Question 1

Learning to speak or sing may not only make easier to communicate but serve:
A) to increase one's ability to "fit in."
B) participate in social activities.
C) increase opportunities for learning.
D) All of the answers are correct.

Accepted Answer

Learning to speak or sing can help with communication, which can increase one's ability to "fit in" socially and participate in social activities. It can also open up opportunities for learning, such as in language classes or music lessons. Therefore, all of the answers are correct.

Question 2

What do commercials promote by portraying attractive people having fun drinking a particular brand?
A) observational learning
B) behavior processes
C) social conformity
D) social learning

Accepted Answer

The answer of What do commercials promote by portraying attractive...

Question 3

Correlational studies generally look for associations between familiarity with the content of commercials and drinking behavior. Such studies have shown that:
A) this product placement is conditioning disguised as entertainment.
B) greater exposure to alcohol advertising is correlated to a higher likeliness of drinking in young adults.
C) it introduces young adults to the dangers of alcohol and promotes a deters behavior.
D) if properly timed, advertisements serve to promote a positive behavior in young adults that is passed on with social situations.

Accepted Answer

Correlational studies have consistently shown that greater exposure to alcohol advertising is associated with higher levels of alcohol consumption among young adults. It is important to note that correlation does not necessarily imply causation, and other factors may also be at play in this relationship.

Question 4

A model of learning that consists of three basic phases that are song memorization, song practice, and song utilization is known as:
A) social learning.
B) template model.
C) social transition.
D) classical conditioning.

Accepted Answer

The given model of learning is known as the template model, which consists of three basic phases - song memorization, song practice, and song utilization. Therefore, option B is the correct answer. The other options, such as social learning, social transition, and classical conditioning, do not relate to the specific model of learning being referred to in the question.

Question 5

Imagine that one is attending a very fancy dinner for the first time. One learns which utensils to use for each course of the meal by watching which utensils the other guests use. This demonstrates:
A) observational conditioning.
B) stimulus enhancement.
C) social transmission of information.
D) emotional contagion.

Accepted Answer

Social transmission of information refers to learning from others in one's social group, and in this scenario, the individual is learning from the other guests which utensils to use for each course of the meal. The other answer choices are not relevant to this scenario; observational conditioning involves learning through observing consequences, stimulus enhancement involves focusing on a certain object or area due to its attraction to others, and emotional contagion is the spread of emotions from one person to another in a social group.

Question 6

Studies of social transmission of food preferences in rats have shown that:
A) rats are more likely to eat a novel food if they smell the food on another rat's breath after observing the other rat eating the food.
B) a novel food can become a preferred food if a rat observes another rat eating the food, even if the observer rat never smells the food.
C) food preferences that are learned through observation are not passed down to subsequent generations.
D) rats can learn to eat, but not to avoid, novel foods by observing another rat eating the food.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Studies of social transmission of food preferences...

Question 7

John's friends don't smoke, but many of John's favorite movie stars do smoke. John has decided to take up smoking. His behavior demonstrates that people are more likely to copy models:
A) who are similar to themselves.
B) whom they admire.
C) when the outcome is desirable.
D) when they have stored a memory of the model performing the behavior.

Accepted Answer

John's decision to take up smoking is based on his admiration for movie stars who smoke, indicating that he is more likely to copy models whom he admires.

Question 8

Watching the TV show Teletubbies is MOST likely to lead to imitation by child viewers if the:
A) environment in which the Teletubbies live is simple and colorful.
B) Teletubbies occasionally behave aggressively rather than cooperatively.
C) Teletubbies speak using a normal adult voice.
D) children perceive the Teletubbies as being similar to themselves.

Accepted Answer

According to social learning theory, individuals are more likely to imitate behavior if they perceive the model as similar to themselves. Therefore, if children perceive the Teletubbies as similar to themselves, they may be more likely to imitate their behavior. The other options may not necessarily increase imitation behavior, as a simple and colorful environment or normal adult voices may not necessarily affect imitation behavior, and aggressive behavior may actually decrease the likelihood of imitation due to potential negative consequences.

Question 9

The process in which an observer learns something new through experiences with others is called:
A) observational conditioning.
B) stimulus enhancement.
C) social transmission of information.
D) emotional contagion.

Accepted Answer

The process described here, in which an observer learns something new through experiences with others, is called social transmission of information. This can occur through various means, such as social learning or cultural transmission. Observation and imitation of another's behavior are common ways in which social transmission of information occurs. Therefore, option C is the correct answer. Option A, observational conditioning, is a term used in classical conditioning to describe learning that occurs through observation of a model's behavior. Option B, stimulus enhancement, refers to a type of learning in which an individual learns to attend to a particular stimulus because they observe others doing so. Option D, emotional contagion, is a process in which emotions are transferred from one individual to another through social interaction.

Question 10

Which statement is TRUE regarding violent entertainment and aggressive behavior?
A) The rate of homicides increased after TV was introduced, even in countries where TV was banned.
B) Level of arousal does not seem to play a role in the likelihood of a person behaving aggressively.
C) Children who play violent video games behave more aggressively than children who play nonviolent video games.
D) Children who watch the same violent TV show multiple times are more likely to behave aggressively than children who watch that same show only once.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that children who play violent video games are more likely to behave aggressively than children who play nonviolent video games. This may be because playing these games can desensitize children to violent behavior and make it seem more acceptable. However, it should be noted that this is just one factor that can influence aggressive behavior, and many other factors (such as family relationships and mental health) may also play a role.

Question 11

According to modern social-learning theory, in order for a teenage boy to learn to do his homework, he must:
A) observe someone else being rewarded for doing homework.
B) observe someone else being rewarded for doing homework and be rewarded himself for imitating that behavior.
C) be rewarded for doing his homework without having observed anyone else doing homework.
D) observe someone else being rewarded for doing homework, be rewarded himself for imitating that behavior, and be able to take the perspective of the person he observed doing homework.

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to modern social-learning theory, in order...

Question 12

The tendency to adopt the behavior of the group is known as:
A) observational conditioning.
B) social conformity.
C) emulation.
D) perspective taking.

Accepted Answer

Social conformity refers to the tendency to align one's attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors with those of the group or social norms in order to fit in or be accepted. Observational conditioning refers to learning by observing others, emulation refers to imitating someone or something admired or envied, and perspective taking refers to the ability to perceive a situation from someone else's point of view. While all of these concepts may be related to group behavior, social conformity best describes the tendency to adopt the behavior of the group.

Question 13

Research suggests that viewing violence on TV:
A) can increase the likelihood that a child will behave aggressively immediately after watching it.
B) can lead to positive outcomes when people imitate nonviolent "heroes" in otherwise violent TV shows.
C) is much more likely to lead to aggression than is reading about violence or seeing violence in a play.
D) can decrease a person's arousal level such that the person behaves less aggressively.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that viewing violence on TV can lead to immediate increases in aggression in children. Children who watch violent TV shows are more likely to engage in physical aggression, such as hitting or pushing, immediately after watching. However, it is important to note that the link between TV violence and aggression is not necessarily causal and other factors, such as a lack of parental supervision or monitoring, may be contributing to the relationship.

Question 14

The emotional excitement associated with annual events such as the Super Bowl can amplify memories during exposure to advertisements. This suggests that alcoholic preferences of football fans are likely to be a result of:
A) conditioning disguised as entertainment.
B) social understanding of the product.
C) visual expectations.
D) emulation.

Accepted Answer

The emotional excitement associated with annual events such as the Super Bowl can create a heightened state of arousal that enhances the process of classical conditioning, where an advertisement for alcohol is repeatedly paired with the positive emotions of the event. As a result, fans may develop a preference for that particular brand of alcohol without even realizing it. Therefore, alcoholic preferences of football fans are likely a result of conditioning disguised as entertainment.

Question 15

The repeated pairing of an image and the name of a specific company with individuals celebrating and drinking may lead to what type of conditioning?
A) observational
B) classical
C) operant
D) visual

Accepted Answer

The answer of The repeated pairing of an image and...

Question 16

If one wanted to encourage 8-year-old Tina to read, who would be the BEST person to serve as a model?
A) another 8-year-old girl
B) an 8-year-old boy
C) a teenage girl
D) a teenage boy

Accepted Answer

Another 8-year-old girl would be the best model for Tina because children are more likely to imitate and be influenced by peers of the same age and gender, as they can more easily relate to them.

Question 17

When Matthew first arrived at China, he found it very difficult to adapt. Fifteen years later, his family is coming to see him and they are having a hard time recognizing him. He has not only learned the language, but also adapted his attire and personality to his new home. This is an example of:
A) emulation.
B) true imitation.
C) observational learning.
D) social conformity.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When Matthew first arrived at China, he...

Question 18

Which scenario is an example of social conformity?
A) Everyone in the class raises their hand to answer the question.
B) John wasn't sure what spoon to use at the table so he looked around.
C) After attending a few meetings, John dresses like everyone in the group.
D) Everyone at the ceremony knew the Pledge of Allegiance.

Accepted Answer

Social conformity refers to a change in behavior, attitude, or beliefs in order to fit in with a group. In this scenario, John is changing the way he dresses to fit in with the rest of the group, which is an example of social conformity. The other scenarios (A, B, and D) do not necessarily involve a change in behavior, attitude, or beliefs in order to fit in with a group.

Question 19

The only mammals other than humans that can learn to sing a song by hearing it are:
A) chimpanzees.
B) dolphins.
C) gorillas.
D) whales.

Accepted Answer

Whales are the only mammals other than humans known to learn and mimic songs by hearing them. This ability is most commonly observed in humpback whales, who sing complex songs during mating season that can last up to 20 minutes.

Question 20

If one is waiting to purchase an item from the vending machine and the person in front loses some money and one decides not to risk losing one's money and use another machine, this is known as social:
A) discrimination.
B) transmission.
C) learning.
D) conformity.

Accepted Answer

The answer of If one is waiting to purchase an...

Quiz 11: Social Learning and Memory:

Learning to speak or sing may not only make easier to communicate but serve:

What do commercials promote by portraying attractive people having fun drinking a particular brand?

Correlational studies generally look for associations between familiarity with the content of commercials and drinking behavior. Such studies have shown that:

A model of learning that consists of three basic phases that are song memorization, song practice, and song utilization is known as:

Imagine that one is attending a very fancy dinner for the first time. One learns which utensils to use for each course of the meal by watching which utensils the other guests use. This demonstrates:

Studies of social transmission of food preferences in rats have shown that:

John's friends don't smoke, but many of John's favorite movie stars do smoke. John has decided to take up smoking. His behavior demonstrates that people are more likely to copy models:

Watching the TV show Teletubbies is MOST likely to lead to imitation by child viewers if the:

The process in which an observer learns something new through experiences with others is called:

Which statement is TRUE regarding violent entertainment and aggressive behavior?

According to modern social-learning theory, in order for a teenage boy to learn to do his homework, he must:

The tendency to adopt the behavior of the group is known as:

Research suggests that viewing violence on TV:

The emotional excitement associated with annual events such as the Super Bowl can amplify memories during exposure to advertisements. This suggests that alcoholic preferences of football fans are likely to be a result of:

The repeated pairing of an image and the name of a specific company with individuals celebrating and drinking may lead to what type of conditioning?

If one wanted to encourage 8-year-old Tina to read, who would be the BEST person to serve as a model?

When Matthew first arrived at China, he found it very difficult to adapt. Fifteen years later, his family is coming to see him and they are having a hard time recognizing him. He has not only learned the language, but also adapted his attire and personality to his new home. This is an example of:

Which scenario is an example of social conformity?

The only mammals other than humans that can learn to sing a song by hearing it are:

If one is waiting to purchase an item from the vending machine and the person in front loses some money and one decides not to risk losing one's money and use another machine, this is known as social: