Question 1

What is the name of the ionic compound with the formula Na₃PO₄? A)silver phosphite B)sodium phosphorus oxide C)trisilver tetraphosphate D)trisodium tetraphosphate E)sodium phosphate

Accepted Answer

The compound Na₃PO₄ is named sodium phosphate. It consists of three sodium ions (Na⁺) and one phosphate ion (PO₄³⁻).

Question 2

Which statement about compounds is FALSE?
A)Compounds consist of atoms of two or more different elements that are chemically bonded together.
B)The elements in a compound cannot be separated or recovered by a physical process.
C)Ionic compounds are composed of cations and anions.
D)Covalent compounds are composed of metals and nonmetals.
E)Intermolecular forces are attractive forces between molecules of a compound,and are responsible for the compound?s physical properties.

Accepted Answer

Covalent compounds are primarily composed of nonmetals, not metals and nonmetals. Metals and nonmetals typically form ionic compounds.

Question 3

What are the two principal classes of bonding called?
A)ionic bonding and nuclear bonding
B)covalent bonding and hydrogen bonding
C)hydrogen bonding and ionic bonding
D)polar bonding and ionic bonding
E)ionic bonding and covalent bonding

Accepted Answer

Ionic bonding involves the transfer of electrons from one atom to another, resulting in the formation of ions that are held together by electrostatic forces. Covalent bonding involves the sharing of electrons between atoms, allowing them to achieve a stable electron configuration. These are the two principal types of chemical bonding.

Question 4

What does it mean if an atom is said to have a high electronegativity?
A)The atom requires a large amount of energy to remove an electron from its structure.
B)The atom is highly susceptible to losing a valence electron.
C)The atom has a strong attraction for electrons in a chemical bond.
D)The atom releases a large amount of energy when it gains an electron.
E)The atom has more electrons around it than necessary; the atom has an expanded octet.

Accepted Answer

Electronegativity refers to the ability of an atom to attract electrons towards itself when it is in a chemical bond. High electronegativity means the atom has a strong pull on electrons.

Question 5

Considering the electronegativity values indicated in the table,which covalent bond is the most polar? $\begin{array} { | c | c | c | c | c | c | } 
\hline \mathrm { C } & \mathrm { Cl } & \mathrm { F } & \mathrm { O } & \mathrm { N } & \mathrm { H } \
\hline 2.5 & 3.0 & 4.0 & 3.5 & 3.0 & 2.1 \
\hline
\end{array}$
A)C?H
B)N?O
C)Cl?F
D)H?F
E)F?F

Accepted Answer

The polarity of a covalent bond is determined by the difference in electronegativity between the two atoms forming the bond. The greater the difference, the more polar the bond. Here, the difference between hydrogen (2.1) and fluorine (4.0) is the greatest, making the H−F bond the most polar.

Question 6

In what region on the periodic table are elements with the lowest electronegativity values found?
A)upper right corner
B)bottom right corner
C)upper left corner
D)bottom left corner
E)middle

Accepted Answer

Electronegativity increases as you move from left to right across a period and decreases as you move down a group. Therefore, the elements with the lowest electronegativity values are found in the bottom left corner of the periodic table.

Question 7

Which of the following compounds contains a polyatomic ion? A)NaOH B)HCl C)Ca₃N₂ D)MgBr₂ E)NH₃

Accepted Answer

NaOH contains the polyatomic ion hydroxide (OH-).

Question 8

A covalent bond involves which of the following?
A)sharing of electrons between two atoms
B)transfer of electrons between two atoms
C)donation of protons from one atom to another
D)electrostatic attraction between opposite charges
E)sharing of protons between two atoms

Accepted Answer

Covalent bonds involve the sharing of electron pairs between atoms, allowing each atom to achieve a stable electron configuration in its outer shell.

Question 9

Emergency treatment of cardiac arrest victims sometimes involves injection of a calcium chloride (CaCl₂)solution directly into the heart muscle.Which statement about the compound CaCl₂ is FALSE? A)This compound is an ionic compound. B)The cation in this compound is Ca²⁺. C)The anion in this compound is Cl₂−_. D)There are two chloride ions in this compound. E)The net charge on this compound is zero.

Accepted Answer

The anion in CaCl₂ is Cl⁻, not Cl₂⁻.

Question 10

A molecule of deoxyribose,an essential part of DNA,contains five carbon atoms,ten hydrogen atoms,and four oxygen atoms.How would the formula of deoxyribose be represented? A)5C10H4O B)C5H10O4 C)C₅H₁₀O₄ D)C⁵H¹⁰O⁴ E)All formulas are acceptable.

Accepted Answer

The correct chemical formula for deoxyribose is C₅H₁₀O₄, which is represented in option C using subscript notation.

Question 11

Which statement about chemical bonds is FALSE?
A)The sharing of electrons between two nonmetals results in a covalent bond.
B)The attraction between oppositely charged ions results in an ionic bond.
C)The electrons in covalent bonds may be shared equally or unequally between the atoms.
D)A bond dipole is the separation of charge that results when atoms sharing electrons have different electronegativity values.
E)A nonpolar covalent bond is one in which electrons are not shared equally between the atoms.

Accepted Answer

A nonpolar covalent bond is characterized by the equal sharing of electrons between the atoms, not unequal sharing as stated in option E.

Question 12

What is the formula of the compound sulfur trioxide? A)S₃O B)SO₃ C)S(O₂)₃ D)S₃O₂ E)S₃O^2?

Accepted Answer

Sulfur trioxide is a compound with the formula SO3. It is a colorless gas that is highly reactive and can cause severe burns. Sulfur trioxide is used in the production of sulfuric acid, which is a major industrial chemical.

Question 13

What is the formula of the ionic compound formed when ions of calcium and nitrogen combine? A)CaN B)CaN₂ C)Ca₂N D)Ca₃N₂ E)Ca₂N₃

Accepted Answer

Calcium ions have a charge of +2 (Ca^2+), and nitrogen ions have a charge of -3 (N^3-). To balance the charges, three calcium ions are needed for every two nitrogen ions, resulting in the formula Ca3N2.

Question 14

What is the name of Fe²⁺ in the Stock system? A)iron 2 ion B)iron(II)ion C)ferric(II)ion D)ferrous 2⁺ ion E)iron cation

Accepted Answer

The correct name for Fe^2+ in the Stock system is iron(II) ion. The Roman numeral (II) indicates the oxidation state of the iron, which is +2 in this case.

Question 15

Which combination of atoms is most likely to form an ionic compound if they are allowed to react with each other?
A)metal and metal
B)metal and nonmetal
C)nonmetal and nonmetal
D)metalloid and metalloid
E)All combinations are likely to form an ionic compound.

Accepted Answer

Ionic compounds typically form between metals and nonmetals, where metals tend to lose electrons to become positively charged cations, and nonmetals tend to gain electrons to become negatively charged anions.

Question 16

What is the name of the ion NH₄+_? A)nitrogen tetrahydrate B)nitrogen hydrate C)mononitrogen tetrahydrogen D)ninhydrin E)ammonium

Accepted Answer

The ion with the formula NH4+ is known as the ammonium ion.

Question 17

What is the Lewis symbol of the fluoride ion?
A)

B)

C)

D)

E)

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the Lewis symbol of the...

Question 18

What is the three-dimensional arrangement of positive and negative ions in an ionic solid called?
A)dipole
B)polyatomic structure
C)crystal lattice
D)cubic ionic structure
E)intermolecular ionic forces

Accepted Answer

The three-dimensional arrangement of positive and negative ions in an ionic solid is known as a crystal lattice. This structure is characterized by a repeating pattern that extends in all three spatial dimensions, providing the solid with its shape and strength.

Question 19

What do the dots in a Lewis symbol represent?
A)protons
B)valence electrons
C)innermost (core)electrons
D)the nucleus
E)mass number

Accepted Answer

The dots in a Lewis symbol represent valence electrons, which are the electrons in the outermost shell of an atom that can participate in forming chemical bonds.

Question 20

What kind of bonding exists in substances that consist of discrete molecules?
A)ionic
B)covalent
C)hydrogen bonding
D)intermolecular
E)polar

Accepted Answer

Covalent bonding is the type of bond that exists in substances consisting of discrete molecules, where atoms share electrons to achieve a full outer shell of electrons.

Quiz 3: Structure and Properties of Ionic and Covalent Compounds

What is the name of the ionic compound with the formula Na₃PO₄?

Which statement about compounds is FALSE?

What are the two principal classes of bonding called?

What does it mean if an atom is said to have a high electronegativity?

In what region on the periodic table are elements with the lowest electronegativity values found?

Which of the following compounds contains a polyatomic ion?

A covalent bond involves which of the following?

Emergency treatment of cardiac arrest victims sometimes involves injection of a calcium chloride (CaCl₂) solution directly into the heart muscle.Which statement about the compound CaCl₂ is FALSE?

A molecule of deoxyribose,an essential part of DNA,contains five carbon atoms,ten hydrogen atoms,and four oxygen atoms.How would the formula of deoxyribose be represented?

Which statement about chemical bonds is FALSE?

What is the formula of the compound sulfur trioxide?

What is the formula of the ionic compound formed when ions of calcium and nitrogen combine?

What is the name of Fe²⁺ in the Stock system?

Which combination of atoms is most likely to form an ionic compound if they are allowed to react with each other?

What is the name of the ion NH₄+_?

What is the Lewis symbol of the fluoride ion?

What is the three-dimensional arrangement of positive and negative ions in an ionic solid called?

What do the dots in a Lewis symbol represent?

What kind of bonding exists in substances that consist of discrete molecules?