Question 1

Fielding's The History of Tom Jones is a
A) sentimental domestic drama.
B) robust comedy and adventure tale.
C) tragic situation brought on by fate.
D) legendary tale of a famous highwayman.

Accepted Answer

The History of Tom Jones is a robust comedy and adventure tale, filled with humorous and exciting incidents as the titular character navigates his life and loves. While there are certainly moments of drama, sentimentality, and even tragedy, the overall tone and structure of the novel is that of a lighthearted and entertaining romp. It is not a tragic situation brought on by fate or a legendary tale of a famous highwayman.

Question 2

Of which painting style was Jacques-Louis David the primary exponent?
A) romanticism
B) rococo
C) neoclassicism
D) orphism

Accepted Answer

Jacques-Louis David was the primary exponent of neoclassicism, a movement that emphasized classical antiquity and reason over emotion and sensory experience.

Question 3

Montesquieu's most enduring idea in The Spirit of the Laws is that
A) governments should be based on the consent of the governed.
B) governments are created to protect property.
C) a separation of powers prevents governments from becoming tyrannical.
D) natural rights are inalienable.

Accepted Answer

Montesquieu's most enduring idea in The Spirit of the Laws is the separation of powers. He believed that dividing power among different branches of government (legislative, executive, and judicial) would prevent one group from becoming too powerful and potentially tyrannical. This idea heavily influenced the drafting of the U.S. Constitution, which incorporated a separation of powers into its framework.

Question 4

Rousseau's philosophy differed from that of Locke by asserting that
A) the state cannot give its citizens basic civil rights or a moral purpose.
B) human beings are born free and equal in nature.
C) the people are represented by the state through a legislature or parliament.
D) the people themselves collectively personify the state through the general will.

Accepted Answer

Rousseau believed that the state should represent the common good, or the general will of the people, rather than just protecting individual rights. He argued that individuals should combine their wills to form a community and that the community, in turn, would create the state. Therefore, the people themselves collectively personify the state through the general will. This is in contrast to Locke's belief that individuals have natural rights that must be protected by a government that is limited in its powers.

Question 5

Voltaire's chief aim in Candide was to satirize the
A) philosophy of optimism.
B) institution of monarchy.
C) practice of arranged marriages.
D) legal system of France.

Accepted Answer

Throughout Candide, Voltaire satirizes the philosophy of optimism, which holds that everything in the world happens for the best and is part of a greater plan determined by a benevolent deity. Voltaire uses Candide's experiences and hardships to show the flaws in this philosophy and its inability to account for the evil and suffering in the world.

Question 6

Who of the following, considered an "enlightened despot", was a pragmatic diplomat, a skilled military tactician, and a student of the Enlightenment and French culture who ruled Prussia and converted it into a leading European power?
A) Queen Anne
B) George III
C) Louis XV
D) Frederick II

Accepted Answer

The description fits Frederick II, also known as Frederick the Great, who ruled Prussia during the 18th century and implemented several Enlightenment ideas in his policies. He was also successful in expanding Prussia's territory through military campaigns.

Question 7

Neoclassical architecture relied on the ideals of
A) grandiosity and monumentality.
B) architectural detail and Roman forms.
C) abstraction and nonrepresentation.
D) airiness and lightness.

Accepted Answer

Neoclassical architecture was heavily influenced by Roman architectural forms and focused on incorporating precise architectural details. Grandiosity and monumentality were also important aspects, but not the primary ideals. Abstraction and nonrepresentation were more characteristic of modernist architecture, while airiness and lightness were more common in the later Art Nouveau and Art Deco styles.

Question 8

Which of the following is a composition for orchestra?
A) concerto
B) symphony
C) sonata
D) None of these answers is correct.

Accepted Answer

A symphony is a composition written for an orchestra. A concerto is a composition that features a soloist accompanied by an orchestra, and a sonata is written for a solo instrument or a small group of instruments.

Question 9

The music of Couperin is a perfect counterpart to the
A) paintings of David.
B) poems of Alexander Pope.
C) art of Watteau.
D) architecture of Robert Adam.

Accepted Answer

Couperin's music is often associated with the art of Watteau due to similarities in style and themes. Both Couperin's music and Watteau's art capture the essence of 18th-century French elegance and refinement.

Question 10

English neoclassical writers and their readers shared which values?
A) lightheartedness and love of luxury
B) formality and courtliness
C) moralism and religiosity
D) free-spiritedness and unconventionality

Accepted Answer

The answer of English neoclassical writers and their readers shared...

Question 11

Which technological innovation is associated with Hogarth's art?
A) He was the pioneer of the lithography process.
B) He was the first artist to run off multiple engravings of his paintings.
C) He was the progenitor of drypoint.
D) He was the originator of prints in newspapers.

Accepted Answer

Hogarth was one of the first artists to use the process of running off multiple engravings of his paintings, which allowed him to sell more copies of his work and reach a wider audience. This is known as "reproductive engraving."

Question 12

Rousseau's democratic ideas reflected his origins as a citizen of the
A) nation-state of England.
B) world.
C) city-state of Geneva.
D) Holy Roman Empire.

Accepted Answer

Rousseau was born and raised in Geneva, a city-state in Switzerland, and his political ideas were shaped by his experiences there. He advocated for a form of direct democracy in which the people were sovereign and had a say in all political decision-making.

Question 13

The perfect instrument for rococo music was the
A) violin.
B) trumpet.
C) harpsichord.
D) organ.

Accepted Answer

The harpsichord was the preferred keyboard instrument during the Rococo era due to its ability to produce light, delicate sounds and precise ornamentation. While the violin was also commonly used, it was primarily for accompanying the voice or other instruments rather than as a solo instrument. The trumpet and organ were not as prominent in Rococo music.

Question 14

Which author wrote novels that were sentimental domestic dramas?
A) Henry Fielding
B) Alexander Pope
C) Edward Gibbon
D) Samuel Richardson

Accepted Answer

Samuel Richardson is known for his sentimental domestic dramas, particularly his novels Pamela and Clarissa.

Question 15

What new literary form was developed in the Age of Reason?
A) the novel
B) the epic
C) the sonnet
D) the philosophic dialogue

Accepted Answer

The novel emerged as a new literary form during the Age of Reason, reflecting the period's emphasis on individualism and realistic portrayals of everyday life.

Question 16

Which of the following musicians composed the Surprise Symphony?
A) Franz Joseph Haydn
B) Philippe Rameau
C) Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
D) François Couperin

Accepted Answer

The Surprise Symphony was composed by Franz Joseph Haydn.

Question 17

Which writer's intensely personal autobiography foreshadowed romanticism?
A) Montesquieu
B) Diderot
C) Voltaire
D) Rousseau

Accepted Answer

Rousseau's autobiography, "Confessions," is known for its deeply personal and emotional style, as well as its focus on individual experience and subjective truth. These elements are often associated with the Romantic literary movement that emerged later in the 18th century.

Question 18

Eighteenth-century novelists generally wrote about
A) famous historical events.
B) legends or fables.
C) ordinary people.
D) glamorous personages.

Accepted Answer

Eighteenth-century novelists were interested in exploring the lives of individuals and the society they lived in. They wrote about ordinary people and their struggles, hopes, and aspirations. Novels like Robinson Crusoe, Pamela, and Tom Jones are great examples of this trend.

Question 19

A splendid example of a rococo interior is the
A) Library of Kenwood House, London.
B) Salon de la Princesse in the Hôtel de Soubise, Paris.
C) Hall of Mirrors in the palace at Versailles.
D) auditorium of the Pantheon, Paris.

Accepted Answer

The Salon de la Princesse in the Hôtel de Soubise, Paris is a prime example of a rococo interior, with its ornate decorations, pastel colors, and asymmetrical design. The other options, such as the Library of Kenwood House and the Hall of Mirrors, feature Baroque or neoclassical styles instead. The auditorium of the Pantheon is a neoclassical interior as well.

Question 20

Neoclassicism was characterized by
A) frivolous subjects.
B) a focus on anatomy and life drawings.
C) weightless floating images.
D) an undercurrent of eroticism.

Accepted Answer

Neoclassicism art emphasized a focus on anatomy and life drawings, highlighting classical Greek and Roman art. Frivolous subjects, weightless floating images, and an undercurrent of eroticism were not typical of the Neoclassical style.

Quiz 17: The Age of Reason

Fielding's The History of Tom Jones is a

Of which painting style was Jacques-Louis David the primary exponent?

Montesquieu's most enduring idea in The Spirit of the Laws is that

Rousseau's philosophy differed from that of Locke by asserting that

Voltaire's chief aim in Candide was to satirize the

Who of the following, considered an "enlightened despot", was a pragmatic diplomat, a skilled military tactician, and a student of the Enlightenment and French culture who ruled Prussia and converted it into a leading European power?

Neoclassical architecture relied on the ideals of

Which of the following is a composition for orchestra?

The music of Couperin is a perfect counterpart to the

English neoclassical writers and their readers shared which values?

Which technological innovation is associated with Hogarth's art?

Rousseau's democratic ideas reflected his origins as a citizen of the

The perfect instrument for rococo music was the

Which author wrote novels that were sentimental domestic dramas?

What new literary form was developed in the Age of Reason?

Which of the following musicians composed the Surprise Symphony?

Which writer's intensely personal autobiography foreshadowed romanticism?

Eighteenth-century novelists generally wrote about

A splendid example of a rococo interior is the

Neoclassicism was characterized by