Question 1

Which of the following would be considered a primary appraisal in the stress process?

Accepted Answer

A primary appraisal is the evaluation of a situation to determine if it is potentially harmful, threatening, or challenging. Option C pertains to a person's evaluation of a situation as being far from their goal, which can be considered a primary appraisal. The other options pertain to secondary appraisals, which involve evaluating one's resources and options for coping with the stressor.

Question 2

Which of the following would be considered a non- competitive,expected stressor?

Accepted Answer

The stressor mentioned in option D is non-competitive and expected as organizing transportation to a venue is a common task in attending competitions. Options A, B, and C all involve unexpected and competitive stressors such as dealing with bad calls, getting injured during a game, and having a sick pet before a competition, which can negatively impact performance.

Question 3

If acute stressors are not managed effectively they can lead to long- term chronic stress and burnout.

Accepted Answer

Acute stressors can build up over time and if not effectively managed, can contribute to chronic stress and eventually burnout.

Question 4

In Smith's stress management training people practice coping with gradually increasing levels of stress rather than learning to turn off a high level of stress via the implementation of an integrated coping response.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In Smith's stress management training people practice...

Question 5

Which of the following conclusions best reflects researchers' current understanding of coping styles in sport?

Accepted Answer

Research has found some evidence for different coping styles in sport, but individuals vary in how consistent they are with their coping across different situations. Therefore, option B is the best reflection of researchers' current understanding of coping styles in sport. Options A, C, and D do not accurately reflect the current research on coping styles in sport.

Question 6

A weakness in Lazarus' argument that a focus on emotions will be more useful than the general concept of stress is that he only describes the core relational themes for negative emotions.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A weakness in Lazarus' argument that a...

Question 7

According to the literature on coping in sport,who is at risk of burnout in sport?

Accepted Answer

Burnout in sport can affect coaches, athletes, and athletic directors due to the high demands and pressures associated with their roles.

Question 8

What role does coping play in the stress process? Provide an example of how coping can change someone's experience of stress through changing both (a)cognitive appraisal and
(b)the actual situation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of What role does coping play in the...

Question 9

The specific term used in the chapter on stress and coping in sport and exercise that refers to a concern over a negative evaluation of one's physique is .

Accepted Answer

The specific term used in the chapter on stress and coping in sport and exercise that refers to a concern over a negative evaluation of one's physique is social physique anxiety.

Question 10

Describe the distinction between cognitive appraisals that represent the various forms of stress,including (a)harm/loss,(b)threat,and (c)challenge; and provide one example of each type for each of (i)sport and (ii)exercise.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the distinction between cognitive appraisals that...

Question 11

Case: Peter is high level soccer player who is experiencing "stress" over his diminished athletic skill.As a result he comes to see you to help him more effectively manage his stress so that he can continue to enjoy playing.When you meet with Peter for the first time,what is the most important information that you need to find out from him in order to decide on an effective coping intervention?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Case: Peter is high level soccer player...

Question 12

Coping attempts that are organized,flexible,and constructive are sometimes referred to as .

Accepted Answer

The answer of Coping attempts that are organized,flexible,and constructive are...

Question 13

Which theory states that differences in stress are primarily the result of the different roles men and women play in society as opposed to any inherent gender differences?

Accepted Answer

Role constraint theory suggests that stress differences arise from societal roles rather than inherent gender differences.

Question 14

Distinguish between the concepts of primary and secondary appraisal in the experience of stress.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Distinguish between the concepts of primary and...

Question 15

Distinguish between micro- and macro- levels of coping.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Distinguish between micro- and macro- levels of...

Question 16

The process by which individuals attempt to control the impressions others form of them is called .

Accepted Answer

Self-presentation refers to the strategic process by which individuals attempt to control the impressions others form of them. This can include managing one's behavior, appearance, and communication in order to create a desired image or impression in the eyes of others. Social physique anxiety, stress inoculation, and self-esteem are all related concepts, but they do not refer specifically to the process of self-presentation.

Question 17

Why is an understanding of the discrete emotions experienced by athletes potentially more useful than just knowing that athletes are "stressed"? Provide an example that demonstrates how an understanding of the discrete emotion experienced can tell us more than knowing that someone is simply experiencing stress.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why is an understanding of the discrete...

Question 18

Case: Julia comes to you expressing that she wants to begin a routine of regular exercise,but that going to the gym "stresses her out".If you were going to help Julia more effectively manage her stress,what is the most important information that you need to find out from her in order to decide on an effective way to help her?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Case: Julia comes to you expressing that...

Question 19

Cognitive and behavioural efforts to manage specific external or internal demands that are appraised as taxing or exceeding the person's resources is known as .

Accepted Answer

The definition given perfectly fits the concept of coping, which involves using cognitive and behavioural strategies to deal with stressful situations that are perceived as beyond one's capabilities.

Question 20

A university athlete who experiences stress over not being able to play Canadian Interuniversity Sport due to using up her eligibility is experiencing which type of stress as a result of the cognitive appraisal process?

Accepted Answer

The scenario describes a situation where the athlete is experiencing stress over a perceived harm/loss. This is because the athlete's eligibility has expired, which means she cannot participate in a competitive league anymore. The cognitive appraisal process involves evaluating whether a situation poses a threat, challenge, or harm/loss. In this case, it is clear that the athlete sees the situation as causing harm/loss. Therefore, the correct answer is B.

Quiz 6: Stress and Coping in Sport and Exercise