Question 1

With respect to how they function in relationships, an individual with mild mental retardation is most comparable to

Accepted Answer

The answer of With respect to how they function in...

Question 2

William is an autistic child. He is probably

Accepted Answer

Autistic children often exhibit social withdrawal and communication challenges, making them appear relatively withdrawn and uncommunicative.

Question 3

Which of the following would be most distressing to a child with autism?

Accepted Answer

Children with autism often find changes in their environment distressing, as they typically prefer consistency and predictability.

Question 4

When symptoms of mental retardation are not apparent until after age 17,

Accepted Answer

Mental retardation, now referred to as intellectual disability, is typically diagnosed in childhood. If cognitive decline occurs after age 17, it is more likely to be classified as dementia, which involves a decline in mental ability severe enough to interfere with daily life.

Question 5

We are likely to find that most of the children with autistic disorder

Accepted Answer

Autistic disorder is typically identified in children before the age of three, as early developmental delays and atypical behaviors become apparent.

Question 6

The most widely known and studied learning disorder is

Accepted Answer

Dyslexia is the most widely known and studied learning disorder, characterized by difficulties with accurate and/or fluent word recognition and by poor spelling and decoding abilities.

Question 7

Despite what is shown in movies like Rain Man, most autistic children would not cope well being brought to a Las Vegas casino for the first time, because

Accepted Answer

Many autistic individuals have sensory sensitivities, particularly to auditory stimulation, and prefer predictable environments, making a busy and loud casino overwhelming.

Question 8

A learning disability usually is identified

Accepted Answer

A learning disability is typically identified when there is a significant gap between a child's actual academic performance and what is expected based on their age and grade level.

Question 9

By definition, learning disorders

Accepted Answer

Learning disorders are not due to a physical defect.

Question 10

Despite studies such as by Ivar Lovaas, the overall prognosis for children with autism is

Accepted Answer

The overall prognosis for children with autism is generally considered poor because many individuals with autism face significant challenges in communication, social interaction, and behavior that can persist into adulthood, affecting their ability to live independently.

Question 11

Which of the following is a possible explanation for the seeming lack of emotion in autistic children?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is a possible...

Question 12

In autistic children, head banging, spinning in circles, and rocking are behaviors that

Accepted Answer

These behaviors are common forms of self-stimulation, often referred to as "stimming," which help autistic individuals manage sensory input and regulate emotions.

Question 13

Children with are believed to be "mind blind," that is, they cannot take the attitude of or "see" things as others do. They are also deficient at locating and orienting to sounds in their environment.

Accepted Answer

Children with autistic disorder are often described as "mind blind" because they have difficulty understanding and interpreting the thoughts, feelings, and perspectives of others. They may also have challenges with sensory processing, including locating and orienting to sounds.

Question 14

Jenny has an IQ in the average range. However, at school she is doing very badly. She has consistently scored at 2 or more grade levels below the grade she is actually in. From this, a diagnostician would hypothesize that Jenny

Accepted Answer

Jenny's average IQ suggests she has the cognitive ability to perform at grade level, but her consistent underperformance indicates a learning disability, which affects specific areas of learning despite average intelligence.

Question 15

The extremely intensive experimental behavior program designed by Ivar Lovaas for children with autism

Accepted Answer

The Lovaas program, an intensive behavioral intervention, demonstrated significant success, with nearly half of the children achieving normal intellectual functioning, as reported in early studies.

Question 16

An asymmetry in brain development has been hypothesized to be a cause of

Accepted Answer

The answer of An asymmetry in brain development has been...

Question 17

Autism, like schizophrenia, appears to be

Accepted Answer

Autism is considered to be part of a spectrum of disorders that have a genetic component, similar to schizophrenia.

Question 18

Ron works as a custodian's helper at a school, under supervision of the custodian. Ron can read and write his name, and can read first grade books. He moves slowly and sometimes with difficulty. Ron most likely has

Accepted Answer

The answer of Ron works as a custodian's helper at...

Question 19

Drug treatment for autistic disorder has been found to be

Accepted Answer

Drug treatment, particularly with neuroleptics, can be of some value in reducing aggressive behaviors in individuals with autistic disorder, although it is not a cure for autism itself.

Question 20

Autism

Accepted Answer

Autism is considered one of the most strongly genetic disorders, with a significant heritable component, as supported by numerous studies.

Quiz 14: Disorders of Childhood and Adolescence