Question 1

The only membrane bone that occurs inferior to the skull is the

Accepted Answer

The clavicle is the only membrane bone located inferior to the skull, as it develops through intramembranous ossification, unlike the other options which develop through endochondral ossification.

Question 2

An osteon is composed of

Accepted Answer

An osteon, also known as a Haversian system, is the fundamental functional unit of compact bone, consisting of concentric layers of bone lamellae surrounding a central canal that contains blood vessels and nerves.

Question 3

In the repair of a simple fracture, the step that follows formation of a hematoma is

Accepted Answer

After the formation of a hematoma, the next step in the repair of a simple fracture is the formation of a fibrocartilaginous callus, which helps stabilize the fracture site.

Question 4

The type of cartilage that comprises the epiglottis is

Accepted Answer

The epiglottis is made of elastic cartilage, which provides flexibility and strength, allowing it to bend and cover the trachea during swallowing.

Question 5

Which type of fracture tends to occur where cartilage cells are dying and the matrix is calcifying?

Accepted Answer

Epiphyseal fractures occur at the growth plate, where cartilage cells are dying and the matrix is calcifying, affecting bone growth in children and adolescents.

Question 6

Within a long bone of the skeleton, the circumferential lamellae are located in the

Accepted Answer

Circumferential lamellae are layers of bone matrix that encircle the outer and inner surfaces of compact bone, contributing to the bone's strength and structure.

Question 7

The type of cartilage that can withstand the strongest compression and tension forces is

Accepted Answer

Fibrocartilage is designed to withstand strong compression and tension forces due to its dense collagen fiber content, making it the toughest type of cartilage.

Question 8

The cartilage of the epiphyseal plates is organized into zones based upon the unique processes occurring in each of these regions. Identify the correct sequence of these processes, from the epiphyseal end toward the diaphysis.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The cartilage of the epiphyseal plates is...

Question 9

Osteoblasts probably originate directly from

Accepted Answer

Osteoblasts originate from mesenchyme cells, which are multipotent stromal cells that can differentiate into a variety of cell types, including osteoblasts.

Question 10

The primary center of ossification

Accepted Answer

The primary center of ossification is in the diaphysis. This is where the first bone tissue is formed.

Question 11

Rickets most often results from a deficiency of vitamin

Accepted Answer

Rickets is a disease that affects bone development in children and is most commonly caused by a deficiency of vitamin D, which is essential for proper calcium absorption and bone health.

Question 12

Cartilage repairs slowly after adolescence because

Accepted Answer

Chondrocytes, the cells responsible for cartilage maintenance and repair, have a reduced ability to divide after adolescence, leading to slower repair processes.

Question 13

The type of cartilage that forms the costal cartilages at the ends of the ribs is

Accepted Answer

Hyaline cartilage is the most common type of cartilage and is found in the costal cartilages, which connect the ribs to the sternum.

Question 14

If a bone is thin, flattened, and somewhat curved, that bone is a(n) bone.

Accepted Answer

Flat bones are characterized by being thin, flattened, and often curved, such as the bones of the skull and the sternum.

Question 15

Muscles are not likely to tear from their bones because

Accepted Answer

Perforating fibers of collagen, also known as Sharpey's fibers, strongly attach tendons to the periosteum and the cortical surfaces of bone, providing a secure connection that reduces the likelihood of muscle tears from the bone.

Question 16

Which term applies to a number of disorders in adults in which the bones are inadequately mineralized?

Accepted Answer

Osteomalacia is a condition in adults where bones are inadequately mineralized, leading to softening of the bones.

Question 17

What type of tissue is the embryonic precursor for long bones in the fetal skeleton?

Accepted Answer

Hyaline cartilage is the embryonic precursor for long bones in the fetal skeleton, as it is the initial cartilage model that is gradually replaced by bone through the process of endochondral ossification.

Question 18

A hormone that increases the bone-degrading activity of osteoclasts is

Accepted Answer

Parathyroid hormone increases the activity of osteoclasts, which are cells that break down bone tissue, releasing calcium into the bloodstream.

Question 19

If a bone located in a limb is longer than it is wide, that bone is a(n) bone.

Accepted Answer

A bone that is longer than it is wide is classified as a long bone, which is typical of bones in the limbs.

Question 20

A long bone is able to withstand extreme torsion or twisting stresses because

Accepted Answer

The collagen fibers and mineral crystals in adjacent lamellae of an osteon are aligned in opposite directions, which helps the bone resist torsion or twisting stresses.

Quiz 6: Bones and Skeletal Tissues