Question 1

A connective tissue fiber refers to a(n) ________ and a muscle fiber refers to a/an ________.
A) entire cell; tissue
B) entire cell; part of a cell
C) entire cell; complex of macromolecules
D) complex of macromolecules; part of a cell
E) complex of macromolecules; entire cell

Accepted Answer

A connective tissue fiber is a complex of macromolecules such as collagen, elastin, or reticular fibers, while a muscle fiber is an entire cell, specifically a muscle cell or myocyte, which is specialized for contraction.

Question 2

In the intestine, ________ ensure(s) that most digested nutrients pass through the epithelial cells and not between them.
A) the plasma membrane
B) desmosomes
C) tight junctions
D) gap (communicating) junctions
E) ground substance

Accepted Answer

Tight junctions in the intestine create a barrier that ensures most digested nutrients pass through the epithelial cells rather than between them, maintaining selective permeability.

Question 3

An example of a highly vascular tissue is ________ tissue. An example of a tissue that is not highly vascular is ________.
A) epithelial; cartilage
B) muscular; osseous tissue
C) dense regular connective; dense irregular connective tissue
D) areolar; cartilage
E) nervous; osseous tissue

Accepted Answer

Areolar tissue is highly vascular, providing nutrients and waste removal for surrounding tissues. Cartilage is not highly vascular, which is why it heals slowly.

Question 4

Which of the following occur due to changes in the cells, extracellular materials, and tissues in older adults? (Check all that apply.)
A) Loss of elasticity of connective tissue
B) Loss of flexibility of connective tissue
C) Increase of neurons
D) Increase of muscle cells
E) Increase in collagen fibers

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following occur due to...

Question 5

________ epithelium is associated with rapid transport of substances through a membrane, whereas ________ epithelium is associated with resistance to abrasion.
A) Simple columnar; transitional
B) Simple squamous; stratified squamous
C) Simple cuboidal; pseudostratified
D) Pseudostratified; simple squamous
E) Pseudostratified; simple cuboidal

Accepted Answer

Simple squamous epithelium is associated with rapid transport of substances due to its thin, single-layer structure, facilitating diffusion and filtration. Stratified squamous epithelium, with its multiple layers, is designed to protect underlying tissues in areas subject to abrasion.

Question 6

The membrane that lines the digestive, respiratory, urinary, and reproductive tracts consists of
A) simple squamous epithelium and dense irregular connective tissue
B) areolar and dense irregular connective tissue
C) epithelium and lamina propria
D) areolar tissue and lamina propria
E) simple squamous epithelium and areolar tissue

Accepted Answer

The membrane that lines the digestive, respiratory, urinary, and reproductive tracts is made up of epithelium and lamina propria. The epithelium varies depending on the tract (e.g., simple columnar in most of the digestive system, pseudostratified columnar in parts of the respiratory system), but it is always supported by the lamina propria, a layer of loose connective tissue.

Question 7

Plasma cells produce the ground substance that forms the matrix of connective tissues.

Accepted Answer

Plasma cells are specialized white blood cells that produce antibodies, not the ground substance of connective tissues.

Question 8

________ epithelium is the most widespread epithelium in the body, whereas ________ epithelium is rare.
A) Simple columnar; stratified columnar
B) Stratified squamous; stratified columnar
C) Pseudostratified; stratified squamous
D) Simple cuboidal; stratified squamous
E) Stratified squamous; simple squamous

Accepted Answer

Stratified squamous epithelium is the most widespread because it is found in areas subject to wear and tear, providing protection. Stratified columnar epithelium is rare and found in only a few locations, such as parts of the pharynx, male urethra, and lining some glandular ducts.

Question 9

Which of the following does not account for the gelatinous consistency of connective tissue ground substance?
A) Glycosaminoglycans
B) Proteoglycans
C) Chondroitin sulfate
D) Hyaluronic acid
E) Collagen

Accepted Answer

Collagen is a fibrous protein that provides strength and structure to connective tissues, rather than contributing to their gelatinous consistency. The gelatinous consistency is mainly due to glycosaminoglycans, proteoglycans, chondroitin sulfate, and hyaluronic acid, which are all components that attract and retain water.

Question 10

Marfan syndrome is a hereditary defect of elastin fibers. People with this syndrome have ________.
A) hyperextensible joints
B) a small cranium
C) elastic bones
D) stronger bones
E) viscous blood

Accepted Answer

Marfan syndrome is characterized by hyperextensible joints due to the defect in the body's connective tissue, including elastin fibers, which affects the flexibility and strength of tissues.

Question 11

A tissue sample has the following components: calcified matrix, collagen, and fibroblasts. Sandy has identified it as bone, but her instructor stated that was incorrect. Which statements below should her instructor use to explain the error?
A) Bone tissue would have osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and osteocytes present.
B) Bone tissue has elastin fibers, not collagen fibers.
C) Fibroblasts are only present in cartilage tissue.
D) Calcified matrix is a characteristic of cartilage not bone tissue.

Accepted Answer

A) Bone tissue is characterized by the presence of osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and osteocytes, which are specific to bone formation, remodeling, and maintenance.

Question 12

The duct of an endocrine gland leads into the bloodstream rather than onto an epithelial surface.

Accepted Answer

Endocrine glands are ductless and release hormones directly into the bloodstream, not through a duct.

Question 13

Collagenous fibers are very abundant in ________.
A) blood and hyaline cartilage
B) blood, adipose tissue, and osseous tissue
C) ligaments, bones, and the most superficial portion of the skin
D) tendons, ligaments, and the deeper portion of the skin
E) areolar tissue, tongue, and bones

Accepted Answer

Collagenous fibers provide strength and flexibility, which are essential in tendons and ligaments for connecting muscles to bones and bones to each other, respectively. They are also abundant in the dermis, the deeper portion of the skin, where they provide structural integrity and support.

Question 14

The pseudostratified columnar epithelium of the bronchi in smokers may transform into stratified squamous epithelium. This is an example of ________.
A) regeneration
B) replacement
C) atrophy
D) differentiation
E) hyperplasia

Accepted Answer

This transformation is an example of replacement, where one type of tissue is replaced by another type, often as an adaptive response to a change in conditions, such as the exposure to smoke in smokers.

Question 15

If mesenchymal cells experience mutation during development, which of the following structures is most likely affected by the mutation?
A) Bones
B) Cartilage
C) Tendons
D) All of the choices are correct.

Accepted Answer

Mesenchymal cells are multipotent stromal cells that can differentiate into a variety of cell types, including those that form bones, cartilage, and tendons. Therefore, a mutation in these cells during development could potentially affect all of these structures.

Question 16

________ exhibits a lot of apparently empty space, and is found in many serous membranes.
A) Blood
B) Areolar tissue
C) Osseous tissue
D) Dense irregular connective tissue
E) Adipose tissue

Accepted Answer

Areolar tissue is a type of connective tissue that fills the spaces between organs and connects skin to underlying muscles. It is characterized by a loose arrangement of fibers and cells, providing it with a lot of apparently empty space. This tissue type is commonly found in many serous membranes, acting as a packing and binding material.

Question 17

Which of the following is not a feature that connective tissues have in common?
A) Very conspicuous fibers
B) The presence of fibroblasts
C) The presence of collagen
D) Ground substance with a gelatinous to rubbery consistency
E) A calcified matrix

Accepted Answer

Connective tissues typically have fibers, fibroblasts, collagen, and a ground substance that can range from gelatinous to rubbery in consistency. A calcified matrix is specific to bone tissue, which is a specialized type of connective tissue, but not a common feature of all connective tissues.

Question 18

Fibroblasts and protein fibers are associated with both ________ and ________.
A) dense regular; dense irregular connective tissues
B) plasma; formed elements
C) elastic cartilage; hyaline cartilage
D) spongy bone; compact (dense) bone
E) adipose tissue; reticular tissue

Accepted Answer

Fibroblasts are a type of cell found in connective tissues, where they produce and maintain the extracellular matrix, including various types of protein fibers. Dense regular and dense irregular connective tissues both contain fibroblasts and protein fibers, with the arrangement of fibers differing between the two types.

Question 19

Which of the following is not a feature that almost all connective tissues have in common?
A) Most cells are not in direct contact with each other.
B) Ground substance is so scarce that it is not visible with a light microscope.
C) Cells usually occupy less space than the extracellular material.
D) Protein fibers are usually present in the ground substance.
E) Most connective tissues are highly vascular.

Accepted Answer

Connective tissues typically have an abundant ground substance that can be quite visible under a light microscope, contrary to the scarcity suggested in option B. This ground substance, along with fibers and cells, is a fundamental component of connective tissues, providing a medium through which cells can exchange nutrients and waste.

Question 20

Astronauts in zero gravity are able to move food through their digestive tracts because
A) smooth muscle produces waves of contractions that propel material through the digestive tract.
B) skeletal muscle puts pressure on the digestive tract.
C) cardiac muscle maintains a high pressure that moves material through the digestive tract.
D) striated muscle creates a pressure gradient that forces material from one end of the digestive tract to the other.
E) skeletal muscle sphincters contract and allow materials to move through the digestive tract.

Accepted Answer

Smooth muscle in the walls of the digestive organs produces waves of contractions known as peristalsis, which propels food through the digestive tract regardless of gravity.

Quiz 4: Tissues

A connective tissue fiber refers to a(n) and a muscle fiber refers to a/an .

In the intestine, ________ ensure(s) that most digested nutrients pass through the epithelial cells and not between them.

An example of a highly vascular tissue is tissue. An example of a tissue that is not highly vascular is .

Which of the following occur due to changes in the cells, extracellular materials, and tissues in older adults? (Check all that apply.)

epithelium is associated with rapid transport of substances through a membrane, whereas epithelium is associated with resistance to abrasion.

The membrane that lines the digestive, respiratory, urinary, and reproductive tracts consists of

Plasma cells produce the ground substance that forms the matrix of connective tissues.

epithelium is the most widespread epithelium in the body, whereas epithelium is rare.

Which of the following does not account for the gelatinous consistency of connective tissue ground substance?

Marfan syndrome is a hereditary defect of elastin fibers. People with this syndrome have ________.

A tissue sample has the following components: calcified matrix, collagen, and fibroblasts. Sandy has identified it as bone, but her instructor stated that was incorrect. Which statements below should her instructor use to explain the error?

The duct of an endocrine gland leads into the bloodstream rather than onto an epithelial surface.

Collagenous fibers are very abundant in ________.

The pseudostratified columnar epithelium of the bronchi in smokers may transform into stratified squamous epithelium. This is an example of ________.

If mesenchymal cells experience mutation during development, which of the following structures is most likely affected by the mutation?

________ exhibits a lot of apparently empty space, and is found in many serous membranes.

Which of the following is not a feature that connective tissues have in common?

Fibroblasts and protein fibers are associated with both and .

Which of the following is not a feature that almost all connective tissues have in common?

Astronauts in zero gravity are able to move food through their digestive tracts because