Question 1

Drugs such as tolterodine (Detrol)that decrease the contractions of smooth muscle are helpful in treating:
A)overactive bladder.
B)polycystic kidney disease.
C)cystocele.
D)interstitial cystitis.

Accepted Answer

Tolterodine, also known as Detrol, is a medication that is used to treat overactive bladder. It works by decreasing the contractions of smooth muscle, which can help to reduce the urge to urinate frequently or urgently. It is not typically used to treat polycystic kidney disease, cystocele, or interstitial cystitis.

Question 2

The plural of glomerulus is:
A)glomeruli.
B)glomerulices.
C)glomerula.
D)glomerulae.

Accepted Answer

The correct plural form of glomerulus is glomeruli, which follows the standard rule of adding -i to the singular form when making a plural.

Question 3

Stress ________ occurs in a woman when she laughs, coughs, or sneezes, causing her to involuntarily pass some urine.
A)hesitancy
B)retention
C)dysuria
D)incontinence

Accepted Answer

Stress incontinence is the involuntary loss of urine due to physical exertion or activity such as laughing, coughing, or sneezing. Hesitancy refers to difficulty starting urination, retention is the inability to completely empty the bladder, and dysuria is painful urination.

Question 4

Which of the following is true about a renal scan?
A)It uses a radioactive isotope injected intravenously.
B)It uses radioactive particles and a scanner to create an image.
C)It is used to look for signs of rejection of a transplanted kidney.
D)All of the above.

Accepted Answer

A renal scan uses a radioactive isotope injected intravenously to create an image of the kidneys. It is used to look for signs of rejection of a transplanted kidney, as well as other conditions such as blockages or abnormalities. The radioactive particles and a scanner work together to create the image. Therefore, all of the given options are true.

Question 5

Which is a radiologic procedure in which x-rays are taken as the patient urinates and expels a contrast dye that was previously inserted into the bladder?
A)voiding cystourethrography
B)retrograde pyelography
C)urinalysis
D)intravenous pyelography

Accepted Answer

Voiding cystourethrography is a radiologic procedure in which x-rays are taken as the patient urinates and expels a contrast dye that was previously inserted into the bladder. B) Retrograde pyelography involves the insertion of a contrast dye into the urethra through a catheter, which is then followed up to the bladder, ureters, and kidneys with x-rays. C) Urinalysis is a laboratory test that examines urine for various components such as red blood cells, white blood cells, bacteria, proteins, and other substances that may indicate a urinary tract infection or other conditions. D) Intravenous pyelography involves the injection of a contrast dye into a vein, which is then filtered by the kidneys and excreted into the urine. X-rays are then taken to visualize the urinary tract.

Question 6

A person with uremia would have a higher-than-normal level for which of these laboratory tests?
A)BUN
B)C&S
C)PSA
D)I&O

Accepted Answer

Uremia is a condition in which there is an accumulation of urea and other waste products in the blood due to impaired kidney function. BUN (blood urea nitrogen) is a laboratory test that measures the amount of urea nitrogen in the blood and is typically elevated in cases of uremia.

Question 7

Which is the cancer of the kidney that is found in children?
A)Wilms'
B)Foley
C)nephroblastoma
D)A and C

Accepted Answer

Wilms' tumor, also known as nephroblastoma, is a type of kidney cancer that is commonly found in children. Foley is not a type of kidney cancer.

Question 8

Which would be a normal finding in a urinalysis?
A)casts
B)albumin
C)creatinine
D)glucose

Accepted Answer

Creatinine is a waste product produced by the muscles and typically found in urine. Casts, albumin, and glucose are abnormal findings in urine and may indicate underlying health issues.

Question 9

Which are examples of drugs that would be prescribed to treat a urinary tract infection?
A)Detrol and Vesicare
B)hydrochlorothiazide and Lasix
C)K-Dur and K-Tab
D)Macrobid and Macrodantin

Accepted Answer

Macrobid and Macrodantin are both antibiotics commonly used to treat urinary tract infections. Detrol and Vesicare are used to treat overactive bladder, hydrochlorothiazide and Lasix are diuretics used to treat high blood pressure and K-Dur and K-Tab are potassium supplements used to treat low potassium levels.

Question 10

If a patient is taking a diuretic drug such as Lasix, it will be necessary to replace the potassium lost in the urine with the medication:
A)Vesicare.
B)Macrobid.
C)K-Dur.
D)Pyridium.

Accepted Answer

Diuretic drugs like Lasix increase the amount of urine produced by the body and can cause potassium loss. K-Dur is a potassium supplement that may be prescribed to replace the electrolyte lost due to the medication. Therefore, K-Dur is the best choice in this situation. Vesicare, Macrobid, and Pyridium are not used to replace potassium lost with diuretic drugs.

Question 11

In addition to creating and excreting urine to rid the body of wastes, the kidney also influences:
A)red blood cell production.
B)blood pressure.
C)the pH of the blood.
D)all of the above.

Accepted Answer

The kidney influences all three factors listed. It is responsible for producing erythropoietin, a hormone that stimulates red blood cell production. The kidney also plays a crucial role in regulating blood pressure through its control of sodium and water balance in the body, and it helps to maintain the proper pH balance of the blood by regulating the levels of acids and bases in the body.

Question 12

The meatus of the urethra is a/an:
A)muscle.
B)gland.
C)opening.
D)sphincter.

Accepted Answer

The meatus of the urethra is the external opening of the urethra, through which urine is expelled from the body.

Question 13

The condition ________ may be found in a diabetic patient who metabolizes fats instead of glucose for energy.
A)oliguria
B)polyuria
C)ketonuria
D)dysuria

Accepted Answer

The term used to describe the condition where a diabetic patient metabolizes fats instead of glucose for energy is diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). DKA results in the accumulation of ketones in the urine (ketonuria), which can be detected by a urine strip test. Polyuria (B) is a symptom of diabetes but is not specific to DKA. Oliguria (A) refers to decreased urine output and is not related to DKA. Dysuria (D) refers to painful urination and is also not related to DKA.

Question 14

Which of the following is an x-ray of the urinary system that uses contrast dye?
A)KUB
B)BUN
C)IVP
D)CAPD

Accepted Answer

IVP (intravenous pyelogram) is an x-ray of the urinary system that uses contrast dye. KUB (kidneys, ureters, bladder) is an x-ray of the urinary system without contrast dye. BUN (blood urea nitrogen) is a blood test used to measure kidney function. CAPD (continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis) is a type of dialysis used to treat kidney failure.

Question 15

An ongoing life-saving procedure that is used to treat ESRD is:
A)catheterization.
B)percutaneous ultrasonic lithotripsy.
C)hemodialysis.
D)radiation.

Accepted Answer

Hemodialysis is the most common and effective life-saving procedure used to treat ESRD. This procedure removes excess fluids and waste products from the blood when the kidneys are no longer able to do so. A and B are not appropriate treatments for ESRD, and radiation is not a primary treatment option for this condition.

Question 16

Mr.Jones has a large kidney stone that is obstructing the flow of urine, resulting in backup of urine in the ureter and into the kidney.This is known as:
A)hydroureter.
B)polycystic kidney disease.
C)urinary incontinence.
D)enuresis.

Accepted Answer

Backup of urine in the ureter and kidney due to obstruction by a kidney stone is known as hydroureter. Polycystic kidney disease is a genetic disorder characterized by the growth of numerous cysts in the kidneys. Urinary incontinence is the involuntary loss of urine, and enuresis is involuntary urination during sleep.

Question 17

A nephropexy is done to correct:
A)nephrolithiasis.
B)nephropathy.
C)nephrosclerosis.
D)nephroptosis.

Accepted Answer

Nephropexy is a surgical procedure that is done to correct nephroptosis, which is the medical term for a condition where the kidney drops down into the pelvis due to weakened supporting tissues. A nephropexy involves anchoring the kidney to the back wall of the abdomen to prevent it from moving out of place. Nephrolithiasis is a condition where there are stones in the kidney. Nephropathy is a general term for kidney disease. Nephrosclerosis is a condition where there is hardening and thickening of the kidney arteries.

Question 18

The inability to voluntarily retain urine is:
A)incontinence.
B)hesitancy.
C)micturition.
D)retention.

Accepted Answer

Incontinence refers to the involuntary loss of urine, or the inability to voluntarily retain urine. Hesitancy refers to difficulty initiating urine flow, micturition refers to the process of emptying the bladder, and retention refers to the inability to completely empty the bladder.

Question 19

The urinary catheter that is inserted through the urethra into the bladder to remain for a period of time is a:
A)suprapubic catheter.
B)Foley catheter.
C)straight catheter.
D)condom catheter.

Accepted Answer

The Foley catheter is specifically designed to remain in place for a period of time and is inserted through the urethra into the bladder. The other options are not intended for extended use in this manner; a suprapubic catheter is surgically inserted through the abdominal wall into the bladder, a straight catheter is used for a one-time draining of the bladder, and a condom catheter is used externally for male incontinence.

Question 20

Which finding in a urinalysis would indicate the presence of a urinary tract infection?
A)ketonuria
B)pyuria
C)polyuria
D)oliguria

Accepted Answer

Pyuria, or the presence of white blood cells in the urine, is a common finding in a urinalysis when a person has a urinary tract infection. Ketonuria indicates the presence of ketones in the urine, which can be a sign of uncontrolled diabetes or a very low-carbohydrate diet. Polyuria refers to excessive urine output, and oliguria is a decrease in urine output, neither of which necessarily indicates an infection.

Quiz 11: Urology - Urinary System

Drugs such as tolterodine (Detrol) that decrease the contractions of smooth muscle are helpful in treating:

The plural of glomerulus is:

Stress ________ occurs in a woman when she laughs, coughs, or sneezes, causing her to involuntarily pass some urine.

Which of the following is true about a renal scan?

Which is a radiologic procedure in which x-rays are taken as the patient urinates and expels a contrast dye that was previously inserted into the bladder?

A person with uremia would have a higher-than-normal level for which of these laboratory tests?

Which is the cancer of the kidney that is found in children?

Which would be a normal finding in a urinalysis?

Which are examples of drugs that would be prescribed to treat a urinary tract infection?

If a patient is taking a diuretic drug such as Lasix, it will be necessary to replace the potassium lost in the urine with the medication:

In addition to creating and excreting urine to rid the body of wastes, the kidney also influences:

The meatus of the urethra is a/an:

The condition ________ may be found in a diabetic patient who metabolizes fats instead of glucose for energy.

Which of the following is an x-ray of the urinary system that uses contrast dye?

An ongoing life-saving procedure that is used to treat ESRD is:

Mr.Jones has a large kidney stone that is obstructing the flow of urine, resulting in backup of urine in the ureter and into the kidney.This is known as:

A nephropexy is done to correct:

The inability to voluntarily retain urine is:

The urinary catheter that is inserted through the urethra into the bladder to remain for a period of time is a:

Which finding in a urinalysis would indicate the presence of a urinary tract infection?