Question 1

The Spanish "secret weapon" in the conquest of the Aztecs and Incas was __________.
A) virgin soil epidemics
B) steel swords
C) war dogs
D) horses

Accepted Answer

Virgin soil epidemics, diseases to which the indigenous populations had no immunity, significantly weakened the Aztecs and Incas, facilitating Spanish conquest.

Question 2

Which of these explains most of the decline in the Indian population living in the Americas?
A) warfare
B) declining birthrate
C) famine
D) new diseases

Accepted Answer

The most significant factor in the decline of the Indigenous populations in the Americas after European contact was the introduction of new diseases to which the native populations had no immunity. Diseases such as smallpox, measles, and influenza devastated Indigenous communities, leading to massive population declines.

Question 3

The multiracial Spanish colonial society is best described as a frontier of __________.
A) inclusion
B) exclusion
C) equal opportunity
D) dispersion

Accepted Answer

The Spanish colonial society was characterized by inclusion, as it integrated various racial and ethnic groups, including Europeans, Native Americans, and Africans, into its social and economic systems, albeit in a hierarchical manner.

Question 4

An important consequence of Coronado's expedition was that __________.
A) Spain established agricultural settlements in the Southwest
B) Spanish cattle herders settled in Colorado
C) Spain lost interest in settling the Southwest for 50 years
D) poor Spanish peasants were encouraged to settle in the Southwest

Accepted Answer

Coronado's expedition, which failed to find the wealthy cities it sought, led to a diminished interest from Spain in further exploration and settlement of the Southwest for a period. This lack of immediate wealth and the hardships encountered discouraged immediate further efforts in the region.

Question 5

Chief Wingina saw the early Roanoke colonists as __________.
A) potential allies to increase his power
B) certain military enemies
C) protectors of the Grand Banks from Iroquois raids
D) useful trading partners

Accepted Answer

Chief Wingina initially saw the Roanoke colonists as potential allies who could help him increase his power and influence over rival tribes.

Question 6

The dominant people in the Mexican highlands in 1519 were the __________.
A) Mayan
B) Pueblo
C) Inca
D) Aztec

Accepted Answer

The dominant people in the Mexican highlands in 1519 were the Aztecs. They had established a powerful empire centered around their capital, Tenochtitlán, which is the site of modern-day Mexico City.

Question 7

The first European nation to send voyages of exploration down the coast of Africa was __________.
A) Spain
B) England
C) France
D) Portugal

Accepted Answer

Portugal was the first European nation to initiate voyages of exploration along the African coast, starting in the early 15th century under the leadership of Prince Henry the Navigator. This effort was part of the broader Age of Discovery, aiming to find new trade routes and expand Portuguese influence.

Question 8

The encounter between English colonists and Native Americans at Roanoke suggests that the English and natives __________.
A) easily understood each other's viewpoints
B) had very different concepts of community
C) shared ideas about property and possessions
D) were completely unable to communicate with each other

Accepted Answer

The encounter at Roanoke highlighted the significant cultural differences between English colonists and Native Americans, particularly in their concepts of community, land ownership, and social organization, indicating that they had very different worldviews.

Question 9

The Protestant Reformation was initially sparked by __________.
A) Martin Luther
B) John Knox
C) John Calvin
D) Henry VIII

Accepted Answer

Martin Luther is credited with initiating the Protestant Reformation in 1517 when he published his Ninety-five Theses, challenging the practices of the Roman Catholic Church.

Question 10

St. Augustine and Fort Caroline represent a collision of which two forces in Florida?
A) Spanish and Timucuan
B) French and Spanish
C) English and Spanish
D) French and Timucuan

Accepted Answer

St. Augustine and Fort Caroline represent the collision between French and Spanish forces in Florida. St. Augustine was founded by the Spanish to remove the French from Fort Caroline and assert Spanish control over the region.

Question 11

Many new technologies and most of Europe's trade with Asia in the late Middle Ages came to Europe through __________.
A) Italian trading cities such as Venice and Genoa
B) long-distance sea voyages by English merchants
C) African middlemen
D) Chinese merchants sailing across the Indian Ocean

Accepted Answer

Italian trading cities like Venice and Genoa were crucial hubs for the transfer of goods, technologies, and cultural exchanges between Europe and Asia during the late Middle Ages. They played a key role in the Silk Road trade and were instrumental in bringing Asian goods and innovations to Europe.

Question 12

Between 1500 and 1600, what was the most valuable American export to Europe?
A) sugar
B) tobacco
C) silver
D) spices

Accepted Answer

Silver was the most valuable American export to Europe between 1500 and 1600, primarily due to the vast amounts of silver mined in the Spanish colonies in the Americas, especially in areas like Potosí.

Question 13

The Spanish monopoly of the New World was broken with __________.
A) Vasco da Gama's voyages
B) the French successfully seizing Louisiana in 1564
C) the French defeat of the Spanish at St. Augustine in 1607
D) the English defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588

Accepted Answer

The English defeat of the Spanish Armada in 1588 marked a significant turning point, weakening Spain's naval dominance and opening the New World to other European powers. This event effectively broke the Spanish monopoly over the Americas, allowing countries like England and France to establish their own colonies.

Question 14

England's first ventures into the New World were motivated by rivalry with and fear of __________.
A) France
B) Portugal
C) Spain
D) Holland

Accepted Answer

England's initial ventures into the New World were largely driven by a desire to compete with and counter the influence of Spain, which was a dominant colonial power at the time. Spain's wealth from its American colonies spurred England to establish its own presence in the Americas.

Question 15

Beginning with the entrance of French fishermen into the North Atlantic, relationships among the French and the Indians were based on __________.
A) trade
B) missionary work
C) common culture
D) hostility

Accepted Answer

The relationships between the French and the Indians in the North Atlantic were primarily based on trade, especially in furs, which was a cornerstone of French colonial efforts in North America.

Question 16

What led to the invasion by the Spanish of Puerto Rico, Jamaica, and Cuba?
A) overpopulation in earlier settlements
B) rumors that those islands had spice plantations
C) the depletion of gold on Hispaniola
D) the desire to find more Indians to convert

Accepted Answer

The depletion of gold on Hispaniola was a significant factor that led the Spanish to invade Puerto Rico, Jamaica, and Cuba, as they were in search of new resources following the exhaustion of gold reserves on Hispaniola.

Question 17

Columbus's claims about what he would reach by sailing west across the Atlantic __________.
A) were almost completely wrong
B) proved mainly correct
C) were widely accepted by royal advisors across Europe
D) were based on previous Spanish and English western voyages

Accepted Answer

Columbus's claims about reaching Asia by sailing west were almost completely wrong. He underestimated the Earth's circumference and did not know about the existence of the Americas, which he encountered instead of reaching Asia as he had intended.

Question 18

The Reconquista was a struggle between Spanish Christians and __________.
A) Spanish Muslims
B) Spanish Jews
C) English invaders
D) Spanish Africans

Accepted Answer

The Reconquista was a period of history in the Iberian Peninsula (what is now Spain and Portugal) where Christian kingdoms fought to reclaim territory from Muslim Moors who had invaded and established control in the region starting in the 8th century.

Question 19

The spread of deadly diseases between Europe and the Americas followed which pattern?
A) Spain to the Caribbean to Mexico to the Andes
B) Mexico to the Andes to the Caribbean to Spain
C) Spain to the Andes
D) Spain to Mexico via the Andes

Accepted Answer

The spread of deadly diseases, such as smallpox, followed the pattern of Spain to the Caribbean to Mexico to the Andes, largely due to the Spanish conquest and colonization routes. Diseases were first introduced to the Caribbean islands by the Spanish, then spread to the mainland, affecting the Aztec and Inca empires.

Question 20

John White and Thomas Harriot believed that an English colony in Virginia should be based on __________.
A) ruthless military conquest
B) enslavement of the Indians
C) mutual understanding and cooperation
D) wiping out the Indians to create living space for Europeans

Accepted Answer

John White and Thomas Harriot, figures associated with the early English attempts to colonize Virginia, advocated for a more peaceful approach to colonization that emphasized mutual understanding and cooperation with the Indigenous peoples, rather than conquest or enslavement.

Quiz 2: When Worlds Collide

The Spanish "secret weapon" in the conquest of the Aztecs and Incas was __________.

Which of these explains most of the decline in the Indian population living in the Americas?

The multiracial Spanish colonial society is best described as a frontier of __________.

An important consequence of Coronado's expedition was that __________.

Chief Wingina saw the early Roanoke colonists as __________.

The dominant people in the Mexican highlands in 1519 were the __________.

The first European nation to send voyages of exploration down the coast of Africa was __________.

The encounter between English colonists and Native Americans at Roanoke suggests that the English and natives __________.

The Protestant Reformation was initially sparked by __________.

St. Augustine and Fort Caroline represent a collision of which two forces in Florida?

Many new technologies and most of Europe's trade with Asia in the late Middle Ages came to Europe through __________.

Between 1500 and 1600, what was the most valuable American export to Europe?

The Spanish monopoly of the New World was broken with __________.

England's first ventures into the New World were motivated by rivalry with and fear of __________.

Beginning with the entrance of French fishermen into the North Atlantic, relationships among the French and the Indians were based on __________.

What led to the invasion by the Spanish of Puerto Rico, Jamaica, and Cuba?

Columbus's claims about what he would reach by sailing west across the Atlantic __________.

The Reconquista was a struggle between Spanish Christians and __________.

The spread of deadly diseases between Europe and the Americas followed which pattern?

John White and Thomas Harriot believed that an English colony in Virginia should be based on __________.