Question 1

Marlon is physically dependent on heroin. If he stops using the drug, he may ____.
A) experience withdrawal symptoms which are often severe
B) find he has very few cravings if he stops abruptly
C) have a potentially deadly withdrawal unless supervised by a doctor
D) find that Antabuse makes the withdrawal symptoms much easier to take

Accepted Answer

Marlon is physically dependent on heroin, which means that his body has become accustomed to the drug and will experience withdrawal symptoms if he stops using it. Withdrawal symptoms from heroin can be severe and include cravings, anxiety, insomnia, and muscle aches.

Question 2

The results of research on genetic and environmental factors involved in alcohol abuse find that ____.
A) genetic factors accounted for 56 percent of the risk of alcohol dependence
B) genetic factors accounted for 75 percent of the risk of alcohol abuse
C) genetic factors accounted for 45 percent of the risk of alcohol dependence while shared early environment made an 11 percent contribution to risk
D) genetic factors made no significant contribution to risk of alcohol dependence while early environment made accounted for 56 percent of the risk of alcohol dependence

Accepted Answer

The answer of The results of research on genetic and...

Question 3

Genetic influences that make alcohol consumption aversive and thus reduce risk of alcoholism include the protective effects of ____.
A) gender
B) hormonal balancing mechanisms
C) variations in genes that produce ALDH enzymes
D) gene and environment interactions

Accepted Answer

Variations in genes that produce ALDH enzymes can lead to an accumulation of acetaldehyde, causing unpleasant reactions to alcohol and reducing the risk of alcoholism.

Question 4

Jean just returned from active duty in a war zone. He has been experiencing hyperarousal and reexperiencing the traumatic events he encountered. Which substance is he most likely to turn to first?
A) alcohol
B) cocaine
C) heroin
D) valium

Accepted Answer

Alcohol is commonly used by individuals with PTSD to self-medicate symptoms such as hyperarousal and reexperiencing traumatic events.

Question 5

Which statement accurately reflects our knowledge of the causes of drug use?
A) One personality style-the antisocial personality-is the basis for nearly all drug use.
B) Biological, psychological, social, and sociocultural influences are involved in drug use.
C) All drug users have one thing in common: a genetic predisposition to use drugs.
D) People use illegal drugs because they are forbidden and largely unfamiliar

Accepted Answer

Drug use is influenced by a complex interplay of biological, psychological, social, and sociocultural factors, rather than a single cause or personality type.

Question 6

Stanley has entered a rehabilitation facility for treatment of his addiction to barbiturates. He is immediately prevented from using the drugs and experiences agitation, restlessness, increased respiration, and insomnia. This phase of treatment is called ____.
A) detoxification
B) opponent processing
C) arousal
D) primary rehabilitation

Accepted Answer

The phase of treatment described is detoxification, which involves removing the addictive substance from the body and managing the withdrawal symptoms that arise. The symptoms described (agitation, restlessness, increased respiration, and insomnia) are common during barbiturate withdrawal. Opponent processing refers to the neurological concept that a drug may initially produce effects that are opposite to its eventual withdrawal symptoms. Arousal is a general term that refers to a state of heightened physiological and psychological activity. Primary rehabilitation is a term that is not commonly used in the field of addiction treatment.

Question 7

Risk of relapse following drug treatment is highest ____.
A) when cravings occur
B) when one is feeling very positive emotional states
C) when one is under social pressure
D) several years after treatment has ended

Accepted Answer

Cravings are a strong trigger for relapse as they can create an overwhelming desire to use the substance again, especially if coping mechanisms are not well established.

Question 8

The personality characteristic of ____, associated with rebelliousness, novelty-seeking, risk-taking and impulsivity, increases risk of substance use.
A) behavioral undercontrol
B) extraversion
C) introversion
D) aggression

Accepted Answer

Behavioral undercontrol is a personality characteristic associated with impulsivity, risk-taking, and lack of self-control. These traits increase the likelihood of engaging in substance use and other risky behaviors. The other options (B, C, and D) are not directly related to substance use risk.

Question 9

Alcoholism among Hispanic groups is believed to be most affected by which factor?
A) negative consequences
B) media messages
C) discrimination
D) peer pressure

Accepted Answer

Discrimination is a significant factor affecting alcoholism among Hispanic groups, as it can lead to stress and marginalization, which may increase the risk of alcohol abuse.

Question 10

A woman in treatment for alcohol use disorder is allowed to consume one drink at an outing as part of her program. What is this called?
A) controlled drinking
B) regulated relapse
C) prolonged abstinence relapse
D) contingency

Accepted Answer

This is called controlled drinking, which allows the individual to have a limited amount of alcohol in a controlled environment as part of their treatment plan. This approach is based on harm reduction principles and the belief that abstinence may not be the only path to recovery for everyone.

Question 11

Which term indicates intoxication from chemical vapors found in a variety of common household products?
A) "huffing"
B) "sniffing"
C) "cleaning"
D) "crashing"

Accepted Answer

"Huffing" refers to the intentional inhalation of chemical vapors to achieve a psychoactive effect, often from household products.

Question 12

Molly hears that addiction may be due to changes in brain patterns and activity as a result of repeated drug use. When she asks her professor why this is so, he cites research which states that ____.
A) what she has heard is only a myth, and has no basis in fact
B) only individuals with familial alcoholism and drug addiction are likely to show these changes in brain patterns
C) the chronic flooding of dopamine from drug use eventually results in compulsive drug-seeking behavior
D) the research is merely correlational and no one is certain why this happens

Accepted Answer

The chronic flooding of dopamine from drug use can lead to changes in brain patterns, resulting in compulsive drug-seeking behavior.

Question 13

When raised by parents who use alcohol or other drugs liberally, adolescents ____.
A) receive less parental monitoring and have increased substance use
B) may experiment with alcohol and drugs, but rarely use to excess
C) tend not to drink alcohol because they see how harmful it is
D) will likely drink
Heavily but not use other drugs

Accepted Answer

Adolescents raised by parents who use substances liberally often receive less parental monitoring, which can lead to increased substance use among the adolescents themselves.

Question 14

Based on their drug and alcohol use research of adolescents, Van Gundy, Cesar, and Rebellon (2010) found that ____ use during adolescence predicts later illicit substance use.
A) cannabis
B) caffeine
C) nicotine
D) alcohol

Accepted Answer

The answer of Based on their drug and alcohol use...

Question 15

Alcoholism specialists who believe alcoholism is a disease argue that chronic alcohol use ____.
A) changes cerebral functioning in fundamental and long-lasting ways
B) can be cured by the use of medications like Antabuse.
C) can be controlled through controlled, moderate alcohol use
D) can largely be accounted for by a single mutated gene

Accepted Answer

Chronic alcohol use is believed to change cerebral functioning in fundamental and long-lasting ways, supporting the view of alcoholism as a disease.

Question 16

Which drug has both stimulant and hallucinogenic properties?
A) benzodiazepine
B) cocaine
C) Ecstasy
D) heroin

Accepted Answer

Ecstasy, also known as MDMA, has both stimulant and hallucinogenic properties, affecting mood and perception.

Question 17

Peggy says that since she has gotten to know George, she realizes that he has an alcoholic personality. According to the research on substance abuse what personality trait is most associated with substance use and abuse?
A) behavioral undercontrol
B) need for sameness
C) schizotypy
D) introversion

Accepted Answer

Behavioral undercontrol, which includes traits like impulsivity and sensation-seeking, is most commonly associated with substance use and abuse.

Question 18

Andre is trying to abstain from using drugs. Which factor is most likely to result in his relapse?
A) the fact that he was a light user
B) becoming concerned about his academic success in college
C) having a job that he enjoys
D) lack of a social support network

Accepted Answer

A lack of a social support network is a significant risk factor for relapse, as support from friends, family, or support groups can provide encouragement and accountability, helping individuals maintain sobriety.

Question 19

It is likely that the body's reduced production of ____ reduces the risk of substance abuse in some populations.
A) ALDH
B) THC
C) PCP
D) GABA

Accepted Answer

ALDH (aldehyde dehydrogenase) is an enzyme that plays a key role in breaking down alcohol in the body. Some populations, particularly East Asians, have a genetic variant that results in lower ALDH production, leading to a buildup of toxic byproducts when alcohol is consumed. This can cause unpleasant symptoms such as facial flushing, headache, and nausea, and may reduce the likelihood of heavy drinking and alcohol dependence. Therefore, a reduced production of ALDH may reduce the risk of substance abuse in these populations.

Question 20

The two main psychological motives for substance use appear to be ____.
A) coping with stress and emotional symptoms
B) sexual desire and aggression
C) anxiety and inhibition
D) hostility and depression

Accepted Answer

Substance use is often motivated by the desire to cope with stress and emotional symptoms, as individuals may use substances to manage or escape from negative emotions and stressors.

Quiz 10: Substance-Related and Other Addictive Disorders

Marlon is physically dependent on heroin. If he stops using the drug, he may ____.

The results of research on genetic and environmental factors involved in alcohol abuse find that ____.

Genetic influences that make alcohol consumption aversive and thus reduce risk of alcoholism include the protective effects of ____.

Jean just returned from active duty in a war zone. He has been experiencing hyperarousal and reexperiencing the traumatic events he encountered. Which substance is he most likely to turn to first?

Which statement accurately reflects our knowledge of the causes of drug use?

Stanley has entered a rehabilitation facility for treatment of his addiction to barbiturates. He is immediately prevented from using the drugs and experiences agitation, restlessness, increased respiration, and insomnia. This phase of treatment is called ____.

Risk of relapse following drug treatment is highest ____.

The personality characteristic of ____, associated with rebelliousness, novelty-seeking, risk-taking and impulsivity, increases risk of substance use.

Alcoholism among Hispanic groups is believed to be most affected by which factor?

A woman in treatment for alcohol use disorder is allowed to consume one drink at an outing as part of her program. What is this called?

Which term indicates intoxication from chemical vapors found in a variety of common household products?

Molly hears that addiction may be due to changes in brain patterns and activity as a result of repeated drug use. When she asks her professor why this is so, he cites research which states that ____.

When raised by parents who use alcohol or other drugs liberally, adolescents ____.

Based on their drug and alcohol use research of adolescents, Van Gundy, Cesar, and Rebellon (2010) found that ____ use during adolescence predicts later illicit substance use.

Alcoholism specialists who believe alcoholism is a disease argue that chronic alcohol use ____.

Which drug has both stimulant and hallucinogenic properties?

Peggy says that since she has gotten to know George, she realizes that he has an alcoholic personality. According to the research on substance abuse what personality trait is most associated with substance use and abuse?

Andre is trying to abstain from using drugs. Which factor is most likely to result in his relapse?

It is likely that the body's reduced production of ____ reduces the risk of substance abuse in some populations.

The two main psychological motives for substance use appear to be ____.