizations for public relations, but they are not as large as PRSA. The National Association of Government Communicators and International Association of Business Communicators are also professional organizations, but they are not solely focused on public relations.

Question 15

According to the late Edward L.Bernays and other advocates, licensing is necessary to preserve the well-being of society by doing which one of the following?

Accepted Answer

Licensing is necessary to exclude those who are not properly qualified from practicing in a particular field. This helps to maintain a certain level of standard and ensures that only competent professionals are allowed to provide their services in that field.

Question 16

The body of knowledge is documented in both scholarly and trade publications.Which of the following publications is targeted primarily to practitioners, with articles about their day-to-day problems and techniques to overcome them?

Accepted Answer

Public Relations Tactics is a trade publication that focuses on providing practical information and advice to practitioners, making it the best choice for the question. Public Relations Strategist, Journal of Public Relations Research, Public Relations Review, and PR Week are all scholarly publications that provide more in-depth analysis and research on various aspects of public relations.

Question 17

Practitioners who successfully complete the Universal Accreditation Board's portfolio presentation, panel interview, and computer-based examination are allowed to use which of the following after their names?

Accepted Answer

Practitioners who successfully complete the Universal Accreditation Board's portfolio presentation, panel interview, and computer-based examination are allowed to use the designation Accredited in Public Relations (APR) after their names. The other options listed are either not awarded by the Universal Accreditation Board or have different requirements to obtain them.

Question 18

Which of the following professional values from the PRSA Code of Ethics requires practitioners to "adhere to the highest standards of accuracy and truth ...in communicating with the public"?

Accepted Answer

The value that requires practitioners to adhere to the highest standards of accuracy and truth is Honesty.

Question 19

Many public relations leaders have argued that public relations should act as the ______________ of their organization.

Accepted Answer

The role of public relations is not just to promote the organization, but also to ensure that the organization acts ethically and in accordance with the values and expectations of the public. Therefore, acting as the ethical conscience of the organization is a crucial role for public relations leaders.

Quiz 5: Professionalism and Ethics