Question 1

When their _____ through puberty is a determining factor in whether an adolescent experiences their own pubertal maturation as early or late.
A) friends go
B) siblings go
C) grandparents went
D) parents went

Accepted Answer

Adolescents often compare their own development to that of their peers, so when their friends go through puberty can influence whether they perceive their own maturation as early or late.

Question 2

During the adolescent growth spurt, what is the last part(s) of the body to grow?
A) limbs
B) torso
C) ears
D) feet

Accepted Answer

The torso is typically the last part of the body to complete its growth during the adolescent growth spurt.

Question 3

Later high school start times have been associated with _____.
A) more adolescent depression
B) lower grades
C) less student absenteeism
D) decreased college attendance

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that later school start times are associated with less student absenteeism.

Question 4

Which factor has been associated with early maturation among girls?
A) less depression
B) high self-esteem
C) less alcohol use
D) poor body image

Accepted Answer

Poor body image has been associated with early maturation among girls. Girls who mature early may feel self-conscious or uncomfortable about their developing bodies, which can lead to poor body image and negative self-esteem. This can also lead to a heightened risk for developing eating disorders or engaging in risky behaviors such as sexual activity or substance abuse.

Question 5

Research indicates that female children who experienced a great deal of _____ while very young also experienced early puberty.
A) attention
B) stress
C) exercise
D) starvation

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that high levels of stress in early childhood can accelerate puberty in female children. This is because stress accelerates the production of the hormone cortisol, which can trigger puberty. Options A, C, and D are not supported by research as causes of early puberty.

Question 6

The average age of the onset of puberty has changed over time. Assuming that they are typical for their sex and their time period, which of the following individuals was the oldest when he or she started puberty?
A) Lewis, born in 1910
B) Allen, born in 1950
C) Rita, born in 1975
D) Ted, born in 1990

Accepted Answer

The average age of onset of puberty has been decreasing over time, meaning that people who were born earlier tend to have started puberty later. Therefore, Lewis, born in 1910, would have been the oldest when he started puberty.

Question 7

Which hormone affects appetite, energy, and puberty?
A) estrogen
B) cortisol
C) lipid
D) leptin

Accepted Answer

Leptin is a hormone that affects appetite, energy, and puberty. Leptin is produced by fat cells and acts on the hypothalamus to regulate appetite and energy expenditure. It also plays a role in the onset of puberty, as it may influence the timing of puberty by affecting the levels of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) in the brain. Estrogen affects puberty and other processes in the body, but does not directly affect appetite and energy. Cortisol is a stress hormone that affects metabolism and immune function, but does not directly affect puberty. Lipids are a type of fat molecule that can affect hormone function, but they are not a hormone themselves.

Question 8

Which statement about the correlation between body fat and onset of puberty among females is correct?
A) There is no correlation between body fat and the onset of puberty among females.
B) There is a positive correlation between body fat and onset of puberty among females.
C) There is a negative correlation between body fat and the onset of puberty among females.
D) There is a correlation between body fat and the onset of puberty only among female adolescents who are Native American.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that there is a positive correlation between body fat and onset of puberty among females. As body fat increases, so does the likelihood of earlier onset of puberty. This may be due to the fact that body fat produces estrogen, which can trigger puberty.

Question 9

In the twenty-first century, early puberty positively correlates with _____.
A) girls choosing to date younger boys
B) girls entering into early, nurturing relationships
C) aggression and antisocial behavior in boys
D) boys becoming leaders in their schools

Accepted Answer

Research has found that early puberty in boys is associated with higher levels of aggression and antisocial behavior. This could be due to hormonal changes and increased physical size, leading to a sense of power and dominance.

Question 10

While visiting an exhibit on seventeenth-century life, Hannah noticed that the adult clothing and shoes seemed to be quite small. The curator explained that current generations are taller than past generations due to _____.
A) the secular trend
B) obesity
C) genetic predisposition
D) more exercise

Accepted Answer

The secular trend refers to the gradual increase in height that has occurred over generations due to improved living conditions, nutrition, and healthcare.

Question 11

One of the first signs of the growth spurt is _____.
A) lengthening of the torso
B) increased muscle mass
C) growth of arms and legs
D) growth of fingers and toes

Accepted Answer

The answer of One of the first signs of the...

Question 12

Family conflict and stress _____.
A) may contribute to an early onset of puberty
B) may contribute to a late onset of puberty
C) typically increases after the onset of puberty
D) typically decreases after the onset of puberty

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that family conflict and stress may contribute to an early onset of puberty in children.

Question 13

William was an early-maturing boy in the 1930s. William would have been predicted to _____.
A) be aggressive as an adolescent
B) be a school leader as an adolescent
C) use alcohol as an adolescent
D) have an older romantic relationship partner

Accepted Answer

According to research on early-maturing boys in the 1930s, they were more likely to become school leaders and be more confident in social situations. They were not necessarily more likely to be aggressive, use alcohol, or have older romantic partners.

Question 14

Latisha experienced menarche when she was 7 years old. She experienced _____.
A) precocious puberty
B) abnormal hormonal fluctuations
C) preterm menarche
D) excessively high levels of androgens

Accepted Answer

Precocious puberty is the early onset of puberty, which is defined as the development of secondary sexual characteristics before the age of 8 in girls. Menarche, the onset of menstruation, is a secondary sexual characteristic, and experiencing it at the age of 7 is considered precocious puberty.

Question 15

Statistically, which adolescent will experience menarche first?
A) Michelle, who is European American
B) Cecilia, who is Hispanic American
C) Rebecca, who is African American
D) Maria, who is Chinese American

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that African American girls tend to experience menarche earlier than girls from other ethnic groups. Therefore, Rebecca is more likely to experience menarche first compared to the other options given.

Question 16

Ellie is 10 years old and well into puberty. She will probably experience _____.
A) welcome attention from boys her age
B) pride that she is ahead of her friends
C) teasing from boys her age
D) a better body image than her peers

Accepted Answer

It is common for preteens and teens to experience teasing or unwanted attention during puberty, particularly from members of the opposite sex. While some girls may develop a positive body image during this time, it is not guaranteed and can vary greatly from person to person. There is also no need for Ellie to compare herself to her peers, as everyone develops at their own pace.

Question 17

About two-thirds of the variation in age of puberty is determined by _____.
A) environment
B) genes
C) parenting
D) diet

Accepted Answer

Two-thirds of the variation in age of puberty is determined by genes. This means that genetics play a larger role in determining the age at which a person enters puberty than environmental factors, parenting, or diet.

Question 18

Over the last two centuries, children have reached their adult height earlier and are taller than their ancestors. What is the official name of this phenomenon?
A) the secular trend
B) evolution
C) genetic predisposition
D) generational trend

Accepted Answer

The official name of this phenomenon is the secular trend. This trend refers to the gradual increase in height that has been observed in children over the last two centuries, which is believed to be due to improved nutrition and living conditions. Evolution (B) refers to the process of genetic change over time, and genetic predisposition (C) refers to an individual's genetic susceptibility to certain traits or diseases. Generational trend (D) is a less commonly used term and does not specifically refer to changes in height.

Question 19

Jill learned in health class that _____ is a hormone that is necessary for puberty.
A) estrogen
B) cortisol
C) lipid
D) leptin

Accepted Answer

The answer of Jill learned in health class that _____...

Question 20

Evolutionary theory suggests that the relationship between childhood stress and onset of puberty exists to _____.
A) delay childbearing in strife-filled environments
B) encourage stressed youth to take more risks
C) ensure that reproduction occurs early in stress-filled environments
D) ease the transition to adulthood for individuals who need to grow up fast

Accepted Answer

Evolutionary theory suggests that stress can signal a challenging environment, one in which resources may be scarce or environmental conditions uncertain. In such circumstances, it may be adaptive for individuals to begin reproducing as soon as possible, before conditions worsen. Early puberty in response to stress may thus be an adaptive response to ensure that reproduction occurs early in stress-filled environments.

Quiz 14: Adolescence: Biosocial Development

When their _____ through puberty is a determining factor in whether an adolescent experiences their own pubertal maturation as early or late.

During the adolescent growth spurt, what is the last part(s) of the body to grow?

Later high school start times have been associated with _____.

Which factor has been associated with early maturation among girls?

Research indicates that female children who experienced a great deal of _____ while very young also experienced early puberty.

The average age of the onset of puberty has changed over time. Assuming that they are typical for their sex and their time period, which of the following individuals was the oldest when he or she started puberty?

Which hormone affects appetite, energy, and puberty?

Which statement about the correlation between body fat and onset of puberty among females is correct?

In the twenty-first century, early puberty positively correlates with _____.

While visiting an exhibit on seventeenth-century life, Hannah noticed that the adult clothing and shoes seemed to be quite small. The curator explained that current generations are taller than past generations due to _____.

One of the first signs of the growth spurt is _____.

Family conflict and stress _____.

William was an early-maturing boy in the 1930s. William would have been predicted to _____.

Latisha experienced menarche when she was 7 years old. She experienced _____.

Statistically, which adolescent will experience menarche first?

Ellie is 10 years old and well into puberty. She will probably experience _____.

About two-thirds of the variation in age of puberty is determined by _____.

Over the last two centuries, children have reached their adult height earlier and are taller than their ancestors. What is the official name of this phenomenon?

Jill learned in health class that _____ is a hormone that is necessary for puberty.

Evolutionary theory suggests that the relationship between childhood stress and onset of puberty exists to _____.