Question 1

Which of the following hypotheses suggest that the strongest and healthiest of voluntary immigrants tend to migrate?
A)Selective migration hypothesis
B)Darwinian migration hypothesis
C)Survival migration hypothesis
D)Universal migration hypothesis

Accepted Answer

The selective migration hypothesis suggests that the strongest and healthiest of voluntary immigrants tend to migrate, as they are more likely to have the resources and abilities to successfully navigate the migration process. The other options (B, C, and D) are not commonly used hypotheses in migration research.

Question 2

Which of the following statements is NOT a limitation to Berry's models of acculturation?
A)Individual's experiencing marginalization are not left "cultureless"
B)Berry's acculturative modes are difficult to apply to individuals belonging to two ethnicities
C)Lack of cross cultural generalizability
D)All of the above are limitations

Accepted Answer

C

Question 3

Immigrants who integrate themselves in the lower social classes may be experiencing _________.
A)Segmented assimilation
B)Counter acculturation
C)Social classification
D)Upward assimilation

Accepted Answer

Segmented assimilation refers to the idea that immigrants who integrate themselves in the lower social classes may experience different outcomes than those who integrate themselves in the middle or upper classes. This may be due to factors such as discrimination, lack of resources or opportunities, and cultural differences. Counter acculturation, social classification, and upward assimilation are not necessarily related to this specific phenomenon.

Question 4

_________ may cause ??????__________.
A)Marginalization…renewed sense of identity
B)Ethnogenesis…dissonant acculturation
C)Role reversals…intergenerational conflict
D)Enculturation…assimilation

Accepted Answer

Role reversals can lead to intergenerational conflict as traditional roles within families or communities are challenged, causing tension between different generations.

Question 5

After moving to the U.S., Bogdan experienced many difficulties adjusting to American life.He had trouble learning English, making friends, understanding the transportation system, and finding access to healthcare.Bogdan is experiencing ________, which is not uncommon among new immigrants.
A)Acculturative stress
B)Enculturation
C)Hardiness
D)Dissonant acculturation

Accepted Answer

Bogdan is experiencing acculturative stress, which is the psychological and physical stress that accompanies adapting to a new cultural environment. This type of stress is common among immigrants who may struggle with language, social norms, and accessing resources in their new home country. Enculturation refers to the process of learning and adapting to one's own culture. Hardiness is a term used to describe a person's resilience and ability to cope with stress. Dissonant acculturation refers to the mismatch between an individual's preferred acculturation strategy and the actual strategy they are forced to follow. None of these terms accurately describe Bogdan's situation.

Question 6

Milton Gordon 1964)suggested a differentiation between "structural assimilation" and acculturation because _________.
A)Earlier definitions of acculturation were incorrect
B)Structural assimilation assumes the incorporation of members in ethnic groups with members in majority groups
C)Acculturation is adoption of the cultural norms and behavioral patterns of the minority groups
D)Unlike acculturation, structural assimilation viewed the immigrant experience as contingent upon individual, group, and environmental factors.

Accepted Answer

Milton Gordon suggested a differentiation between "structural assimilation" and acculturation because structural assimilation assumes the incorporation of members in ethnic groups with members in majority groups, whereas acculturation is the adoption of the cultural norms and behavioral patterns of the minority groups. The other options do not accurately explain the differentiation proposed by Gordon.

Question 7

The process of ________ is often seen among individuals who are a couple of generations removed from a particular ethnic group and who are looking to rediscover their ethnic and cultural roots.
A)Acculturation
B)Enculturation
C)Ethnogenesis
D)Downward assimilation

Accepted Answer

Enculturation refers to the process of learning and adopting the norms, values, and practices of one's own culture, which can include rediscovering and reconnecting with one's ethnic and cultural roots, especially for individuals who are generations removed from their original ethnic group.

Question 8

James a 6^th generation Korean American started to show interest in his genealogy, ancestry, culture, and language.His parents mainly spoke to him in English and his family rarely practiced Korean traditions.James' interest in learning more about his culture can be BEST reflected by which concept? A)Acculturation B)Dissonant acculturation C)Enculturation D)Intergenerational conflict

Accepted Answer

James' interest in learning more about his culture reflects the process of enculturation, which refers to the socialization process where individuals learn and internalize cultural norms and values within their own society or community. In this case, James is attempting to learn more about his Korean cultural heritage, which involves becoming knowledgeable about their traditions, language, and ancestry.

Question 9

The establishment of mandatory language classes and cultural awareness days are prime examples of _______.
A)Reverse acculturation
B)Counter acculturation
C)Principal acculturation
D)Cardinal acculturation

Accepted Answer

Reverse acculturation refers to the process where the dominant culture adopts elements from a minority culture, often seen in efforts to promote multiculturalism and diversity, such as mandatory language classes and cultural awareness days.

Question 10

Which of the following are essential questions to determine an immigrant's mode of acculturation?
I.Is it important to me to keep my own heritage culture and identity?
II.Is it important to me to learn and interact with the dominant culture?
III.Is it important to me to pass down my cultural traditions to my children?
A)I and III
B)II and III
C)I and II
D)I, II, and III

Accepted Answer

The essential questions for determining an immigrant's mode of acculturation focus on the individual's desire to maintain their heritage culture (I) and their willingness to engage with the dominant culture (II). Passing down traditions (III) is related but not essential for determining acculturation mode.

Question 11

Which of the following statements does NOT reflect "biculturalism"?
A)Children who have parents that belong to different ethnic groups are likely to exhibit biculturalism
B)Individuals who choose an integration strategy can be considered bicultural
C)Exposure to more than one culture produces truly bicultural individuals
D)Previous research has shown that bicultural individuals exhibit better physical and mental health than monocultural individuals

Accepted Answer

Exposure to more than one culture does not necessarily produce truly bicultural individuals. Biculturalism requires active engagement and participation in multiple cultures, not just exposure.

Question 12

Which of the following statements is NOT true about Berry's modes of acculturation?
A)Integration and assimilation are often found in the same individual
B)Previous research has shown integration to be the healthiest mode
C)Marginalization occurs when an individual does not show involvement in maintaining his culture or learning about the dominant culture
D)Marginalization can result in serious psychological problems for individuals

Accepted Answer

Berry's modes of acculturation describe how individuals adapt to a new culture, and integration and assimilation are distinct modes rather than being found in the same individual. Integration involves maintaining one's original culture while also interacting with the new culture, whereas assimilation involves giving up one's original culture in favor of the new culture.

Question 13

According to previous acculturation research, _____ tend to experience greater upward mobility than _____ in the U.S.
A)Men…women
B)Parents…children
C)Women…men
D)Elderly…youth

Accepted Answer

Previous research suggests that women tend to experience greater upward mobility than men in the U.S. This may be due to factors such as women's greater participation in higher education and the workforce, as well as changes in societal expectations and gender roles.

Question 14

Individual personality characteristics such as "hardiness" may provide immigrants _________ against the demands for change.
A)Acculturative stress
B)Acculturative buffers
C)Acculturative anxiety
D)Acculturative support

Accepted Answer

Hardiness is a personality trait that suggests an individual's ability to adapt to stressful situations, including acculturative stress. Therefore, it can act as an acculturative buffer, helping immigrants cope with the stress associated with adapting to a new culture.

Question 15

_______ can be viewed as encouraging some type of acculturation around the world by facilitating exposure to different cultures.
A)Assimilation
B)Transnationalization
C)Globalization
D)Enculturation

Accepted Answer

Globalization refers to the growing interconnectedness and interdependence of countries and people around the world, including in terms of cultural exchange. As people and goods move more freely across borders, they are more likely to be exposed to different cultures, which can encourage acculturation. Assimilation typically refers to a more forced or coerced process of adopting the dominant culture of a society, while enculturation refers to the process of learning one's own culture. Transnationalization refers to the increasing influence of non-state actors (such as multinational corporations) on global affairs.

Question 16

Some examples of the implications of _______ can be seen in bilingual rock and rap music, and the mixture of reggae and rap rhythms.
A)Enculturation
B)Structural assimilation
C)Racial mixing
D)Ethnogenesis

Accepted Answer

The term "ethnogenesis" refers to the creation or formation of a new ethnic group. The examples given in the statement - bilingual rock and rap music, and the fusion of reggae and rap rhythms - demonstrate the blending of different cultural influences and the emergence of a new cultural expression, reflecting the process of ethnogenesis.

Question 17

The _________ approach to measuring acculturation assumes a _______ approach to cultural learning Rogler et al., 1991).
A)Multidimensional…continuous
B)Unidirectional…zero-sum
C)Dynamic…lump-sum
D)Static…bidirectional

Accepted Answer

The unidirectional approach to measuring acculturation assumes a zero-sum approach to cultural learning, where gaining aspects of a new culture results in losing aspects of the original culture.

Question 18

Unlike contemporary definitions of acculturation, early definitions assumed acculturation was ________.
A)Dynamic
B)Unidirectional
C)Multidimensional
D)Racially based

Accepted Answer

Early definitions of acculturation were unidirectional, meaning they focused on the process of one culture adopting aspects of another culture, and did not take into account the possibility of mutual exchange or the influence of multiple cultures.

Question 19

In an attempt to "civilize" North American early inhabitants, reformers prohibited Native American children from speaking their language and practice their traditions.This instance in U.S.history BEST encapsulates which mode of acculturation approach?
A)Integration
B)Assimilation
C)Separation
D)Marginalization

Accepted Answer

Prohibiting Native American children from speaking their language and practicing their traditions is an example of assimilation, which involves the dominant culture expecting and forcing the minority culture to conform to their customs and abandoning their own.

Question 20

________ describes the phenomenon that occurs when the pressures to change outweigh coping mechanisms of the immigrant.
A)Acculturative stress
B)Enculturative stress
C)Cultural stressors
D)Integrative stressors

Accepted Answer

Acculturative stress is the stress an individual experiences as they try to adapt to a new culture that differs from their own. This stress can occur when the pressures to change outweigh the coping mechanisms of the immigrant, such as language barriers, lack of social support, and cultural differences. Enculturative stress refers to the stress that occurs when an individual's own culture conflicts with the expectations of their environment. Cultural stressors and integrative stressors are not specific terms used to describe the stressors of immigrant adaptation.

Quiz 4: Acculturation

Which of the following hypotheses suggest that the strongest and healthiest of voluntary immigrants tend to migrate?

Which of the following statements is NOT a limitation to Berry's models of acculturation?

Immigrants who integrate themselves in the lower social classes may be experiencing _________.

_ may cause ??????__.

After moving to the U.S., Bogdan experienced many difficulties adjusting to American life.He had trouble learning English, making friends, understanding the transportation system, and finding access to healthcare.Bogdan is experiencing ________, which is not uncommon among new immigrants.

Milton Gordon 1964) suggested a differentiation between "structural assimilation" and acculturation because _________.

The process of ________ is often seen among individuals who are a couple of generations removed from a particular ethnic group and who are looking to rediscover their ethnic and cultural roots.

James a 6^th generation Korean American started to show interest in his genealogy, ancestry, culture, and language.His parents mainly spoke to him in English and his family rarely practiced Korean traditions.James' interest in learning more about his culture can be BEST reflected by which concept?

The establishment of mandatory language classes and cultural awareness days are prime examples of _______.

Which of the following statements does NOT reflect "biculturalism"?

Which of the following statements is NOT true about Berry's modes of acculturation?

According to previous acculturation research, _ tend to experience greater upward mobility than _ in the U.S.

Individual personality characteristics such as "hardiness" may provide immigrants _________ against the demands for change.

_______ can be viewed as encouraging some type of acculturation around the world by facilitating exposure to different cultures.

Some examples of the implications of _______ can be seen in bilingual rock and rap music, and the mixture of reggae and rap rhythms.

The ___ approach to measuring acculturation assumes a _ approach to cultural learning Rogler et al., 1991) .

Unlike contemporary definitions of acculturation, early definitions assumed acculturation was ________.

In an attempt to "civilize" North American early inhabitants, reformers prohibited Native American children from speaking their language and practice their traditions.This instance in U.S.history BEST encapsulates which mode of acculturation approach?

________ describes the phenomenon that occurs when the pressures to change outweigh coping mechanisms of the immigrant.