Question 1

Many of the seeds for what would become sociology were first planted with
A)the American Revolution
B)the French Revolution
C)the Enlightenment
D)the Fall of Rome

Accepted Answer

The Enlightenment, an intellectual movement in Europe during the 18th century, laid the foundation for sociology by questioning traditional views and championing reason, science, and progress. Enlightenment thinkers such as Auguste Comte, Emile Durkheim, and Max Weber would go on to develop the key ideas and concepts of sociology as a distinct field of study.

Question 2

Which of the following is true of sociological theories?
A)They are centered upon participant observation.
B)They tend to be more evaluative and critical.
C)They tend to rely purely on statistics.
D)They tend to rely on ethnographies only.

Accepted Answer

Sociological theories tend to be evaluative and critical, analyzing societal structures and systems in order to better understand them. While participant observation and ethnographies may be used in sociological research, they are not the central focus of theories. Statistics may also be used, but are not relied upon purely.

Question 3

Social facts are true because:
A)they can be proven so
B)rational thinking is key
C)we interpret them using pre-existing categories and assumptions
D)they are pre-determined

Accepted Answer

Social facts are true because we interpret them using pre-existing categories and assumptions. They are not pre-determined or able to be proven through rational thinking alone. The social world is complex and multi-faceted, and social facts are constructed through shared understandings and meanings within a given society or culture.

Question 4

According to the authors' metatheoretical actors seen as relatively free to reproduce the patterns and routines of social life is categorized as
A)Rational
B)Collective
C)Nonrational
D)Individual

Accepted Answer

The concept of metatheoretical actors being seen as relatively free to reproduce the patterns and routines of social life aligns with the category of "Individual." This perspective emphasizes the autonomy and agency of individuals in shaping their social environments and practices.

Question 5

Which of the following is not true of scientific theories?
A)Theory is a system of generalized statements or propositions about phenomena
B)They explain and predict phenomena in question
C)They produce testable and thus falsifiable hypotheses
D)Theories are known scientifically as dependent variables

Accepted Answer

Theories are not known scientifically as dependent variables. Dependent variables are the variables being measured or observed in an experiment, while theories are explanatory frameworks that are used to understand phenomena.

Question 6

When a student starts thinking and writing about material presented in a secondary reading, she is how many steps removed from the original text?
A)one
B)two
C)three
D)four

Accepted Answer

When a student starts thinking and writing about material presented in a secondary reading, she is one step removed from the original text (reading the original text would be the 0th step). However, if the student is using a third-party source to analyze the secondary reading, then she would be two steps removed from the original text. Therefore, the correct answer is B, as the question does not specify the use of a third-party source.

Question 7

Which concept asks what accounts for the patterns or predictability of behavior that lead us to experience social life as routine?
A)rational
B)order
C)nonrational
D)action

Accepted Answer

The concept of order asks what accounts for the patterns or predictability of behavior that lead us to experience social life as routine.

Question 8

The thing to remember about facts is that
A)they are only applicable to hard sciences
B)they are based upon implicit assumptions
C)facts are universally accepted
D)facts are mathematically derived

Accepted Answer

Facts are always based upon implicit assumptions, and these assumptions may vary depending on cultural, social, or historical context. Therefore, while some facts may be universally accepted, others may not be, and their validity can be challenged. Additionally, facts can come from different sources and have different degrees of reliability and accuracy, making it crucial to critically evaluate them before accepting them as truth.

Question 9

Which of the following individuals is not traditionally associated with the ideas of the Enlightenment?
A)Copernicus
B)Newton
C)Rousseau
D)Galileo

Accepted Answer

Copernicus, Newton, and Galileo were all important figures during the Scientific Revolution, which preceded the Enlightenment. Rousseau, on the other hand, was an Enlightenment philosopher who focused on political philosophy and social contract theory.

Question 10

One of the concepts developed during the time of the Enlightenment included
A)verstehen
B)the civil society
C)religious conservatism
D)anomic society

Accepted Answer

The concept of civil society, which emphasizes the importance of a society that is governed by rationality, tolerance and an appreciation for individual freedom, was a key development of the Enlightenment. Verstehen is a sociological concept developed by Max Weber, an important sociologist in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, which emphasizes the need for social scientists to understand the subjective experiences that shape people's lives. Religious conservatism is a term used to describe a worldview that emphasizes the importance of traditional religious values, while an anomic society is one in which there is a lack of social cohesion and a corresponding sense of moral disorientation. These concepts are not directly related to the Enlightenment.

Question 11

According to the authors' metatheoretical framework action guided by norms, values, morals, traditions is considered
A)Rational
B)Collective.
C)Nonrational.
D)Individual.

Accepted Answer

According to the authors' metatheoretical framework, action guided by norms, values, morals, and traditions is considered nonrational because it is not determined solely by individual instrumental rationality or self-interest, but rather by shared cultural and social norms that guide behavior.

Question 12

When a person takes her bearings more from forces outside herself than from internalized forces, we would label this as:
A)individualist
B)rational
C)collectivist
D)nonrational

Accepted Answer

The answer of When a person takes her bearings more...

Question 13

Theory is vital to making sense of social life because
A)it holds assorted observations and facts together
B)you can't do science without it
C)sociological law states you must
D)social life is based solely on theory

Accepted Answer

Theory is important because it helps to connect observations and facts that might otherwise appear unrelated, allowing us to draw overarching conclusions about social life. While theory is necessary for conducting scientific research, it's not required for conducting other types of research, and social life is not solely based on theory.

Question 14

Who was the most instrumental in laying the groundwork for the emerging discipline of sociology?
A)Emile Durkheim
B)Karl Marx
C)Max Weber
D)Auguste Comte

Accepted Answer

The answer of Who was the most instrumental in laying...

Question 15

Which founding father of sociology, in response to the Industrial Revolution, compared modern society to an "iron cage"?
A)Karl Marx
B)Emile Durkheim
C)Auguste Comte
D)Max Weber

Accepted Answer

Max Weber is the founding father of sociology who compared modern society to an "iron cage" in his work "The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism." He argued that the rationalization of society led to the creation of bureaucracies and a loss of individual freedoms, creating a society that was both efficient and oppressive. This concept became central to Weber's understanding of modernity and has had a significant influence on sociological thought.

Question 16

Your authors do not provide which of the following when constructing a framework for the introductory chapter as a means for students to comprehend classical sociological theory?
A)how
B)why
C)when
D)who

Accepted Answer

The answer of Your authors do not provide which of...

Question 17

The perspective that pictures society as an overarching system that works down on individuals and groups to determine the shape of the social order is called:
A)individualist
B)nonrational
C)collectivist
D)rational

Accepted Answer

The perspective that pictures society as an overarching system that works down on individuals and groups to determine the shape of the social order is called collectivist. This perspective emphasizes the importance of understanding how societal structures and norms impact individuals and groups, and how they contribute to the maintenance of social order. It is different from the individualist perspective, which focuses on the agency of individuals and downplays the role of societal structures in shaping social outcomes. The rational/nonrational dimension is not directly relevant to this distinction.

Question 18

The authors' metatheoretical framework is built around the questions of
A)solidarity and isolation
B)order and action
C)power and submission
D)cognition and emotion

Accepted Answer

The answer of The authors' metatheoretical framework is built around...

Question 19

Who coined the term "sociology"?
A)Emile Durkheim
B)Karl Marx
C)Max Weber
D)Auguste Comte

Accepted Answer

Auguste Comte coined the term "sociology" in 1838.

Question 20

What theorist is mentioned when critiques of capitalism are discussed:
A)Auguste Comte
B)Max Weber
C)Emile Durkheim
D)Karl Marx

Accepted Answer

Karl Marx is the theorist who is most commonly associated with critiques of capitalism. He believed that capitalism would inevitably lead to exploitation of the working class and a revolution of the proletariat against the bourgeoisie.

Quiz 1: Introduction

Many of the seeds for what would become sociology were first planted with

Which of the following is true of sociological theories?

Social facts are true because:

According to the authors' metatheoretical actors seen as relatively free to reproduce the patterns and routines of social life is categorized as

Which of the following is not true of scientific theories?

When a student starts thinking and writing about material presented in a secondary reading, she is how many steps removed from the original text?

Which concept asks what accounts for the patterns or predictability of behavior that lead us to experience social life as routine?

The thing to remember about facts is that

Which of the following individuals is not traditionally associated with the ideas of the Enlightenment?

One of the concepts developed during the time of the Enlightenment included

According to the authors' metatheoretical framework action guided by norms, values, morals, traditions is considered

When a person takes her bearings more from forces outside herself than from internalized forces, we would label this as:

Theory is vital to making sense of social life because

Who was the most instrumental in laying the groundwork for the emerging discipline of sociology?

Which founding father of sociology, in response to the Industrial Revolution, compared modern society to an "iron cage"?

Your authors do not provide which of the following when constructing a framework for the introductory chapter as a means for students to comprehend classical sociological theory?

The perspective that pictures society as an overarching system that works down on individuals and groups to determine the shape of the social order is called:

The authors' metatheoretical framework is built around the questions of

Who coined the term "sociology"?

What theorist is mentioned when critiques of capitalism are discussed: