Question 1

Five children are tested for IQ. For which sets of scores will the median and the mode both be the same?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Five children are tested for IQ. For...

Question 2

If a researcher wishes to establish groups of individuals based on low and high scores on some measure, they may use the ___________ to find the 25th and 75th percentiles of the set of scores to create their groups.

Accepted Answer

The interquartile range is used to find the 25th and 75th percentiles, which can help in establishing groups based on low and high scores.

Question 3

In Sheldon's (1940)research, 7-point ______ scales were used to measure body type and temperament.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In Sheldon's (1940)research, 7-point ______ scales were...

Question 4

Which of the following is true about interval and ratio scales?

Accepted Answer

In a ratio scale, a score of zero indicates the absence of the phenomenon being measured, which is not the case for interval scales. Both interval and ratio scales have equal intervals.

Question 5

Normally, which of the following outcomes is most desired by the researcher?

Accepted Answer

Rejecting the null hypothesis when it is false is the most desired outcome because it means that the researcher has found evidence to support their hypothesis.

Question 6

When is the median a better measure of central tendency than the mean?

Accepted Answer

The median is a better measure of central tendency when there are outliers or skewed data, as it is not affected by extreme values, unlike the mean.

Question 7

Consider the experiment on multiple choice answer changing. What measurement scale was used in reporting the results of this study?

Accepted Answer

The study used a nominal measurement scale because the data was categorical and not numerical.

Question 8

A graph in which each vertical bar corresponds to the frequency of some score is called a

Accepted Answer

A histogram is a type of bar graph that represents the frequency distribution of a set of data, with each vertical bar representing the frequency of a particular score or range of scores.

Question 9

All of the following are measures of central tendency except

Accepted Answer

Range is a measure of dispersion, not central tendency.

Question 10

Knowing the standard deviation of a set of scores, it is possible to calculate

Accepted Answer

The variance is the square of the standard deviation, so knowing the standard deviation allows you to calculate the variance.

Question 11

Five children are tested for IQ and their scores are: 110, 160, 100, 100, 110. What is the best way to describe the central tendency of these scores?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Five children are tested for IQ and...

Question 12

Descriptive statistics

Accepted Answer

Descriptive statistics are used to summarize or describe the main features of a dataset, providing simple summaries about the sample and the measures. They do not determine the significance of results, which is the role of inferential statistics.

Question 13

All of the following are examples of ratio scale measures except

Accepted Answer

Grade Point Average (GPA) is an example of an interval scale, not a ratio scale, because it does not have a true zero point.

Question 14

When summarizing data, why is it important to report both the mean and the standard deviation?

Accepted Answer

The mean provides a measure of central tendency, while the standard deviation provides information about the variability or spread of the data. Two datasets can have the same mean but differ in how spread out the data points are, which is captured by the standard deviation.

Question 15

Psychologists generally assume that most personality and IQ tests use a(n)_____ scale.

Accepted Answer

Most personality and IQ tests use an interval scale, which allows for the measurement of differences between scores but does not have a true zero point.

Question 16

In the study by Korn, Davis, and Davis (1991), it was determined that department chairs rated B. F. Skinner higher on their "all time" list than historians did. The study featured a(n)_______ scale of measurement.

Accepted Answer

The study involved ranking B. F. Skinner on an "all time" list, which implies an ordinal scale of measurement, as it involves ordering or ranking individuals based on a certain criterion.

Question 17

What is the relationship between a frequency distribution (FD)and a normal distribution (ND)?

Accepted Answer

A frequency distribution is a representation of actual data, showing how often each value occurs, while a normal distribution is a theoretical model that describes how data is expected to be distributed in a bell-shaped curve under certain conditions.

Question 18

The main difference between an interval and a ratio scale is that an interval scale

Accepted Answer

An interval scale does not have a true zero point, meaning that zero does not indicate the absence of the quantity being measured, unlike a ratio scale which has a true zero point.

Question 19

Descriptive statistic is to inferential statistic as _________ is to ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Descriptive statistic is to inferential statistic as...

Question 20

In a normal distribution, what (approximate)percentage of scores likely fall within one standard deviation of the mean?

Accepted Answer

Approximately 68% of scores in a normal distribution fall within one standard deviation of the mean.

Quiz 4: Sampling, Measurement, and Hypothesis Testing