Question 1

The child who says, "I throwed the ball," or "My tooths hurt," is demonstrating a language error called _____.

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Question 2

Five-year-old Biyu participated in a study in which an upside-down cup covered dozens of candies. When Biyu couldn't resist moving the cup to see what was underneath, she told the researchers that she had accidentally knocked the cup over. Her lie reveals her rapidly developing _____.

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Question 3

According to Vygotsky, the set of skills that a boy can perform with assistance but not independently is considered to be within his _____.

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Question 4

The key research conclusion about what is important for early-childhood education, whether at home or at school, is the _____ of the educational environment.

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Question 5

A temporary, sensitive support structure set up to help children work in the zone of proximal development is called _____.

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Question 6

Neuroscience finds that young _____ children store two languages in the same areas of their brains.

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Question 7

When a child learns a word and then uses it to describe other objects in the same category (such as calling a black-and-white cow a "Dalmatian cow" after learning about Dalmatian dogs), the child is using _____.

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Question 8

When 2- to 6-year-old children imitate an adult's action that is irrelevant, perhaps even inefficient, it is called _____.

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Question 9

The internal dialogue in which one talks to oneself either aloud or in one's mind is called _____.

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Question 10

Maturation of the brain's _____ is required for the development of a child's capacity to understand the perspective of others.

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Question 11

The view that children's cognitive development is embedded in a social context originated with the work of _____.

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Question 12

The human desire to develop theories to explain what is seen and heard is called _____.

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Question 13

Amy designed her preschool classroom with several play areas that can accommodate groups of children so that they can learn from one another. Her classroom shows the influence of _____, who thought that children learn from other children in addition to adults.

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Question 14

Learning vocabulary by connecting a new word to words and categories that are already understood is called _____.

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Question 15

Children are more interested in asking questions about why adults behave in certain ways than in simply copying what adults do. This reveals that they are striving to develop _____ to understand the world.

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Question 16

_____ is the rapid and sometimes imprecise way in which children learn new words by placing them in mental categories based on their perceived meaning.

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Question 17

Beginning around age 4, children go through a change in thinking that allows them to develop a set of ideas about other people's thinking; this new perspective indicates that the children have developed a(n) _____.

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Question 18

The process by which one person learns from a more experienced mentor as they share social experiences and explorations is known as _____.

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Question 19

Elsa is becoming more fluent in English than her native Spanish. She is exhibiting a(n) _____.

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Question 20

Antonio is as competent in his second language as in his native Italian. Antonio is a(n) _____.

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Quiz 9: Early Childhood: Cognitive Development