Question 1

Kelly is a student. However, she does not socialise with fellow students (as she thinks they are childish) nor does she have lunch at the student cafeteria. Instead, she dresses in suits and has lunch at a nearby café frequented by executive types. The category of 'student group' for her is probably a:

Accepted Answer

Kelly's behavior indicates that she views the student group negatively, as she avoids socializing with fellow students and prefers to associate with a different social group (executive types). This makes the student group a negative reference group for her, as she distances herself from the behaviors and attitudes of this group.

Question 2

When someone asks you to comply, the want to see:

Accepted Answer

Compliance refers to the act of changing one's behavior due to the request or direction of another person, typically without a change in private beliefs or attitudes. It involves an external change in behavior and possibly in expressed attitudes, often without the internal acceptance that characterizes conformity or internalization.

Question 3

Research completed on the concepts of leadership and power now indicates that:

Accepted Answer

Leadership and power both involve social influence, but they are distinct concepts. Leadership often involves guiding or directing others, while power is about the capacity to influence behavior. They can be differentiated by their application and the context in which they are used.

Question 4

A positive reference group:

Accepted Answer

The answer of A positive reference group:
...

Question 5

Conformity:

Accepted Answer

Conformity is based on the subjective validity of social norms, as individuals align their behaviors and beliefs with those of a group to fit in or be accepted.

Question 6

An experimental finding by Bochner and Insko (1966) that information is more readily accepted when presented by a Nobel Prize-winning personality is an illustration of:

Accepted Answer

The finding illustrates expert power, which is the influence one possesses due to one's expertise, skills, or knowledge. In this case, a Nobel Prize-winning personality is likely to be perceived as an expert, making their information more readily accepted.

Question 7

A collection of individuals who are significant for a person's attitude and behaviour both in a positive as well as a negative sense is termed:

Accepted Answer

A reference group is a social group that serves as a point of reference in making evaluations and decisions, influencing a person's behavior and attitudes in both positive and negative ways.

Question 8

According to Moscovici (1976), an important prerequisite for coercive compulsion and compliance is that the source of social influence is perceived by the target of social influence to have:

Accepted Answer

Moscovici (1976) emphasized the perception of power as a crucial prerequisite for coercive compulsion and compliance in the context of social influence. This is because the effectiveness of coercion and the likelihood of compliance increase when the target perceives the influencer as having power or authority over them.

Question 9

Mr Swine is the owner of a new shoe factory. He can threaten, or even punish, his predominantly immigrant and female factory workers if they make mistakes. Mr Swine's power is:

Accepted Answer

Coercive power is based on the ability to punish or threaten others, which aligns with Mr. Swine's actions towards his factory workers.

Question 10

Compliance, obedience and conformity:

Accepted Answer

Compliance, obedience, and conformity are all types of social influence, each describing how individuals adjust their behavior in response to direct or indirect social pressures. Compliance involves changing one's behavior due to the request or direction of another person. Obedience is about following the orders or commands of someone in authority. Conformity refers to adjusting one's behavior or thinking to match those of other people or a group standard.

Question 11

Keiron always asks Kendall for information about her car because she believes that Kendall has informational power. This is because:

Accepted Answer

Kendall is perceived by Keiron to have informational power because Keiron believes Kendall possesses more knowledge or information than she does, making Kendall a valuable source of information about her car.

Question 12

A poster of the Brown Eyed Beans adorns Nicky's bedroom wall. Although Nicky's voice is not the best, she does sing their songs, and she wears a jacket modelled on that worn by members of the band. For Nicky, the Brown Eyed Beans are a(n):

Accepted Answer

The Brown Eyed Beans serve as a positive reference group for Nicky, as she looks up to them and models her behavior (singing their songs, wearing a similar jacket) after the group, indicating admiration and a desire to emulate the group's characteristics.

Question 13

While the process of controlling others through domination is referred to as power, the process of mobilising others to attain a common goal is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

Leadership involves guiding, influencing, and mobilizing individuals or groups towards achieving a common goal, distinguishing it from mere power or control.

Question 14

According to Raven (1965), referent power is exerted by someone:

Accepted Answer

Referent power is based on the high regard or respect one commands from others. It's not about expertise, rewards, or decision-making authority, but rather about the personal qualities that make others want to follow or emulate the individual.

Question 15

Stevie only brushes his teeth at night when reminded by his father. Otherwise he hops straight into bed with a book. Stevie's dental hygiene is an example of:

Accepted Answer

Stevie's action of brushing his teeth only when reminded by his father is an example of compliance, as he is adhering to a request or demand from his father rather than following his own preference or internalized norm.

Question 16

Social change can bring about a behavioural change that is only temporary in a specific situation, but there is no real change in attitude. This is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

Compliance refers to a change in behavior that is elicited by direct requests from others, typically in a specific situation, without necessarily a change in private beliefs or attitudes. It is the act of going along with a request or demand, often externally, without necessarily agreeing with it internally.

Question 17

Mindy thinks that Marvin knows more than her and is also more skilled. For her, Marvin holds:

Accepted Answer

Expert power is based on the perception that someone has a high level of knowledge or a specialized set of skills, which is why Mindy thinks Marvin holds this type of power.

Question 18

Groups to which an individual belongs by objective criteria or social consensus are called:

Accepted Answer

Membership groups are those to which an individual belongs based on objective criteria or social consensus.

Question 19

As a result of what we know about Kelly from the previous question, she will _________ to/with student norms but ________ to/with executive-type norms.

Accepted Answer

The answer of As a result of what we know...

Question 20

Public compliance is:

Accepted Answer

Public compliance involves a change in behavior due to the influence of others, often without a corresponding change in private beliefs or attitudes.

Quiz 7: Social Influence